Methods to measure dissociation rates for ligands that form reversible covalent bonds

ABSTRACT

The crystal structure of the ligand binding domain of ERR-α in complex with a ligand that forms a reversible thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α, methods to measure dissociation rates for ligands that form reversible covalent bonds, and methods to design ligands that form reversible covalent bonds for use as modulators of ERR-α activity are disclosed. The crystal structure and methods provide a novel molecular mechanism for modulation of the activity of ERR-α and provide the basis for rational drug design to obtain potent specific ligands for use as modulators of the activity of this new drug target.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims priority to application Ser. No. 61/232,983, filed Aug. 11, 2009.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention generally pertains to the fields of protein crystallization, X-ray diffraction analysis, three-dimensional structural determination, molecular modeling, and structure based rational drug design. The present invention provides a crystallized form of Estrogen Related Receptor alpha (ERR-α) in complex with a ligand that forms a thioether bond in the ligand binding pocket (LBP), methods to measure dissociation rates for ligands that form reversible covalent bonds, and methods to design ligands that form reversible covalent bonds for use as modulators of ERR-α activity.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Various publications, which may include patents, published applications, technical articles and scholarly articles, are cited throughout the specification in parentheses, and full citations of each may be found at the end of the specification. Each of these cited publications is incorporated by reference herein, in its entirety.

Nuclear receptors are members of a superfamily of transcription factors. The members of this family share structural similarities and regulate a diverse set of biological effects (Olefsky 2001). Ligands activate or repress these transcription factors that control genes involved in metabolism, differentiation and reproduction (Laudet and Gronmeyer 2002). Presently, the human genome project has identified about 48 members for this family and cognate ligands have been identified for about 28 of them (Giguere 1999). This protein family is composed of modular structural domains that can be interchanged within the members of the family without loss of function. A typical nuclear receptor contains a hypervariable N-terminus, a conserved DNA binding domain (DBD), a hinge region, and a conserved ligand binding domain (LBD). The function of the DBD is targeting of the receptor to specific DNA sequences (nuclear hormone response elements or NREs). The function of the LBD is recognition of its cognate ligand. Within the sequence of the nuclear receptor there are regions involved in transcriptional activation. The AF-1 domain is situated at the N-terminus and constitutively activates transcription (Rochette-Egly, Gaub et al. 1992; Rochette-Egly, Adam et al. 1997), while the AF-2 domain is embedded within the LBD and its transcriptional activation is ligand dependent (Wurtz, Bourguet et al. 1996). Nuclear receptors can exist as monomers, homodimers or heterodimers and bind to direct or inverted nucleotide repeats (Aranda and Pascual 2001; Laudet and Gronmeyer 2002).

The members of this family exist either in an activated or repressed basal biological state. The basic mechanism of gene activation involves ligand dependent exchange of co-regulatory proteins. These co-regulatory proteins are referred to as co-activators or co-repressors (McKenna, Lanz et al. 1999). A nuclear receptor in the repressed state is bound to its DNA response element and is associated with co-repressor proteins that recruit histone de-acetylases (HDACs) (Jones and Shi 2003). In the presence of an agonist there is an exchange of co-repressors with co-activators that in turn recruit transcription factors that assemble into an ATP dependent chromatin-remodeling complex. Histones are hyper-acetylated, causing the nucleosome to unfold, and repression is alleviated. The AF-2 domain acts as the ligand dependent molecular switch for the exchange of co-regulatory proteins. In the presence of an agonist the AF-2 domain undergoes a conformational transition and presents a surface on the LBD for interaction with co-activator proteins. In the absence of an agonist or in the presence of an antagonist the AF-2 domain presents a surface that promotes interactions with co-repressor proteins. The interaction surfaces on the LBD for both co-activators, and co-repressors overlap and provide a conserved molecular mechanism for gene activation or repression that is shared by the members of this family of transcription factors (Xu, Stanley et al. 2002).

Natural ligands that modulate the biological activity of nuclear receptors have been identified for only approximately one half of known nuclear receptors. Receptors for which no natural ligand has been identified are termed “orphan receptors”. The discovery of ligands or compounds that interact with an orphan receptor will accelerate the understanding of the role of the nuclear receptors in physiology and disease and facilitate the pursuit of new therapeutic approaches. A sub-class of these receptors, for which no natural ligands have been identified, is the estrogen related receptors (ERRs).

Estrogen Related Receptor alpha (ERR-α), also known as ERR-1, is an orphan receptor and was the first to be identified of the three members of the estrogen receptor related subfamily of orphan nuclear receptors (ERR-α, β, γ). The ERR subfamily is closely related to the estrogen receptors (ER-α and ER-β). ERR-α and ERR-β were first isolated by a low stringency hybridization screen (Giguere, Yang et al. 1988) followed later with the discovery of ERR-γ (Hong, Yang et al. 1999). The ERRs and ERs share sequence similarity with the highest homology observed in their DBDs, approximately 60%, and all interact with the classical DNA estrogen response element. Recent biochemical evidence suggested that the ERRs and ERs share co-regulator proteins and also target genes, including pS2, lactoferin, aromatase, and osteopontin (Hong, Yang et al. 1999; Zhang and Teng 2000; Giguere 2002; Kraus, Ariazi et al. 2002). It has been suggested that one of the main functions of ERRs is to regulate the response of estrogen responsive genes. The effects of the steroid hormone estrogen are primarily mediated in the breast, bone and endometrium, so it is reasonable to believe that compounds that interact with ERRs may find use for the treatment of bone related disease, breast cancer, and other diseases related to the reproduction system.

For example, it has been shown that ERR-α is present in both normal and cancerous breast tissue (Ariazi, Clark et al. 2002). It has also been reported that the main function of ERR-α in normal breast tissue is that of a repressor for estrogen responsive genes. In breast cancers or cell lines that are non-estrogen responsive (ER-α negative), ERR-α has been reported to be in an activated state (Ariazi, Clark et al. 2002). Therefore compounds that interact with ERR-α may be useful agents for the treatment of breast cancer that is ER-α negative and non-responsive to classical anti-estrogenic therapy, or may be used as an adjunct agent for anti-estrogen responsive breast cancers. These agents may act as antagonists by reducing the biological activity of ERR-α in these particular tissues.

Regarding bone related diseases, many post-menopausal women experience osteoporosis, a condition that has been clearly associated with a reduction of estrogen production. For example, it has been shown that reduction of estrogen levels results in increased bone loss (Turner, Riggs et al. 1994). It has also been shown that administration of estrogens to postmenopausal patients with osteoporosis has an anabolic effect on bone development (Pacifici 1996). The molecular mechanism linking estrogen receptors to bone loss is not well understood, however, since ER-α and ER-β knock-out animals have only minor skeletal defects (Korach 1994; Windahl, Vidal et al. 1999). With regard to ERR-α in bone, ERR-α expression has been shown to be regulated by estrogen (Bonnelye, Vanacker et al. 1997; Bonnelye, Merdad et al. 2001) and ERR-α expression is known to be maintained throughout stages of osteoblast differentiation. Furthermore, over-expression of ERR-α in rat calvaria osteoblasts, an accepted model of bone differentiation, resulted in an increase of bone nodule formation and treatment of rat calvaria osteoblasts with ERR-α antisense results in a decrease of bone nodule formation. ERR-α also regulates osteopontin, a protein believed to be involved in bone matrix formation. Therefore, compounds that modulate ERR-α by increasing its activity may have an anabolic effect for the regeneration of bone density and provide a benefit over current approaches that prevent bone loss. Such compounds may enhance the activity of the receptor by enhancing the association of the receptor with proteins that increase its activity or improve the stability of the receptor or by increasing the intracellular concentrations of the receptor and consequently increasing its activity. Conversely, with respect to bone diseases that are a result of abnormal bone growth, compounds that interact with ERR-α and decrease its biological activity may provide a benefit for the treatment of these diseases by retarding bone growth. Antagonism of the association of the receptor with co-activator proteins decreases the activity of the receptor.

ERR-α is also present in cardiac, adipose, and muscle tissue and forms a transcriptionally active complex with the PGC-1 co-activator family, which are co-activators implicated in energy homeostasis, mitochondria biogenesis, hepatic gluconeogenesis and in the regulation of genes involved in fatty acid beta-oxidation (Kamei, Ohizumi et al. 2003). ERR-α regulates the expression of medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) through interactions with its promoter. MCAD is a gene involved in the initial reaction in fatty acid beta-oxidation. It is believed that in the adipose tissue, ERR-α regulates energy expenditure through the regulation of MCAD (Sladek, Bader et al. 1997; Vega and Kelly 1997). In antisense experiments in rat calvaria osteoblasts, in addition to the inhibition of bone nodule formation, there was an increase in adipocyte differentiation markers including aP2 and PPAR-γ (Bonnelye, Kung et al. 2002). An ERR-α knockout model has been described that exhibited reduced fat mass relative to the wild type. DNA chip analysis indicated that the ERR-α knockout mice have an alteration in the expression levels of genes involved in adipogenesis and energy metabolism (Luo, Sladek et al. 2003). More recently it has been shown that ERR-α regulates the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, a gene that has a protective mechanism against arteriosclerosis (Sumi and Ignarro 2003). The biochemical evidence supports the involvement of ERR-α in metabolic homeostasis and differentiation of cells into adipocytes. Therefore, compounds interacting with ERR-α may affect energy homeostasis and provide a benefit for the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome related disease indications, including arteriosclerosis and diabetes (Grundy, Brewer et al. 2004).

Lion Bioscience AG disclosed the use of certain pyrazole derivatives as antagonists of ERR-α for treating cancer, osteoporosis, obesity, lipid disorders and cardiovascular disorders and for regulating fertility (US20060148876). Still other small molecules were also disclosed as ERR-α modulators (US20060014812; US20080221179).

There is a continuing need for new ERR-α inverse agonists that may find use in the treatment of conditions including but not limited to bone-related disease, bone formation, breast cancer (including those unresponsive to anti-estrogen therapy), cartilage formation, cartilage injury, cartilage loss, cartilage degeneration, cartilage injury, ankylosing spondylitis, chronic back injury, gout, osteoporosis, osteolytic bone metastasis, multiple myeloma, chondrosarcoma, chondrodysplasia, osteogenesis imperfecta, osteomalacia, Paget's disease, polymyalgia rheumatica, pseudogout, arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, infectious arthritis, osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis, childhood arthritis, Reiter's syndrome, repetitive stress injury, periodontal disease, chronic inflammatory airway disease, chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, metabolic syndrome, obesity, disorders of energy homeostasis, diabetes, lipid disorders, cardiovascular disorders, artherosclerosis, hyperglycemia, elevated blood glucose level, and insulin resistance.

X-ray crystal structures provide powerful tools for the rational design of ligands that can function as active agents for biologically important targets. The first crystal structure solved for ERR-α was a complex of the ERR-α ligand binding domain and a coactivator peptide from peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator-1 (PGC-1) (Kallen, Schlaeppi et al. 2004). The structure revealed that the putative ligand binding pocket (LBP) of ERR-α is almost completely occupied by side chains, in particular with the bulky side chain of Phe328. The crystal structure of ERR-α in a transcriptionally active conformation, in the absence of a ligand, provided evidence for ligand-independent transcriptional activation by ERR-α. A second ERR-α crystal structure was solved with the ligand binding domain of ERR-α (containing a C325S mutation) in complex with an inverse agonist bound in the ligand binding pocket (LBP). The C325S mutation was introduced to reduce biochemical instability problems during purification and crystallization that were determined to be associated with cysteine oxidation. (Kallen, Lattmann et al. 2007). The structure revealed a dramatic conformational change in the ERR-α LBP which created the necessary space for the ligand to bind. Due to the C325S mutation in the LBP, however, the structure left unresolved the importance of the Cys325 in designing ligands for use as modulators of ERR-α activity.

It has been shown that certain ligands form a covalent bond to a cysteine residue in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) ligand binding domain through a Michael addition, and that covalent binding is required for PPAR activation by the ligands (Shiraki, Kamiya et al. 2005). Covalent binding has also been demonstrated in a number of different drugs for a variety of drug targets. A few examples are briefly included below. It was proposed that targeted covalent inactivation of a variety of protein kinases may hold promise for developing treatments for a number of different diseases (US20060079494; Fry, Bridges et al. 1998; Schirmer, Kennedy et al. 2006; Wood, Shewchuk et al. 2008). Covalent binding was also demonstrated for potent and species-specific inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA synthases ((Pojer, Ferrer et al. 2006). It was shown that F-amidine and Cl-amidine irreversibly inactivate protein arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) in a calcium-dependent manner via the specific modification of Cys645, an active site residue that is critical for catalysis. A growing body of evidence supports a role for PAD4 in the onset and progression of rheumatoid arthritis, a chronic autoimmune disorder. It was concluded that the covalent binding compounds may be useful as potential lead compounds for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (Luo, Arita et al. 2006). Even the unique properties of aspirin, the ubiquitous nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, derive from its ability to covalently modify cyclooxygenases, COX-1 and COX-2, the in vivo targets for its action (Kalgutkar, Crews et al. 1998).

The present invention provides a crystallized form of a complex of the ERR-α ligand binding domain (ERR-α-LBD) with a ligand that forms a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α. The diffraction pattern of the crystal is of sufficient resolution so that the three-dimensional structure of ERR-α can be determined at atomic resolution, ligand-binding sites on ERR-α can be identified, and the interactions of ligands with specific amino acid residues of ERR-α can be modeled and used to design ligands that can function as active agents. The assay methods of the present invention can be used to measure dissociation rates for ligands that form reversible covalent bonds and can function as active agents. Thus, the three-dimensional structure of the complex of the ERR-α ligand binding domain (ERR-α-LBD) with a ligand that forms a thioether bond to Cys325 and the assay methods of the present invention have applications to the design and biological characterization of ligands that function as modulators of ERR-α activity. Such ligands may be useful for treating, ameliorating, preventing or inhibiting the progression of disease states, disorders and conditions that are mediated by ERR-α activity.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of producing and using three-dimensional structure information derived from the crystal structure of a complex of Estrogen Related Receptor alpha (ERR-α) and Compound 1.

The present invention also includes specific crystallization conditions to obtain crystals of the complex of ERR-α and Compound 1. The crystals are subsequently used to obtain a 3-dimensional structure of the complex using X-ray crystallography. The obtained data is used for rational drug discovery with the aim to design ligands that are modulators of ERR-α activity.

The present invention includes a crystal comprising ERR-α, or a fragment, or target structural motif or derivative thereof, and a ligand, wherein the ligand forms a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α.

In another embodiment, the present invention comprises a crystal of ERR-α and a ligand, wherein said ligand forms a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α, the crystal having a spacegroup of P6522.

In yet another embodiment, the present invention comprises a crystal of ERR-α and a ligand, wherein said ligand forms a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α, the crystal with a unit cell having dimensions of about a=b=103.007 and c=110.017.

In another aspect of the invention, the invention includes a computer system comprising: (a) a database stored on a computer readable storage medium, the database containing information on the three dimensional structure of a crystal comprising ERR-α, or a fragment or a target structural motif or derivative thereof, and a ligand, wherein said ligand that forms a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α; and, (b) a user interface to view the information.

Further included in the present invention is a method of identifying a modulator of ERR-α activity, comprising: (a) employing the three dimensional structure of ERR-α cocrystallized with a ligand that forms a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α; and, (b) designing or selecting said modulator of ERR-α activity, thereby identifying the modulator of ERR-α activity.

The invention comprises a method of locating the attachment site of a modulator of ERR-α activity, comprising: (a.) contacting human ERR-α with the ligand; (b.) cocrystallizing human ERR-α with the ligand; (c.) obtaining X-ray diffraction data for a complex of ERR-α and the ligand; (d.) obtaining X-ray diffraction data for a crystal of ERR-α without the ligand; (e.) subtracting the X-ray diffraction data obtained in step (c) from the X-ray diffraction data obtained in step (d) to obtain the difference in the X-ray diffraction data; (f.) obtaining phases that correspond to X-ray diffraction data obtained in step (c); (g.) utilizing the phases obtained in step (f) and the difference in the X-ray diffraction data obtained in step (e) to compute a difference Fourier image of the ligand; and, (h.) locating the attachment site of the ligand to ERR-α based on the computations obtained in step (g).

The invention additionally comprises a method for solving the crystal structure of a complex comprising an ERR-α polypeptide and a ligand that forms a thioether bond with Cys325 of ERR-α, comprising: (a) contacting the ERR-α polypeptide with said ligand in a suitable solution comprising ammonium sulfate, Pipes pH 6.5 and Na-thiocyanate; (b) crystallizing said resulting complex of the ERR-α polypeptide and the ligand from said solution; and, (c) solving the crystal structure of the complex of the ERR-α polypeptide and the ligand.

The invention includes a method for identifying a potential modulator of ERR-α activity, comprising: (a) using a three dimensional structure of the complex of ERR-α and a ligand that forms a thioether bond with Cys325 of ERR-α as defined by atomic coordinates according to Table 6; (b) replacing one or more ERR-α amino acids in said three-dimensional structure with a different amino acid to produce a modified ERR-α; (c) using said three-dimensional structure to design or select said potential modulator of ERR-α activity; (d) synthesizing said potential modulator; and, (e) contacting said potential modulator with said modified ERR-α and determining the ability of said potential modulator to affect said ERR-α activity. Also included in the invention is a modulator of ERR-α identified by the method.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method to measure the dissociation rate for a ligand that forms a reversible covalent bond with a protein, comprising the steps of: (a) measuring by LC/MS a mass for the protein, a mass for a first ligand that forms a reversible covalent bond with the protein, and a mass for a competing second ligand that forms a reversible covalent bond with the protein, wherein the competing second ligand has a different mass than the first ligand; (b) mixing the protein and the first ligand in a solution with the first ligand in molar excess of the protein; (c) incubating the protein and the first ligand in the solution to allow for a protein:first ligand complex to form; (d) removing an aliquot of the solution and measuring by LC/MS the mass for the protein:first ligand complex; (e) adding molar excess of the competing second ligand to the solution containing the protein:first ligand complex; (f) removing aliquots of the solution at time 0 and at regular intervals; (g) measuring the time-dependent change in the mass of the protein:first ligand complex; and, (h) determining the dissociation rate for the first ligand; thereby measuring the dissociation rate of a ligand that forms a reversible covalent bond with a protein.

The present invention further provides a method to measure the dissociation rate for a ligand that forms a reversible covalent bond with a protein, wherein the reversible covalent bond is a thioether bond to a cysteine (Cys).

The present invention also provides a method to measure the dissociation rate for a ligand that forms a reversible covalent bond with a protein, wherein the protein comprises Estrogen Related Receptor alpha (ERR-α) and the ligand that forms a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α.

In its many embodiments, the present invention provides methods to identify novel ligands that may find use as modulators of ERR-α activity, for example, ligands that function as inverse agonists of ERR-α and form a thioether bond with Cys325 of ERR-α, pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more such ligands, methods of preparing pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more such ligands, and methods of treatment, prevention, inhibition or amelioration of one or more diseases associated with ERR-α activity using such ligands or pharmaceutical compositions containing such ligands.

Another aspect of the present invention features a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one ligand that forms a thioether bond with Cys325 of ERR-α and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

The present invention also features a method of treating a subject suffering from or diagnosed with a disease, disorder, or condition mediated by ERR-α activity, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of at least one ligand that forms a thioether bond with Cys325 of ERR-α. Such disease, disorder, or condition can include bone-related disease, bone formation, breast cancer (including those unresponsive to anti-estrogen therapy), cartilage formation, cartilage injury, cartilage loss, cartilage degeneration, cartilage injury, ankylosing spondylitis, chronic back injury, gout, osteoporosis, osteolytic bone metastasis, multiple myeloma, chondrosarcoma, chondrodysplasia, osteogenesis imperfecta, osteomalacia, Paget's disease, polymyalgia rheumatica, pseudogout, arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, infectious arthritis, osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis, childhood arthritis, Reiter's syndrome, repetitive stress injury, periodontal disease, chronic inflammatory airway disease, chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, metabolic syndrome, obesity, disorders of energy homeostasis, diabetes, lipid disorders, cardiovascular disorders, artherosclerosis, hyperglycemia, elevated blood glucose level, and insulin resistance. The therapeutically effective amount of the ligand that forms a thioether bond with Cys325 of ERR-α can be from about 0.1 mg/day to about 5000 mg/day for an average human.

The present invention further includes a method of treating a subject suffering from or diagnosed with a disease, disorder, or medical condition mediated by Estrogen Related Receptor alpha (ERR-α) activity, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount to treat the disease, disorder, or medical condition, a ligand that forms a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, pharmaceutically acceptable prodrug, or pharmaceutically active metabolite thereof, wherein the disease, disorder, or medical condition is selected from the group consisting of: bone-related disease, bone formation, cartilage formation, cartilage loss, cartilage degeneration, cartilage injury, ankylosing spondylitis, chronic back injury, gout, osteoporosis, osteolytic bone metastasis, multiple myeloma, chondrosarcoma, chondrodysplasia, osteogenesis imperfecta, osteomalacia, Paget's disease, polymyalgia rheumatica, pseudogout, arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, infectious arthritis, osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis, childhood arthritis, Reiter's syndrome, repetitive stress injury, periodontal disease, chronic inflammatory airway disease, chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, breast cancer, metabolic syndrome, obesity, disorders of energy homeostasis, diabetes, lipid disorders, cardiovascular disorders, and artherosclerosis.

The present invention provides a method of treating a subject suffering from or diagnosed with a disease, disorder, or medical condition mediated by ERR-α activity, comprising administering to the subject a pharmaceutical composition comprising: (a) an effective amount of a pharmaceutical agent to treat the disease, disorder, or medical condition, said pharmaceutical agent comprising a ligand that forms a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs, and pharmaceutically active metabolites of said compounds; and, (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, wherein the disease, disorder, or medical condition is bone-related disease, bone formation, cartilage formation, cartilage loss, cartilage degeneration, cartilage injury, ankylosing spondylitis, chronic back injury, gout, osteoporosis, osteolytic bone metastasis, multiple myeloma, chondrosarcoma, chondrodysplasia, osteogenesis imperfecta, osteomalacia, Paget's disease, polymyalgia rheumatica, pseudogout, arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, infectious arthritis, osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis, childhood arthritis, Reiter's syndrome, repetitive stress injury, periodontal disease, chronic inflammatory airway disease, chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, breast cancer, metabolic syndrome, obesity, energy disorder, homeostasis, diabetes, lipid disorder, cardiovascular disorder, or artherosclerosis.

Additional embodiments and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the detailed discussion, schemes, examples, and claims below.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The patent or patent application file contains at least one drawing executed in color. Copies of this patent or patent application publication with color drawings will be provided by the United States Patent and Trademark Office upon request and payment of necessary fee.

A preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be described, by way of an example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:

FIG. 1: A. Shown is a ribbon representation of an overlay of the complex of ERR-α and PGC1-α onto the complex of ERR-α and Compound 1. The ERR-α protein of the complex of ERR-α and Compound 1 is depicted in green with Compound 1 depicted in cyan. The complex of ERR-α and PGC1-α is shown in magenta with the PGC1-α peptide in red. B. Shown is a stick model representation of an overlay of complex of ERR-α and PGC1-α onto the complex of ERR-α and Compound 1.

FIG. 2: A. Shown is a 2fofc map calculated to 1.6σ around Compound 1. B. Shown is a sulfur anomalous map calculated to 3.5σ, that validates the correct orientation of the thiazole of Compound 1 and Cys325 of ERR-α.

DEFINITIONS

As is generally the case in biotechnology and chemistry, the description of the present invention has required the use of a number of terms of art. Although it is not practical to do so exhaustively, definitions for some of these terms are provided here for ease of reference. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Definitions for other terms may also appear elsewhere herein. However, the definitions provided here and elsewhere herein should always be considered in determining the intended scope and meaning of the defined terms. Although any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice of the present invention, the preferred methods and materials are described.

The term “comprising” means “including principally, but not necessarily solely”. Furthermore, variations of the word “comprising”, such as “comprise” and “comprises”, have correspondingly varied meanings.

As used herein, the terms “containing”, “having” and “including” are used in their open, non-limiting sense.

As used herein, “sequence” means the linear order in which monomers occur in a polymer, for example, the order of amino acids in a polypeptide or the order of nucleotides in a polynucleotide.

The terms “polypeptide”, “protein”, and “peptide” are used herein interchangeably to refer to amino acid chains in which the amino acid residues are linked by peptide bonds or modified peptide bonds. The amino acid chains can be of any length of greater than two amino acids. Unless otherwise specified, the terms “polypeptide”, “protein”, and “peptide” also encompass various modified forms thereof. Such modified forms may be naturally occurring modified forms or chemically modified forms. Examples of modified forms include, but are not limited to, glycosylated forms, phosphorylated forms, myristoylated forms, palmitoylated forms, ribosylated forms, acetylated forms, ubiquitinated forms, etc. Modifications also include intra-molecular crosslinking and covalent attachment to various moieties such as lipids, flavin, biotin, polyethylene glycol or derivatives thereof, etc. In addition, modifications may also include cyclization, branching and cross-linking. Further, amino acids other than the conventional twenty amino acids encoded by the codons of genes may also be included in a polypeptide.

As used herein, a protein or nucleic acid molecule is said to be “isolated” when the protein or nucleic acid molecule is substantially separated from contaminants from the source of the protein or nucleic acid.

As used herein, the term “native protein” refers to a protein comprising an amino acid sequence identical to that of a protein isolated from its natural source or organism.

As used herein, the term “amino acids” refers to the L-isomers of the naturally occurring amino acids. The naturally occurring amino acids are glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, serine, methionine, threonine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, cysteine, proline, histidine, aspartic acid, asparagine, glutamic acid, glutamine, γ-carboxylglutamic acid, arginine, ornithine, and lysine. Unless specifically indicated, all amino acids are referred to in this application are in the L-form.

As used herein, the term “nonnatural amino acids” refers to amino acids that are not naturally found in proteins. For example, selenomethionine.

As used herein, the term “positively charged amino acid” includes any amino acids having a positively charged side chain under normal physiological conditions. Examples of positively charged naturally occurring amino acids are arginine, lysine, and histidine.

As used herein, the term “negatively charged amino acid” includes any amino acids having a negatively charged side chains under normal physiological conditions. Examples of negatively charged naturally occurring amino acids are aspartic acid and glutamic acid.

As used herein, the term “hydrophobic amino acid” includes any amino acids having an uncharged, nonpolar side chain that is relatively insoluble in water. Examples of naturally occurring hydrophobic amino acids are alanine, leucine, isoleucine, valine, proline, phenylalanine, tryptophan, and methionine.

As used herein, the term “hydrophilic amino acid” refers to any amino acids having an uncharged, polar side chain that is relatively soluble in water. Examples of naturally occurring hydrophilic amino acids are serine, threonine, tyrosine, asparagine, glutamine and cysteine.

As used herein, “nucleic acid” is defined as RNA or DNA that encodes a protein or peptide as defined herein, or is complementary to nucleic acid sequence encoding such peptides, or hybridizes to such nucleic acid and remains stably bound to it under appropriate stringency conditions. Nucleic acid sequences can be composed of natural nucleotides of the following bases: thymidine, adenine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil; abbreviated T, A, C, G, and U, respectively, and/or synthetic analogs of the natural nucleotides.

The term “oligonucleotide” or “oligo” refers to a single-stranded DNA or RNA sequence of a relatively short length, for example, less than 100 residues long. For many methods, oligonucleotides of about 16-25 nucleotides in length are useful, although longer oligonucleotides of greater than about 25 nucleotides may sometimes be utilized. Some oligonucleotides can be used as “primers” for the synthesis of complimentary nucleic acid strands. For example, DNA primers can hybridize to a complimentary nucleic acid sequence to prime the synthesis of a complimentary DNA strand in reactions using DNA polymerases. Oligonucleotides are also useful for hybridization in several methods of nucleic acid detection, for example, in Northern blotting or in situ hybridization.

“Recombinant” refers to a nucleic acid, a protein encoded by a nucleic acid, a cell, or a viral particle, that has been modified using molecular biology techniques to something other than its natural state. For example, recombinant cells can contain nucleotide sequence that is not found within the native (non-recombinant) form of the cell or can express native genes that are otherwise abnormally, under-expressed, or not expressed at all. Recombinant cells can also contain genes found in the native form of the cell wherein the genes are modified and re-introduced into the cell by artificial means. The term also encompasses cells that contain an endogenous nucleic acid that has been modified without removing the nucleic acid from the cell; such modifications include those obtained, for example, by gene replacement, and site-specific mutation.

The term “high stringency” as used herein refers to the conditions under which two nucleic acids may be hybridized, and may include, for example, the concentration of salts and/or detergents in a solution, the temperature of a solution that is used during the hybridization of the two nucleic acids and time period of the hybridization. Accordingly, the term “high stringency” as used herein refers to conditions in a solution that are conducive to hybridization of two nucleic acids only where such nucleic acids share a high degree of complementarity. The degree of complementarity may include, but not be limited to, a range of from about 90% to 100%. Thus, “high stringency” conditions may involve, but are not limited to, the use of a varying temperature and a buffer comprising various concentrations of detergents, salts, and divalent cations.

As used herein, “vector” refers to a nucleic acid molecule into which a heterologous nucleic acid can be or is inserted. Some vectors can be introduced into a host cell allowing for replication of the vector or for expression of a protein that is encoded by the vector or construct. Vectors typically have selectable markers, for example, genes that encode proteins allowing for drug resistance, origins of replication sequences, and multiple cloning sites that allow for insertion of a heterologous sequence. Vectors are typically plasmid-based and are designated by a lower case “p” followed by a combination of letters and/or numbers. Starting plasmids disclosed herein are either commercially available, publicly available on an unrestricted basis, or can be constructed from available plasmids by application of procedures known in the art. Many plasmids and other cloning and expression vectors that can be used in accordance with the present invention are well-known and readily available to those of skill in the art. Moreover, those of skill readily may construct any number of other plasmids suitable for use in the invention. The properties, construction and use of such plasmids, as well as other vectors, in the present invention will be readily apparent to those of skill from the present disclosure.

As used herein, the term “activity” refers to an activity exerted by ERR-α as determined in vivo or in vitro, according to standard techniques. Examples of such activity include, but are not limited to, direct activity such as the ability to bind to a ligand or an analog thereof, changes in transcriptional activity, changes in the levels of genes or gene products that are regulated directly or indirectly by ERR-α activity, changes in enzymatic activity for protein whose expression may be affected directly or indirectly by ERR-α activity, or functional changes of cell physiology that result from changes in ERR-α activity.

The term “high-throughput assay” or “high-throughput screening” refers to assay designs that allow easy screening of multiple samples simultaneously and/or in rapid succession, and may include the capacity for robotic manipulation. Another desired feature of high-throughput assays is an assay design that is optimized to reduce reagent usage, or minimize the number of manipulations in order to achieve the analysis desired. Examples of high-throughput assay formats include, but are not limited to, formats that utilize 96-well, 384-well, and 1536-well plates, or “lab on a chip” microchannel chips used for liquid handling experiments. It is well known by those in the art that as miniaturization of plastic molds and liquid handling devices are advanced, or as improved assay devices are designed, greater numbers of samples can be processed using the forms of the present invention. Any high-throughput screening may be utilized to test new compounds, which are identified or designed for their ability to interact with ERR-α. For general information on high-throughput screening see, for example, (Devlin (editor) 1998); and U.S. Pat. No. 5,763,263.

By the term “selecting” or “select” compounds it is intended to encompass both (a) choosing compounds from a group previously unknown to be modulators of a protein complex or interacting protein members thereof; and (b) testing compounds that are known to be capable of binding, or modulating the functions and activities of, a protein complex or interacting protein members thereof. The compounds encompass numerous chemical classes, including but not limited to, small organic or inorganic compounds, natural or synthetic molecules, such as antibodies, proteins or fragments thereof, antisense nucleotides, interfering RNA (iRNA) and ribozymes, and derivatives, mimetics and analogs thereof. Preferably, they are small organic compounds, i.e., those having a molecular weight of no greater than 10,000 daltons, more preferably less than 5,000 daltons.

As used herein, the term “atomic coordinates” or “structure coordinates” refers to mathematical coordinates that describe the positions of atoms in crystals of ERR-α in Protein Data Bank (PDB) format, including X, Y, Z and B, for each atom. The diffraction data obtained from the crystals are used to calculate an electron density map of the repeating unit of the crystal. The electron density maps may be used to establish the positions (i.e. coordinates X, Y and Z) of the individual atoms within the crystal. Those of skill in the art understand that a set of structure coordinates determined by X-ray crystallography is not without standard error. For the purpose of this invention, any set of structure coordinates for a complex of ERR-α and a ligand that forms a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α from any source having a root mean square deviation of non-hydrogen atoms of less than about 1.5 Å when superimposed on the non-hydrogen atom positions of the corresponding atomic coordinates of Table 6 are considered substantially identical or homologous. In a more preferred embodiment, any set of structure coordinates for a complex of ERR-α and a ligand that forms a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α from any source having a root mean square deviation of non-hydrogen atoms of less than about 0.75 Å when superimposed on the non-hydrogen atom positions of the corresponding atomic coordinates of Table 6 are considered substantially identical or homologous.

The term “atom type” refers to the chemical element whose coordinates are measured. The abbreviations in column 3 of Table 6 identifies the element.

The terms “X,” “Y” and “Z” refer to the crystallographically-defined atomic position of the element measured with respect to the chosen crystallographic origin. The term “B” refers to a thermal factor that measures the mean variation of an atom's position with respect to its average position.

As used herein, the term “crystal” refers to any three-dimensional ordered array of molecules that diffracts X-rays.

As used herein, the term “carrier” in a composition refers to a diluent, adjuvant, excipient, or vehicle with which the product is mixed.

As used herein, the term “composition” refers to the combining of distinct elements or ingredients to form a whole. A composition comprises more than one element or ingredient. For the purposes of this invention, a composition will often, but not always comprise a carrier.

As used herein, “ERR-α” is used to mean a protein obtained as a result of expression of human Estrogen Related Receptor alpha. Within the meaning of this term, it will be understood that human ERR-α encompasses all proteins encoded by Estrogen Related Receptor alpha, mutants thereof, conservative amino acid substitutions, alternative splice proteins thereof, and phosphorylated proteins thereof. Additionally, as used herein, it will be understood that the term “ERR-α” includes human Estrogen Related Receptor alpha and homologues from other animals. As an example, ERR-α includes the protein comprising SEQ ID NO:1 and variants thereof comprising at least about 70% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:1, or preferably 80%, 85%, 90% and 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:1, or more preferably, at least about 95% or more sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:1.

As used herein, the term “SAR”, an abbreviation for Structure-Activity Relationships, collectively refers to the structure-activity/structure property relationships pertaining to the relationship(s) between a compound's activity/properties and its chemical structure.

As used herein, the term “molecular structure” refers to the three dimensional arrangement of molecules of a particular compound or complex of molecules (e.g., the three dimensional structure of a complex of ERR-α and a that ligand that forms a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α).

As used herein, the term “molecular modeling” refers to the use of computational methods, preferably computer assisted methods, to draw realistic models of what molecules look like and to make predictions about structure activity relationships of ligands. The methods used in molecular modeling range from molecular graphics to computational chemistry.

As used herein, the term “molecular model” refers to the three dimensional arrangement of the atoms of a molecule connected by covalent bonds or the three dimensional arrangement of the atoms of a complex comprising more than one molecule, e.g., a protein:ligand complex.

As used herein, the term “molecular graphics” refers to three dimensional (3D) representations of the molecules; for instance, a 3D representation produced using computer assisted computational methods.

As used herein, “computer readable medium” refers to any medium, which can be read and accessed directly by a computer. Such media include, but are not limited to: magnetic storage media, such as floppy discs, hard disc storage media, and magnetic tape; optical storage media such as optical discs or CD-ROM; electrical storage media such as RAM and ROM; and hybrids of these categories such as magnetic/optical storage media.

As used herein, “recorded” refers to a process for storing information on computer readable media. A skilled artisan can readily adopt any of the presently known methods for recording information on computer readable media to generate compositions comprising an amino acid sequence and/or atomic coordinate/X-ray diffraction data information of the present invention.

As used herein, “a computer-based system” refers to the hardware means, software means, and data storage means used to analyze the sequence and/or X-ray diffraction data of the present invention. The minimum hardware means of the computer-based systems of the present invention comprises a central processing unit (CPU), input means, output means, and data storage means. A skilled artisan can readily appreciate which of the currently available computer-based systems are suitable for use in the present invention. A visualization device, such as a monitor, is optionally provided to visualize structure data.

As stated above, the computer-based systems of the present invention comprise a data storage means having stored therein sequence and/or atomic coordinate/X-ray diffraction data of the present invention and the necessary hardware means and software means for supporting and implementing an analysis means. As used herein, “data storage means” refers to memory which can store sequence or atomic coordinate/X-ray diffraction data of the present invention, or a memory access means which can access manufactures having recorded thereon the sequence or X-ray data of the present invention.

As used herein, “search means” or “analysis means” refers to one or more programs which are implemented on the computer-based system to compare a target sequence or target structural motif with the sequence or X-ray data stored within the data storage means. Search means are used to identify fragments or regions of a protein which match a particular target sequence or target motif. A variety of known algorithms are disclosed publicly and a variety of commercially available software for conducting search means are and can be used in the computer-based systems of the present invention. A skilled artisan can readily recognize that any one of the available algorithms or implementing software packages for conducting computer analyses can be adapted for use in the present computer-based systems.

As used herein, “a target structural motif”, or “target motif”, refers to any rationally selected sequence or combination of sequences in which the sequence(s) are chosen based on a three-dimensional configuration or electron density map which is formed upon the folding of the target motif. There are a variety of target motifs known in the art. Protein target motifs include, but are not limited to, enzymatic active sites, inhibitor binding sites, structural subdomains, epitopes, functional domains and signal sequences. Similar motifs are known for RNA. A variety of structural formats for the input and output means can be used to input and output the information in the computer-based systems of the present invention.

As used herein, the term “computational chemistry” refers to calculations of the physical and chemical properties of the molecules.

As used herein, the term “molecular replacement” refers to a method that involves generating a preliminary model of a crystal of a complex of ERR-α and a ligand that forms a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α whose coordinates are unknown, by orienting and positioning the atomic coordinates described in the present invention so as best to account for the observed diffraction pattern of the unknown crystal. Phases can then be calculated from this model and combined with the observed amplitudes to give an approximate Fourier synthesis of the structure whose coordinates are unknown. (Rossmann 1972).

As used herein, the term “homolog” refers to the ERR-α protein molecule or the nucleic acid molecule which encodes the protein, or a functional domain from said protein from a first source having at least about 70% or 75% sequence identity, or at least about 80% sequence identity, or more preferably at least about 85% sequence identity, or even more preferably at least about 90% sequence identity, and most preferably at least about 95%, 97% or 99% sequence identity, with the amino acid sequence of the protein, the encoding nucleic acid molecule, or any functional domain thereof, from a second source. The second source may be a version of the molecule from the first source that has been genetically altered by any available means to change the primary amino acid or nucleotide sequence or may be from the same or a different species than that of the first source.

As used herein, the term “active site” refers to regions on ERR-α or a structural motif of ERR-α that are directly involved in the function or activity of human ERR-α.

As used herein, the terms “binding site” or “binding pocket” refer to a region of human ERR-α or a molecular complex comprising ERR-α that, as a result of the primary amino acid sequence of human ERR-α and/or its three-dimensional shape, favourably associates with another chemical entity or compound including ligands, cofactors, inhibitors, or other types of modulators. For the purpose of this invention, any active site, binding site or binding pocket defined by a set of structure coordinates for a complex of ERR-α or a homolog of ERR-α and a ligand that forms a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α or a homolog of ERR-α from any source having a root mean square deviation of non-hydrogen atoms of less than about 1.5 Å when superimposed on the non-hydrogen atom positions of the corresponding atomic coordinates of Table 6 are considered substantially identical or homologous. In a more preferred embodiment, any set of structure coordinates for a complex of ERR-α or a homolog of ERR-α and a ligand that forms a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α or a homolog of ERR-α from any source having a root mean square deviation of non-hydrogen atoms of less than about 0.75 Å when superimposed on the non-hydrogen atom positions of the corresponding atomic coordinates of Table 6 are considered substantially identical or homologous.

The term “root mean square deviation” means the square root of the arithmetic mean of the squares of the deviations from the mean.

As used herein, the term “hydrogen bond” refers to two hydrophilic atoms (either O or N), which share a hydrogen that is covalently bonded to only one atom, while interacting with the other.

As used herein, the term “hydrophobic interaction” refers to interactions made by two hydrophobic residues or atoms (such as carbon).

As used herein, the term “conjugated system” refers to more than two double bonds adjacent to each other, in which electrons are completely delocalized with the entire system. This also includes aromatic residues.

As used herein, the term “aromatic residue” refers to amino acids with side chains having a delocalized conjugated system. Examples of aromatic residues are phenylalanine, tryptophan, and tyrosine.

As used herein, the phrase “inhibiting the binding” refers to preventing or reducing the direct or indirect association of one or more molecules, peptides, proteins, enzymes, or receptors, or preventing or reducing the normal activity of one or more molecules, peptides, proteins, enzymes or receptors, e.g., preventing or reducing the direct or indirect association with human ERR-α.

As used herein, the term “competitive inhibitor” refers to inhibitors that bind to human ERR-α at active site, thus directly competing with a substrate or ligand. Competitive inhibition may, in some instances, be reversed completely by increasing the substrate or ligand concentration.

As used herein, the term “uncompetitive inhibitor” refers to one that inhibits the functional activity of human ERR-α by binding to a different site than does its substrate(s).

As used herein, the term “non-competitive inhibitor” refers to one that can bind to either the free or bound form of ERR-α. Those of skill in the art may identify inhibitors as competitive, uncompetitive, or non-competitive by computer fitting enzyme kinetic data using standard methods. See, for example, (Segel 1975).

The term “inverse agonist” as used herein refers to compounds or substances that have the ability to decrease the constitutive level of receptor activation in the absence of an agonist instead of only blocking the activation induced by agonist binding at the receptor.

As used herein, the term “R or S-isomer” refers to two possible stereoisomers of a chiral carbon according to the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog system adopted by International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). Each group attached to the chiral carbon is first assigned to a preference or priority a, b, c, or d on the basis of the atomic number of the atom that is directly attached to the chiral carbon. The group with the highest atomic number is given the highest preference a, the group with next highest atomic number is given the next highest preference b, and so on. The group with the lowest preference (d) is then directed away from the viewer. If the trace of a path from a to b to c is counter clockwise, the isomer is designated (S); in the opposite direction, clockwise, the isomer is designated (R).

As used herein, the term “stereoisomers” is a general term for all isomers of individual molecules that differ only in the orientation of their atoms in space. It includes enantiomers and isomers of compounds with more than one chiral center that are not mirror images of one another (diastereomers).

As used herein, the term “chiral center” refers to a carbon atom to which four different groups are attached.

As used herein, the term “enantiomer” or “enantiomeric” refers to a molecule that is nonsuperimposable on its mirror image and hence optically active wherein the enantiomer rotates the plane of polarized light in one direction and its mirror image rotates the plane of polarized light in the opposite direction.

As used herein, the term “racemic” refers to a mixture of equal parts of enantiomers and which is optically active.

As used herein, the term “resolution” refers to the separation or concentration or depletion of one of the two enantiomeric forms of a molecule. In the context of this application. The term “resolution” also refers to the amount of detail, which can be resolved by the diffraction experiment. Or in other terms, since the inherent disorder of a protein crystal diffraction pattern fades away at some diffraction angle theta_(max), the corresponding distance d_(min) of the reciprocal lattices is determined by Bragg's law. In practice in protein crystallography it is usual to quote the nominal resolution of a protein electron density in terms of d_(min), the minimum lattice distance to which data is included in the calculation of the map.

As used herein, the term “ligand” refers to any molecule, or chemical entity, which binds with or to ERR-α, a subunit of ERR-α, a domain of ERR-α, a target structural motif of ERR-α, or a fragment of ERR-α. Thus, ligands include, but are not limited to, modulators of ERR-α activity such as small molecule inhibitors, small molecule agonists, and small molecule inverse agonists, for example.

As used herein, the term “small molecule inhibitor” refers to ligands useful in the present invention having the ability to modulate a measurable amount of ERR-α activity. In addition to small organic molecules, peptides, antibodies, cyclic peptides and peptidomimetics are contemplated as being useful in the disclosed methods. Preferred inhibitors and modulators are small molecules, preferably less than 10,000 daltons, and more preferably less than 5,000 daltons.

As used herein the terms “bind”, “binding”, “bond”, or “bonded” when used in reference to the association of atoms, molecules, or chemical groups, refer to any physical contact or association of two or more atoms, molecules; or chemical groups.

As used herein, the terms “covalent bond” or “valence bond” refer to a chemical bond between two atoms in a molecule created by the sharing of electrons, usually in pairs, by the bonded atoms.

As used herein, “noncovalent bond” refers to an interaction between atoms and/or molecules that does not involve the formation of a covalent bond between them.

The term “composition” is intended to encompass a product comprising the specified ingredients in the specified amounts, as well as any product which results, directly or indirectly, from combinations of the specified ingredients in the specified amounts.

The term “subject” as used herein, refers to an animal, preferably a mammal, most preferably a human, who is the object of treatment, observation or experiment.

It is intended that the definition of any substituent or variable at a particular location in a molecule be independent of its definitions elsewhere in that molecule. It is understood that substituents and substitution patterns on the compounds of this invention can be selected by one of ordinary skill in the art to provide compounds that are chemically stable and that can be readily synthesized by techniques known in the art as well as those methods set forth herein.

Metabolic disorders, diseases, or conditions include, but are not limited to, diabetes, obesity, and associated symptoms or complications thereof. They include such conditions as IDDM (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus), NIDDM (non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus), IGT (Impaired Glucose Tolerance), IFG (Impaired Fasting Glucose), Syndrome X (or Metabolic Syndrome), hyperglycemia, elevated blood glucose level, and insulin resistance. A condition such as IGT or IFG is also known as a “prediabetic condition” or “prediabetic state”.

Methods are known in the art for determining effective doses for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes for the disclosed pharmaceutical compositions or the disclosed drug combinations, whether or not formulated in the same composition. For therapeutic purposes, the term “therapeutically effective amount” as used herein, means that amount of each active compound or pharmaceutical agent, alone or in combination, that elicits the biological or medicinal response in a tissue system, animal or human that is being sought by a researcher, veterinarian, medical doctor or other clinician, which includes alleviation of the symptoms of the disease or disorder being treated. For prophylactic purposes (i.e., inhibiting the onset or progression of a disorder), the term “therapeutically effective amount” refers to that amount of each active compound or pharmaceutical agent, alone or in combination, that treats or inhibits in a subject the onset or progression of a disorder as being sought by a researcher, veterinarian, medical doctor or other clinician. Thus, the present invention provides combinations of two or more drugs wherein, for example, (a) each drug is administered in an independently therapeutically or prophylactically effective amount; (b) at least one drug in the combination is administered in an amount that is sub-therapeutic or sub-prophylactic if administered alone, but is therapeutic or prophylactic when administered in combination with the second or additional drugs according to the invention; or (c) both (or more) drugs are administered in an amount that is sub-therapeutic or sub-prophylactic if administered alone, but are therapeutic or prophylactic when administered together.

The term “pharmaceutically acceptable salt” refers to non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable salts (Berge, Bighley et al. 1977; Gould 1986). Other salts well known to those in the art may, however, be useful in the preparation of compounds according to this invention or of their pharmaceutically acceptable salts. Representative organic or inorganic acids include, but are not limited to, hydrochloric, hydrobromic, hydriodic, perchloric, sulfuric, nitric, phosphoric, acetic, propionic, glycolic, lactic, succinic, maleic, fumaric, malic, tartaric, citric, benzoic, mandelic, methanesulfonic, hydroxyethanesulfonic, benzenesulfonic, oxalic, pamoic, 2-naphthalenesulfonic, p-toluenesulfonic, cyclohexanesulfamic, salicylic, saccharinic or trifluoroacetic acid. Representative organic or inorganic bases include, but are not limited to, basic or cationic salts such as benzathine, chloroprocaine, choline, diethanolamine, ethylenediamine, meglumine, procaine, aluminum, calcium, lithium, magnesium, potassium, sodium and zinc.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS

It is to be understood at the outset, that the figures and examples provided herein are to exemplify, and not to limit the invention and its various embodiments.

The present invention includes a crystal comprising a complex of Estrogen Related Receptor alpha (ERR-α), or a fragment, or target structural motif or derivative thereof, and a ligand, wherein the ligand that forms a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α. In a preferred embodiment, the fragment or derivative thereof is a peptide comprising SEQ ID NO:2. In another preferred embodiment, the ligand is Compound 1, or derivatives thereof. In highly preferred embodiment, the crystal has a spacegroup of P6522. In another highly preferred embodiment, the crystal comprises a unit cell consisting of about a=b=103.007 and c=110.017. In yet another highly preferred embodiment, the crystal comprises a complex of SEQ ID NO:2 and Compound 1 comprising an atomic structure characterized by the coordinates of Table 6.

The present invention also includes a crystal comprising a complex of ERR-α and a ligand that forms a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α, in which ERR-α comprises a peptide having at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:2.

In another aspect of the invention, the invention includes a computer system comprising: (a) a database stored on a computer readable storage medium containing information on the three dimensional structure of a crystal comprising a complex of ERR-α, or a fragment or a target structural motif or derivative thereof, and a ligand, wherein the ligand that forms a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α; and, (b) a user interface to view the information. In one embodiment, the information comprises diffraction data obtained from a crystal comprising a complex of SEQ ID NO:2 and a ligand that forms a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α. In a preferred embodiment, the information comprises diffraction data obtained from a crystal comprising a complex of SEQ ID NO:2 and Compound 1, or derivatives thereof. In a highly preferred embodiment, the information comprises diffraction data characterized by the coordinates of Table 6.

In another embodiment, the information comprises an electron density map of a crystal form comprising a complex of SEQ ID NO:2 and a ligand that forms a thioether bond to SEQ ID NO:2. In a preferred embodiment, the information comprises an electron density map of a crystal comprising a complex of SEQ ID NO:2 and Compound 1, or derivatives thereof. In a highly preferred embodiment, the information comprises an electron density map derived from the structure coordinates of Table 6, or homologous structure coordinates comprising a root mean square deviation of non-hydrogen atoms of less than about 1.5 Å when superimposed on the non-hydrogen atom positions of the corresponding atomic coordinates of Table 6. In a preferred embodiment, the information comprises structure coordinates comprising a root mean square deviation of non-hydrogen atoms of less than about 0.75 Å when superimposed on the non-hydrogen atom positions of the corresponding atomic coordinates of Table 6.

The present invention also includes a method of evaluating the potential of a ligand to modulate the activity of ERR-α comprising the steps of: (a) exposing ERR-α to the ligand; and (b) detecting the formation of a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α, thereby evaluating the potential of the ligand to modulate the activity of ERR-α. In one embodiment of the method of the invention described above, the ligand is a virtual compound. In another embodiment the present invention includes a method of evaluating the potential of a ligand to modulate the activity of ERR-α comprising the steps of: (a) comparing the atomic structure of the ligand to the three dimensional structure of a complex of ERR-α and a ligand that forms a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α; and, (b) using the information obtained in step (a) to determine if the ligand could form a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α, thereby evaluating the potential of the ligand to modulate the activity of ERR-α. In a different embodiment the present invention includes a method of evaluating the potential of a ligand to modulate the activity of ERR-α comprising the steps of: (a) comparing the atomic structure of the ligand to the three dimensional structure of a complex of ERR-α and a ligand that forms a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α, wherein the comparing comprises employing a computational means to perform a fitting operation between the ligand and a binding site of ERR-α, wherein the binding site is defined by structure coordinates for Cys325 according to Table 6; and, (b) using the information obtained in step (a) to determine if the ligand could form a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α, thereby evaluating the potential of the ligand to modulate the activity of ERR-α. In a highly preferred embodiment, the present invention includes a method of evaluating the potential of a ligand to modulate the activity of ERR-α comprising the steps of: (a) exposing the ligand to crystalline SEQ ID NO:2; (b) detecting the formation of a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α by determining the three dimensional structure of the complex of SEQ ID NO:2 and the ligand that formed a thioether bond to SEQ ID NO:2; thereby evaluating the potential of the ligand to modulate the activity of ERR-α. In a preferred embodiment, the ligand modulates the activity of ERR-α by functioning as an inverse agonist of ERR-α.

The present invention includes a method of identifying a ligand with the ability to modulate the activity of ERR-α, comprising the step of; (a) using the three dimensional structure of ERR-α cocrystallized with a small molecule that forms a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α to design or select said ligand; (b) designing or selecting said ligand; thereby identifying a ligand with the ability to modulate the activity of ERR-α. In one embodiment, the three dimensional structure corresponds to the atomic structure characterized by the coordinates of Table 6, or similar structure coordinates comprising a root mean square deviation of non-hydrogen atoms of less than about 1.5 Å when superimposed on the non-hydrogen atom positions of the corresponding atomic coordinates of Table 6. In a different embodiment, the method described above further comprises the steps of: (c) synthesizing the ligand; and (d) contacting the ligand with ERR-α. In a preferred embodiment, the ligand is an inverse agonist of ERR-α.

The instant invention comprises a method of locating the attachment site of a small molecule ligand that modulates the activity of ERR-α, comprising the steps of: (a) obtaining X-ray diffraction data for a crystal of ERR-α; (b) obtaining X-ray diffraction data for a complex of ERR-α and small molecule ligand that forms a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α; (c) subtracting the X-ray diffraction data obtained in step (a) from the X-ray diffraction data obtained in step (b) to obtain the difference in the X-ray diffraction data; (d) obtaining phases that correspond to X-ray diffraction data obtained in step (a); (e) utilizing the phases obtained in step (d) and the difference in the X-ray diffraction data obtained in step (c) to compute a difference Fourier image of the small molecule ligand; and, (f) locating the attachment site of the small molecule ligand to ERR-α based on the computations obtained in step (e). In a preferred embodiment, the small molecule ligand is an inverse agonist of ERR-α and the attachment site is Cys325 of ERR-α.

In another aspect of the present invention, the invention includes a method for the production of a crystal complex comprising an ERR-α polypeptide and a ligand that forms a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α, comprising the steps of: (a) contacting the ERR-α polypeptide with said ligand in a suitable solution comprising ammonium sulfate, Pipes pH 6.5 and Na-thiocyanate; and, (b) crystallizing said resulting complex of ERR-α polypeptide and the ligand from said solution. In one embodiment, the ERR-α polypeptide is a polypeptide SEQ ID NO:2. In a preferred embodiment, the ligand is Compound 1, or a derivative thereof.

The invention further includes a method for the production of a crystal comprising a complex of ERR-α and a ligand that forms a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α, wherein the ligand is a small molecule ligand that functions as an inverse agonist of ERR-α, comprising the steps of: (a) contacting and ERR-α polypeptide with said ligand; and, (b) cocrystallizing the polypeptide comprising SEQ ID NO:2 with the ligand; thereby producing the crystal comprising a complex of ERR-α and the ligand that forms the thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α.

The invention includes a method for identifying a ligand that functions as an inverse agonist of ERR-α comprising the steps of: (a) using a three dimensional structure of the complex of ERR-α and Compound 1, as defined by atomic coordinates according to Table 6; (b) replacing one or more ERR-α amino acids in said three-dimensional structure with a different amino acid to produce a modified ERR-α; (c) using said three-dimensional structure to design or select said ligand; (d) synthesizing said ligand; and, (e) contacting said ligand with said modified ERR-α in an assay designed to test the ability of the ligand to modulate the activity of ERR-α or said modified ERR-α. In another embodiment, the ligand identified in the method described above is selected from a database. In a preferred embodiment, the ligand identified in the method described above is designed de novo. In another preferred embodiment, the ligand identified in the method described above is designed from a known inverse agonist or other type of modulator.

Engineered Forms and Fragments

Engineered forms of ERR-α or fragments thereof, for instance engineered forms or fragments comprising active sites defined by two or more amino acids may be prepared by any available means including synthetic or recombinant means. Such fragments may then be used in the assays as described herein, for example, but not limited to, high-throughput assays to detect interactions between prospective ligands and the active site within the fragment.

For recombinant expression or production of the forms or fragments of the invention, nucleic acid molecules encoding the form or fragment may be prepared. Nucleic acid molecules encoding engineered forms or fragments of the invention may differ in sequence because of the degeneracy in the genetic code or may differ in sequence as they encode proteins or protein fragments that differ in amino acid sequence. Homology or sequence identity between two or more such nucleic acid molecules is determined by BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) analysis using the algorithm employed by the programs blastp, blastn, blastx, tblastn and tblastx (Karlin and Altschul 1990) and (Altschul 1993), fully incorporated by reference, which are tailored for sequence similarity searching.

The approach used by the BLAST program is to first consider similar segments between a query sequence and a database sequence, then to evaluate the statistical significance of all matches that are identified and finally to summarize only those matches which satisfy a preselected threshold of significance. For a discussion of basic issues in similarity searching of sequence databases, see (Altschul, Boguski et al. 1994) which is fully incorporated by reference. The search parameters for histogram, descriptions, alignments, expect (i.e., the statistical significance threshold for reporting matches against database sequences), cutoff, matrix and filter are at the default settings. For a discussion of default scoring matrix used by blastp, blastx, tblastn, and tblastx, see (Henikoff 1992).

The encoding nucleic acid molecules of the present invention or fragments thereof (i.e., synthetic oligonucleotides) and those that are used as probes or specific primers for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or to synthesize gene sequences encoding proteins of the invention can easily be synthesized by chemical techniques, for example, the phosphotriester method of (Matteucci and Caruthers 1981) or using automated synthesis methods. In addition, larger DNA segments can readily be prepared by well-known methods, such as synthesis of a group of oligonucleotides that define various modular segments of the gene, followed by ligation of oligonucleotides to build the complete modified gene.

The encoding nucleic acid molecules of the present invention may further be modified so as to contain a detectable label for diagnostic and probe purposes. A variety of such labels are known in the art and can readily be employed with the encoding molecules herein described. Suitable labels include, but are not limited to, biotin, radiolabeled nucleotides and the like. A skilled artisan can employ any of the art-known labels to obtain a labeled encoding nucleic acid molecule.

The present invention further provides recombinant DNA molecules (rDNA) that contain a coding sequence for a protein or protein fragment as described herein. As used herein, an rDNA molecule is a DNA molecule that has been subjected to molecular manipulation. Methods for generating rDNA molecules are well known in the art, for example, see (Sambrook, Fritsch et al. 1989). In the preferred rDNA molecules, a coding DNA sequence is operably linked to expression control sequences and/or vector sequences.

The choice of vector and expression control sequences to which one of the protein encoding sequences of the present invention is operably linked depends directly, as is well known in the art, on the functional properties desired (e.g., protein expression, and the host cell to be transformed). A vector of the present invention may be capable of directing the replication or insertion into the host chromosome, and preferably also expression, of the structural gene included in the rDNA molecule.

Expression control elements that are used for regulating the expression of an operably linked protein encoding sequence are known in the art and include, but are not limited to, inducible promoters, constitutive promoters, secretion signals, and other regulatory elements. Preferably, the inducible promoter is readily controlled, such as being responsive to a nutrient in the host cell's medium.

The present invention further provides host cells transformed with a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a protein or protein fragment of the present invention. The host cell can be either prokaryotic or eukaryotic. Eukaryotic cells useful for expression of a protein of the invention are not limited, so long as the cell line is compatible with cell culture methods and compatible with the propagation of the expression vector and expression of the gene product. Preferred eukaryotic host cells include, but are not limited to, insect, yeast, and mammalian cells. Preferred eukaryotic host cells include Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9 or Sf21) insect cells.

Transformed host cells of the invention may be cultured under conditions that allow the production of the recombinant protein. Optionally the recombinant protein is isolated from the medium or from the cells; recovery and purification of the protein may not be necessary in some instances where some impurities may be tolerated.

Kits may also be prepared with any of the above described nucleic acid molecules, proteins, protein fragments, vector and/or host cells optionally packaged with the reagents needed for a specific assay, such as those described above. In such kits, the protein, protein fragments, or other reagents may be attached to a solid support, such as glass or plastic beads.

High-Throughput Assays

Compound identification methods can be performed using conventional laboratory assay formats or in high-throughput assays, including, but not limited to, those described below.

Immunoassays are a group of techniques used for the measurement of specific biochemical substances, commonly at low concentrations in complex mixtures such as biological fluids. The assays depend upon suitably prepared and selected antibodies with specificity and high affinity for their complementary antigens. A substance to be measured must, of necessity, be antigenic, either an immunogenic macromolecule or a haptenic small molecule. To each sample a known limited amount of specific antibody is added and the fraction of the antigen combining with it; often expressed as the bound:free ratio, is estimated by quantifying the signal from the antibody. Quantification can be achieved with a number of readily identifiable labels and used for various types of assays, including, but not limited to, radioisotopes for radioimmunoassays (RIA), fluorescent molecules for fluoroimmunoassays (FIA), stable free radicals for spin immunoassays, chemiluminescent molecules for chemiluminescent immunoassays (CLIA), colloidal gold particles for immunogold assays, and enzymes for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).

A common immunoassay format is the ELISA, which avoids the hazards of radiochemicals and the expense of fluorescence detection systems. Instead, an ELISA is a form of quantitative immunoassay based on the use of antibodies (or antigens) that may be linked to an insoluble carrier surface, which is then used to “capture” the relevant antigen (or antibody) the test solution. The antigen-antibody complex is then detected by measuring the activity of an appropriate enzyme that can be covalently attached to the capture antigen (or antibody) or to a subsequent “detection” antibody (or antigen). For more information on ELISA techniques, see, for example, (Crowther 1995); (Kemeny (editor) and Challacombe (editor) 1988), (Kemeny 1991), and (Ishikawa 1999).

Colorimetric assays for enzymes are methods of quantitative chemical analysis in which the concentration or amount of a compound is determined by comparing the color produced by the reaction of a reagent with both standard and test amounts of the compound, often using a colorimeter. A colorimeter is a device for measuring color intensity or differences in color intensity, either visually or photoelectrically. Standard colorimetric assays of beta-galactosidase enzymatic activity are well known to those skilled in the art, see for example, (Norton and Coffin 1985). A colorimetric assay can be performed on whole cell lysates using O-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galacto-pyranoside (ONPG, Sigma) as the substrate in a standard colorimetric beta-galactosidase assay (Sambrook, Fritsch et al. 1989). Automated colorimetric assays are also available for the detection of beta-galactosidase activity, as described in U.S. Patent Number (U.S. Pat. No. 5,733,720).

Enzymatic substrates that become fluorescent after being acted upon by an enzyme generally are well known. Such fluorescent substrates typically have two components that are bound to one another through, for example, a covalent chemical bond. One component is a fluorescent molecule that is capable of fluorescing by first accepting light energy and then emitting light energy. The other component is an entity that prevents the fluorescent molecule from accepting or emitting light energy when the two components are covalently bound to one another. In the presence of an appropriate enzyme, the enzyme cleaves the covalent bond between the two components and separates one component from the other to permit the fluorescent molecule to accept and emit light energy. In other words, the enzyme frees the fluorescent molecule and allows it to fluoresce. Ideally, fluorescent substrates should be soluble and stable in aqueous buffers, should have a high affinity for the enzymes that act upon them, and should yield a strong signal upon enzymatic action (U.S. Pat. No. 5,998,593A).

Detecting fluorescence emitted from the fluorescent component of a fluorescent enzyme substrate is typically achieved in two steps. The fluorescent molecule is first excited with light energy and subsequently the fluorescence emitted from the fluorescent component is then detected. Generally, fluorescent molecules can be excited with light energy from, for example, a laser or another suitable light source. Fluorescence is detected with a device designed to detect light energy of a wavelength that is emitted by the fluorescent molecule. Such excitation and emission detection systems generally are designed to operate at particular wavelength ranges (U.S. Pat. No. 5,998,593A).

Time-resolved Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET) unites TRF (Time-Resolved Fluorescence) and FRET (Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer) principles. This combination brings together the low background benefits of TRF with the homogeneous assay format of FRET. Time-resolved fluorometry (TRF) takes advantage of the unique properties of the rare earth elements called lanthanides. Specifically, lanthanides have large Stoke's shifts and extremely long emission half-lives compared to more traditional fluorophores. The commonly used lanthanides in TRF assays are samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), terbium (Tb), and dysprosium (Dy). Lanthanides are complexed with organic moieties that harvest light and transfer it to the lanthanide through intramolecular processes. FRET uses two fluorophores, a donor and an acceptor. Excitation of the donor by an energy source (e.g. flash lamp or fluorometer laser) triggers an energy transfer to the acceptor if they are within a given proximity to each other. The acceptor in turn emits light at its given wavelength. Because of this energy transfer, molecular interactions between biomolecules can be assessed by coupling each partner with a fluorescent label and detecting the level of energy transfer. More importantly acceptor emissions, as a measure of energy transfer, can be detected without the need to separate bound from unbound assay components (Klostermeier and Millar 2001).

Thermofluor® assays detect small changes in the intrinsic melting temperature of proteins based on binding of ligands. Compounds that interact preferentially with the native form of the protein will increase the T_(m), the temperature at which half of the protein is unfolded (Pantoliano, Petrella et al. 2001). The technique monitors changes in the fluorescent intensity of dyes such as 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonic acid (1,8-ANS). The fluorescent dyes are quenched in aqueous environments but increase in fluorescence on binding to the hydrophobic core of denatured proteins.

Modeling the Three-Dimensional Structure of ERR-α

The atomic coordinate data provided in Table 6, or the coordinate data derived from homologous proteins may be used to build a three-dimensional model of ERR-α. Any available computational methods may be used to build the three dimensional model. As a starting point, the X-ray diffraction pattern obtained from the assemblage of the molecules or atoms in a crystalline version of ERR-α or an ERR-α homolog can be used to build an electron density map using tools well known to those skilled in the art of crystallography and X-ray diffraction techniques. Additional phase information extracted either from the diffraction data and available in the published literature and/or from supplementing experiments may then be used to complete the reconstruction.

For basic concepts and procedures of collecting, analyzing, and utilizing X-ray diffraction data for the construction of electron densities see, for example, (Campbell 1984), (Cantor and Schimmel 1980), (Brunger 1993), (Woolfson 1997), (Drenth 1999), (Tsirelson and Ozerov 1996), and U.S. Patent Numbers (U.S. Pat. No. 5,942,428A); (U.S. Pat. No. 6,037,117A); (U.S. Pat. No. 5,200,910A); and (U.S. Pat. No. 5,365,456A), each of which is herein specifically incorporated by reference in their entirety.

For basic information on molecular modeling, see, for example, (Schlecht 1998); (Gans, Amann et al. 1996); (Cohen (editor) 1996); and (Smith 1996). U.S. Patents which provide detailed information on molecular modeling include U.S. Patent Numbers (U.S. Pat. No. 4,906,122A; U.S. Pat. No. 5,030,103A; U.S. Pat. No. 5,583,973A; U.S. Pat. No. 5,612,894A; U.S. Pat. No. 5,994,503A; U.S. Pat. No. 6,071,700A; U.S. Pat. No. 6,075,014A; U.S. Pat. No. 6,075,123A; U.S. Pat. No. 6,080,576A; U.S. Pat. No. 6,093,573A), each of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.

Methods of Using the Atomic Coordinates to Identify and Design Ligands of Interest

The atomic coordinates of the invention, such as those described in Table 6, or coordinates substantially identical to or homologous to those of Table 6 may be used with any available methods to prepare three dimensional models of ERR-α as well as to identify and design ERR-α ligands, inhibitors, antagonists, agonist, or inverse agonist molecules. Such a method provides the amino acid sequence and/or X-ray diffraction data in a form which allows a skilled artisan to analyze and molecular model the three-dimensional structure of ERR-α or related molecules, including a subdomain thereof.

For instance, three-dimensional modeling may be performed using the experimentally determined coordinates derived from X-ray diffraction patterns, such as those in Table 6, for example, wherein such modeling includes, but is not limited to, drawing pictures of the actual structures, building physical models of the actual structures, and determining the structures of related subunits and ERR-α:ligand and ERR-α subunit:ligand complexes using the coordinates. Such molecular modeling can utilize known X-ray diffraction molecular modeling algorithms or molecular modeling software to generate atomic coordinates corresponding to the three-dimensional structure of ERR-α.

As described above, molecular modeling involves the use of computational methods, preferably computer assisted methods, to build realistic models of molecules that are identifiably related in sequence to the known crystal structure. It also involves modeling new small molecules bound to ERR-α starting with the structures of ERR-α and or ERR-α complexed with known ligands or other molecules. The methods utilized in ligand modeling range from molecular graphics (i.e., 3D representations) to computational chemistry (i.e., calculations of the physical and chemical properties) to make predictions about the binding of ligands or activities of ligands; to design new ligands; and to predict novel molecules, including ligands such as drugs, for chemical synthesis, collectively referred to as rational drug design.

One approach to rational drug design is to search for known molecular structures that might bind to an active site. Using molecular modeling, rational drug design programs can look at a range of different molecular structures of drugs that may fit into the active site of an enzyme, and by moving them in a three-dimensional environment it can be decided which structures actually fit the site well.

An alternative but related rational drug design approach starts with the known structure of a complex with a small molecule ligand and models modifications of that small molecule in an effort to make additional favourable interactions with ERR-α.

The present invention includes the use of molecular and computer modeling techniques to design and select and design ligands, such as small molecule ligands that act as agonists, antagonists, inverse agonists or other therapeutic agents that interact with ERR-α. For example, the invention as herein described includes the design of ligands that act as modulators of at least one ERR-α function by binding to all, or a portion of, the active sites or other regions of ERR-α. In a preferred embodiment, the ligand binds to Cys325 of ERR-α. In another preferred embodiment the ligand is an inverse agonist. Similarly, agents that modulate at least one function of ERR-α, whether or not it is bound to another chemical entity, may be designed using the atomic coordinates of ERR-α or complexes comprising ERR-α of this invention.

The atomic coordinates of the present invention also provide the needed information to probe a crystal of ERR-α with molecules composed of a variety of different chemical features to determine optimal sites for interaction between candidate modulators of ERR-α activity and ERR-α. For example, high resolution X-ray diffraction data collected from crystals saturated with solvent allows the determination of where each type of solvent molecule sticks. Small molecules that bind to those sites can then be designed and synthesized and tested for their ability to modulate activity (Travis 1993).

The present invention also includes methods for computationally screening small molecule databases and libraries for chemical entities, agents, ligands, or compounds that can bind in whole, or in part, to ERR-α. In this screening, the quality of fit of such entities or compounds to the binding site or sites may be judged either by shape complementarity or by estimated interaction energy (Meng, Shoichet et al. 1992).

The design of ligands that bind to, promote or inhibit the functional activity of ERR-α according to this invention generally involves consideration of two factors. First, the compound must be capable of physically and structurally associating with ERR-α. In addition to the covalent interaction described herein, non-covalent molecular interactions important in the association of ERR-α with the ligand include hydrogen bonding, van der Waals and hydrophobic interactions. Second, the ligand must be able to assume a conformation that allows it to associate with ERR-α. Although certain portions of the ligand may not directly participate in the association with ERR-α, those portions may still influence the overall conformation of the molecule. This, in turn, may have a significant impact on binding affinities, therapeutic efficacy, drug-like qualities and potency of the ligand. Such conformational requirements include the overall three-dimensional structure and orientation of the ligand in relation to all or a portion of the active site or other region of ERR-α, or the spacing between functional groups of a ligand comprising several chemical entities that directly interact with ERR-α.

The potential, predicted, agonist, antagonist, inverse agonist, or binding effect of a ligand or other compound on ERR-α may be analyzed prior to its actual synthesis and testing by the use of computer modeling techniques. If the theoretical structure of the given ligand suggests insufficient interaction and association between it and ERR-α, synthesis and testing of the ligand may be obviated. If computer modeling indicates a strong interaction, however, the molecule may then be synthesized and tested for its ability to interact with ERR-α. In this manner, synthesis of inoperative ligand may be avoided. In some cases, inactive ligands are synthesized predicted on modeling and then tested to develop a SAR (structure-activity relationship) for compounds interacting with a specific region of ERR-α.

One skilled in the art may use one of several methods to screen chemical entities, fragments, compounds, or other agents for use as ligands based on their ability to associate with ERR-α and more particularly their ability to associate with the individual binding pockets or active sites of ERR-α. This process may begin by visual inspection of, for example, the active site on the computer screen based on the atomic coordinates of ERR-α or ERR-α complexed with a ligand. Selected chemical entities, compounds, or agents may then be positioned in a variety of orientations, or docked within an individual binding pocket of ERR-α. Docking may be accomplished using software such as QUANTA, available from Accelrys, Inc., San Diego, Calif.; and SYBYL, available for Tripos, St. Louis, Mo.; followed by energy minimization and molecular dynamics with standard molecular mechanics forcefields, such as CHARMm; available from Accelrys, Inc., San Diego, Calif.; and AMBER, University of California, San Francisco.

Specialized computer programs may also assist in the process of selecting chemical entities. These include but are not limited to: GRID (Goodford 1985), available from Oxford University, Oxford, UK); MCSS (Miranker and Karplus 1991), available from Molecular Simulations, Burlington, Mass.; AUTODOCK (Goodsell and Olsen 1990), available from Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, Calif.; and DOCK (Kuntz, Blaney et al. 1982), available from University of California, San Francisco, Calif.

The use of software such as GRID, a program that determines probable interaction sites between probes with various functional group characteristics and the macromolecular surface, is used to analyze the surface sites to determine structures of similar inhibiting proteins or compounds. The GRID calculations, with suitable inhibiting groups on molecules (e.g., protonated primary amines) as the probe, are used to identify potential hotspots around accessible positions at suitable energy contour levels. The program DOCK may be used to analyze an active site or ligand-binding site and suggest ligands with complementary steric properties.

Once suitable chemical entities, compounds, or agents have been selected as potential ligands, they can be assembled into a single ligand, compound, antagonist (inhibitor), agonist (activator), or inverse agonist. Assembly may proceed by visual inspection of the relationship of the fragments to each other on the three-dimensional image. This may be followed by manual model building using software such as QUANTA or SYBYL.

Useful programs to aid in connecting the individual chemical entities, compounds, or agents include but are not limited to: CAVEAT (Bartlett, Shea et al. 1989); 3D Database systems such as MACCS-3D (Martin 1992), available from MDL Information Systems, San Leandro, Calif.; and HOOK, available from Molecular Simulations, Burlington, Mass.

Several methodologies for searching three-dimensional databases to test pharmacophore hypotheses and select compounds for screening are available. These include the program CAVEAT (Bacon and Moult 1992). For instance, CAVEAT uses databases of cyclic compounds which can act as “spacers” to connect any number of chemical fragments already positioned in the active site. This allows one skilled in the art to quickly generate hundreds of possible ways to connect the fragments already known or suspected to be necessary for tight binding.

Instead of proceeding to build an inhibitor, activator, agonist, antagonist, or inverse agonist of ERR-α in a step-wise fashion, one chemical entity at a time as described above, such ligands may be designed as a whole or “de novo” using either an empty active site or optionally including some portion(s) of a known molecule(s). These methods include: LUDI (Bohm 1992), available from Biosym Technologies, San Diego, Calif.; LEGEND (Nishibata and Itai 1991), available from Molecular Simulations, Burlington, Mass.; and LeapFrog, available from Tripos Associates, St. Louis, Mo., USA.

For example, the program LUDI can determine a list of interaction sites into which to place both hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic fragments. LUDI then uses a library of linkers to connect up to four different interaction sites into fragments. Then smaller “bridging” groups such as —CH₂— and —COO— are used to connect these fragments. For the enzyme DHFR, the placements of key functional groups in the well-known inhibitor methotrexate were reproduced by LUDI. See also, (Rotstein and Murcko 1993).

Other molecular modeling techniques may also be employed in accordance with this invention. See, e.g., (Cohen, Blaney et al. 1990). See also, (Navia and Murcko 1992).

Once a ligand has been designed or selected by the above methods, the affinity with which that ligand may bind or associate with ERR-α may be tested and optimized by computational evaluation and/or by testing biological activity after synthesizing the compound. Ligands may interact with the ERR-α in more than one conformation that is similar in overall binding energy. In those cases, the deformation energy of binding is taken to be the difference between the energy of the free ligand and the average energy of the conformations observed when the ligand binds to ERR-α.

A ligand designed or selected as binding or associating with ERR-α may be further computationally optimized so that in its bound state it would preferably lack repulsive electrostatic interaction with ERR-α. Such non-complementary (e.g., electrostatic) interactions include repulsive charge-charge, dipole-dipole and charge-dipole interactions. Specifically, the sum of all electrostatic interactions between the compound and ERR-α when the compound is bound, preferably make a neutral or favourable contribution to the enthalpy of binding. Weak binding compounds will also be designed by these methods so as to determine SAR.

Specific computer software is available in the art to evaluate compound deformation energy and electrostatic interaction. Examples of programs designed for such uses include: Gaussian 92, revision C (Frisch, Trucks et al. 1992); AMBER, University of California, San Francisco; QUANTA and CHARMm, available from Accelrys, Inc., San Diego, Calif.; and Insight II/Discover, from Biosysm Technologies Inc., San Diego, Calif., USA. Other hardware systems and software packages will be known to those skilled in the art.

Once a ligand that associates with ERR-α has been optimally selected or designed, as described above, substitutions may then be made in some of its atoms or side groups in order to improve or modify its binding properties. Generally, initial substitutions are conservative, i.e., the replacement group will have approximately the same size, shape, hydrophobicity and charge as the original group. It should, of course, be understood that components known in the art to alter conformation may be avoided. Such substituted ligands may then be analyzed for efficiency of fit to ERR-α by the same computer methods described in detail, above.

Use of Homology Structure Modeling to Design Ligands with Modulated Binding or Activity to ERR-α.

The present invention includes the use of the atomic coordinates and structures of ERR-α complexed with a ligand that forms a thioether bond to Cys325 of ERR-α to design modifications to starting ligands and derivatives thereof that will bind more tightly or interact more specifically to the target enzyme.

The structure of a complex between the ERR-α and the starting ligand can be used to guide the modification of that ligand to produce new ligands that have other desirable properties for applicable industrial and other uses (e.g., as pharmaceuticals), such as chemical stability, solubility or membrane permeability. (Lipinski, Lombardo et al. 1997).

Binding ligands, that act as agonists, antagonists, or inverse agonists and such that are known in the art can be diffused into or soaked with the stabilized crystals of ERR-α to form a complex for collecting X-ray diffraction data. Alternatively, ligands known and unknown in the art can be cocrystallized with ERR-α by mixing the ligand with ERR-α before crystallization.

To produce custom high affinity and very specific compounds, the structure of ERR-α can be compared to the structure of a selected non-targeted molecule and a hybrid constructed by changing the structure of residues at the binding site for a ligand for the residues at the same positions of the non-target molecule. The process whereby this modeling is achieved is referred to as homology structure modeling. This is done computationally by removing the side chains from the molecule or target of known structure and replacing them with the side chains of the unknown structure put in sterically plausible positions. In this way it can be understood how the shapes of the active site cavities of the targeted and non-targeted molecules differ. This process, therefore, provides information concerning how a bound ligand can be chemically altered in order to produce compounds that will bind tightly and specifically to the desired target but will simultaneously be sterically prevented from binding to the non-targeted molecule. Likewise, knowledge of portions of the bound ligands that are facing to the solvent would allow introduction of other functional groups for additional pharmaceutical purposes. The use of homology structure modeling to design ligands that bind more tightly to the target enzyme than to the non-target enzyme has wide spread applicability.

Databases and Computer Systems

An amino acid sequence or nucleotide sequence of ERR-α and/or X-ray diffraction data, useful for computer molecular modeling of ERR-α or a portion thereof, can be provided in a variety of mediums to facilitate use thereof. In one application of this embodiment, databases comprising data pertaining to X-ray diffraction data for a complex of ERR-α and a ligand that forms a thioether bond with Cys325 of ERR-α, or at least one ERR-α subdomain thereof, is recorded on computer readable medium. A skilled artisan can readily appreciate how any of the presently known computer readable media can be used to create a manufacture comprising computer readable medium having recorded thereon data pertaining to X-ray diffraction data of the present invention.

A variety of data storage structures are available to a skilled artisan for creating a computer readable medium having recorded thereon an amino acid sequence and/or atomic coordinate/X-ray diffraction data of the present invention. The choice of the data storage structure will generally be based on the means chosen to access the stored information. In addition, a variety of data processor programs and formats can be used to store the sequence and X-ray data information of the present invention on computer readable media. The sequence information can be represented in a word processing text file, formatted in commercially-available software such as WordPerfect and MICROSOFT Word, or represented in the form of an ASCII file, stored in a database application, such as DB2, Sybase, Oracle, or the like. A skilled artisan can readily adapt any number of dataprocessor structuring formats (e.g., text file or database) in order to obtain computer readable media having recorded thereon the information of the present invention.

By providing computer readable media having sequence and/or atomic coordinates based on X-ray diffraction data, a skilled artisan can routinely access the sequence and atomic coordinate or X-ray diffraction data to model a related molecule, a subdomain, mimetic, or a ligand thereof. Computer algorithms are publicly and commercially available which allow a skilled artisan to access this data provided in a computer readable medium and analyze it for molecular modeling and/or RDD (rational drug design). See, e.g., (Mary Ann Liebert (Publishers) 1995).

The present invention further provides systems, particularly computer-based systems, which contain the sequence and/or diffraction data described herein. Such systems are designed to do structure determination and RDD for ERR-α or at least one subdomain thereof. Non-limiting examples are microcomputer workstations available from Silicon Graphics Incorporated and Sun Microsystems running UNIX based, Windows NT or IBM OS/2 operating systems.

A variety of comparing means can also be used to compare a target sequence or target motif with the data storage means to identify structural motifs or electron density maps derived in part from the atomic coordinate/X-ray diffraction data. A skilled artisan can readily recognize that any one of the publicly available computer modeling programs can be used as the search means for the computer-based systems of the present invention.

Integrated Procedures which Utilize the Present Invention

Molecular modeling is provided by the present invention for rational drug design (RDD) of mimetics and ligands that form a thioether bond with Cys325 of ERR-α. As described above, the drug design paradigm uses computer-modeling programs to determine potential mimetics and ligands which are expected to interact with sites on the protein. The potential mimetics or ligands are then screened for activity and/or binding and/or interaction. For ERR-α-related mimetics or ligands, screening methods can be selected from assays for at least one biological activity of ERR-α.

Thus, the tools and methodologies provided by the present invention may be used in procedures for identifying and designing ligands which bind in desirable ways with the target. Such procedures utilize an iterative process whereby ligands are synthesized, tested and characterized. New ligands can be designed based on the information gained in the testing and characterization of the initial ligands and then such newly identified ligands can themselves be tested and characterized. This series of processes may be repeated as many times as necessary to obtain ligands with the desirable binding properties.

The following steps (1-7) serve as an example of the overall procedure:

-   -   1. A biological activity of a target is selected.     -   2. A ligand is identified that appears to be in some way         associated with the chosen biological activity (e.g., the ligand         may be an agonist, antagonist, or inverse agonist of a known         activity). The activity of the ligand may be tested by in vivo         and/or in vitro methods. A ligand of the present invention can         be, but is not limited to, at least one selected from a lipid, a         nucleic acid, a compound, a protein, an element, an antibody, a         saccharide, an isotope, a carbohydrate, an imaging agent, a         lipoprotein, a glycoprotein, an enzyme, a detectable probe, and         antibody or fragment thereof, or any combination thereof, which         can be detectably labeled as for labeling antibodies. Such         labels include, but are not limited to, enzymatic labels,         radioisotope or radioactive compounds or elements, fluorescent         compounds or metals, chemiluminescent compounds and         bioluminescent compounds. Alternatively, any other known         diagnostic or therapeutic agent can be used in a method of the         invention. Suitable compounds are then tested for activities in         relationship to the target. Complexes between ERR-α and ligands         are made either by co-crystallization or more commonly by         diffusing the ligand into the crystal. X-ray diffraction data         from the crystal complex are measured and a difference electron         density map is calculated. This process provides the precise         location of the bound ligand on the target molecule. The         difference Fourier is calculated using measure diffraction         amplitudes and the phases of these reflections calculated from         the coordinates.     -   3. Using the methods of the present invention, X-ray         crystallography is utilized to create electron density maps         and/or molecular models of the interaction of the ligand with         the target molecule. The entry of the coordinates of the target         into the computer programs discussed above results in the         calculation of most probable structure of the macromolecule.         These structures are combined and refined by additional         calculations using such programs to determine the probable or         actual three-dimensional structure of the target including         potential or actual active or binding sites of ligands. Such         molecular modeling (and related) programs useful for rational         drug design of ligands or mimetics are also provided by the         present invention.     -   4. The electron density maps and/or molecular models obtained in         Step 3 are compared to the electron density maps and/or         molecular models of a non-ligand containing target and the         observed/calculated differences are used to specifically locate         the binding of the ligand on the target or subunit.     -   5. Modeling tools, such as computational chemistry and computer         modeling, are used to adjust or modify the structure of the         ligand so that it can make additional or different interactions         with the target. The ligand design uses computer-modeling         programs which calculate how different molecules interact with         the various sites of the target, subunit, or a fragment thereof.         Thus, this procedure determines potential ligands or ligand         mimetics.     -   6. The newly designed ligand from Step 5 can be tested for its         biological activity using appropriate in vivo or in vitro tests,         including but not limited to the high-throughput screening         methods discussed above. The potential ligands or mimetics are         then screened for activity relating to ERR-α, or at least a         fragment thereof. Such screening methods are selected from         assays for at least one biological activity of the native         target. The resulting ligands or mimetics, provided by methods         of the present invention, are useful for treating, screening or         preventing diseases in animals, such as mammals (including         humans).     -   7. Of course, each of the above steps can be modified as desired         by those of skill in the art so as to refine the procedure for         the particular goal in mind. Also, additional X-ray diffraction         data may be collected on ERR-α, ERR-α/ligand complexes, ERR-α         structural target motifs and ERR-α subunit/ligand complexes at         any step or phase of the procedure. Such additional diffraction         data can be used to reconstruct electron density maps and         molecular models, which may further assist in the design and         selection of ligands with the desirable binding attributes.

It is to be understood that the present invention is considered to include stereoisomers as well as optical isomers, e.g., mixtures of enantiomers as well as individual enantiomers and diastereomers, which arise as a consequence of structural asymmetry in selected compounds, ligands or mimetics of the present series.

Some of the ligands disclosed or discovered by the methods herein may contain one or more asymmetric centers and thus give rise to enantiomers, diastereomers, and other stereoisomeric forms. The present invention is also meant to encompass all such possible forms as well as their racemic and resolved forms and mixtures thereof. When the ligands described or discovered herein contain olefinic double bonds or other centers of geometric asymmetry, and unless otherwise specified, it is intended to include both E and Z geometric isomers. All tautomers are intended to be encompassed by the present invention as well.

EXAMPLES

Without further description, it is believed that one of ordinary skill in the art can, using the preceding description and the following illustrative examples, make and utilize the present invention and practice the claimed methods. The following working examples therefore, specifically point out preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting in any way the remainder of the disclosure.

Protein Cloning, Expression and Purification

The ligand binding domain of human ERR-α (amino acids 290-519 of Swiss-Prot P11474, SEQ ID NO:1) was subcloned into pDEST (Novagen) to produce a construct with a PreScission protease cleavage site for cleavage of an included N-terminal His tag (SEQ ID NO:2). The plasmid was co-transfected with linearized baculovirus DNA into Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) insect cells and the baculovirus was amplified and purified from plaques from a titer 1−2×10⁸ pfu/mL. Sf9 cells were maintained in ESF 921 media (Expression Systems. LLC, Woodland, Calif.) and grown in 2 L Erlenmeyer flasks at 27° C. The insect cells at a cell density of 1.5×10⁶ cells/mL were infected with the baculovirus at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1. Cells were harvested 3 days post-infection by centrifugation at 1200×g, rinsed with PBS supplemented with protease inhibitors and stored at −80° C. until further use. Expression level of the protein was confirmed by Western blots using anti-His antibody.

For purification, the cells containing recombinant human ERR-α were suspended in 25 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0, 0.5 M NaCl, 10 mM imidazole, 0.6 mM PMSF, 10 mM β-mercaptoethanol (buffer A) supplemented with Complete Protease Inhibitor Cocktail (Roche). The suspension was sonicated using Branson-450 sonicator and clarified by centrifugation at 100,000×g for 1 hour. The supernatant was applied onto 5 ml Ni-NTA column (QIAGEN) pre-equilibrated in buffer A. The column was washed with 10 column volumes of 50 mM imidazole in buffer A, and developed by 250 mM imidazole in buffer A. The elution fractions containing ERR-α were pooled and dialyzed 0/N against 25 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0, 50 mM NaCl, 5 mM dithiothreitol (buffer B). After dialysis, the protein was loaded on MonoQ 10/10 (GE Healthcare) and the column was developed by 50-1000 mM linear gradient of NaCl in buffer B. The ERR-α was eluted at about 300 mM NaCl and its purity was greater than 95% as judged by SDS-PAGE. Finally, the ERR-α was concentrated to 17 mg/ml at 2× molar access of the Compound 1, and delivered for crystallization in 25 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0, 0.3 M NaCl, 5 mM dithiothreitol.

Crystallization and Data Collection

Using a hanging drop vapor diffusion method, crystals formed at 277° K in a drop solution containing a 1:1 ratio of the solution of the ERR-α protein and Compound 1 complex and a solution containing 1.4 M ammonium sulfate, 100 mM Pipes pH 6.5 and 200 mM Na-thiocyanate. The drop was suspended over a the same solution used to make the drop, the solution containing 1.4 M ammonium sulfate, 100 mM Pipes pH 6.5 and 200 mM Na-thiocyanate.

The crystals were transferred to a cryoprotectant solution containing 1.4 M ammonium sulfate, 100 mM Pipes pH 6.5, 200 mM Na-thiocyanate and 25% glycerol. The crystals were then mounted and quickly frozen by immersion in liquid nitrogen. X-ray diffraction data to a resolution of 2.0 Å were collected on a Bruker AXS Proteum 6000 detector. Diffraction data was indexed, integrated and scaled using the Proteum Processing Program suite from Bruker AXS. Under these conditions, the crystals belong to the P6522 space group, with unit cell parameters a=b=103, c=110 Å, α=β=90 and γ=120. The structure was determined by molecular replacement with CNX (Brunger, Adams et al. 1998) using the crystal structure of ERR-α in complex with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator-1 (PGC1-α, pdb id 1XB7) as the search model (Kallen, Schlaeppi et al. 2004). Model building was done using the program O (Jones, Zou et al. 1991) and Coot (Emsley and Cowtan 2004). Refinement and map calculations were carried out using PHENIX (Adams, Grosse-Kunstleve et al. 2002). The final structure was refined to an Rfactor of 21.1 and Rfree of 24.9. Inspection of the electron density map revealed that Compound 1 bound between helices 3 and 11 of ERR-α.

TABLE 1 Crystal and Refinement Parameters Parameter BPA Unit cell, Å a = b = 103.007 c = 110.017 Resolution, Å 2 Completeness, % 99.92 Rmerge^(¥), %   10 (44.6) <I>/<_(σ1)> 8.20 (2.18) Rfactor^(#), % 21.1 Rfreel^(¶), % 24.9 Values in parenthesis refer to the highest resolution shell ^(¥)R_(merge) = Σ_(hkl) Σ₁ (|I₁ − <I>|/<I>), where I₁ is an individual intensity measurement and <I> is the average intensity for this reflection, with summation over all data. ^(#)Rfactor = Σ||F_(o)| − |F_(c)||/Σ|F_(o)|. ^(¶)10% of the total reflections withheld. X-Ray Structure Discussion

A comparison between the crystal structure of the complex of ERR-α and Compound 1 and the previously determined crystal structure of the complex of ERR-α and PGC1-α showed conserved arrangement of secondary structural elements throughout most of the structure (FIG. 1A). The excellent data quality obtained from the complex of ERR-α and Compound 1 allowed unambiguous placement of Compound 1 in the electron density (FIG. 2A). The positions of the sulfurs of Cys325 and the thiazole of Compound 1 were validated by the calculation of a sulfur anomalous map (FIG. 2B). Anomalous signal from all other cysteines and methionines throughout the protein were also observed. Secondary structure rearrangement upon Compound 1 binding included the displacement of helix 11 and helix 12. The side chains of residues F328 and F495 must move to accommodate the ligand as shown on FIG. 1B. The structure of the complex of ERR-α and Compound 1 also showed helix 12 occupying the position of the activation peptide. Some shifting was also observed on helix 3 and its side chains to make room for Compound 1 and maximize its interactions with helix 12.

ERR-α Covalent Modification

Inspection of the binding site and protein-ligand interactions revealed Compound 1 binding covalently to the protein by a thioether bond between the carbon C5 of the Compound 1 and the sulfur from Cys325. The distance between the sulfur of Cys325 and carbon C6 is 2.44 Å, consistent with a covalent bond. The double bond between C6 and C7 of the Compound 1 must reduce in order to allow C6 to covalently link the protein. A measurement of this distance is 1.55 Å, consistent with a carbon-carbon single bond distance and evidence that covalent modification occurred.

Other Interactions Observed and to be Explored

The hydrophobic pocket of ERR-α presents a few polar groups within H-bond distance to Compound 1 that could be explored in further optimization to develop additional ligands. These residues include E331, R372, F382-carbonyl and L324-carbonyl (Table 2). The carbonyl of F382 hydrogen bonds (3.41 Å) with N2 in the cyano. The carbons C13 and C14 of the 3-Trifluoromethyl-benzonitrile are close enough to the carbonyl of L324 that an H-donor substitution would take advantage of the proximity to this residue. The cyano group of Compound 1 is 3.2 Å from R372, another proton donor. Substituting the cyano with an electronegative atom could potentially optimize this part of the molecule.

TABLE 2 List of contacts between ERR-α and Compound 1 within a distance of 3.5 Å

Source atoms target atoms distance Å Leu 324A CB . . . Lig 1I O02 . . . 3.42 Leu 324A O . . . Lig 1I C19 . . . 3.28 Cys 325A CB . . . Lig 1I C06 . . . 3.36 Cys 325A SG . . . Lig 1I C07 . . . 2.94 . . . Lig 1I C12 . . . 3.48 . . . Lig 1I C05 . . . 3.15 . . . Lig 1I C06 . . . 2.44 . . . Lig 1I C04 . . . 3.24 Phe 328A CG . . . Lig 1I C14 . . . 3.40 . . . Lig 1I C15 . . . 3.17 Phe 328A CD1 . . . Lig 1I C14 . . . 3.39 Phe 328A CD2 . . . Lig 1I C15 . . . 3.33 Glu 331A CG . . . Lig 1I N23 . . . 3.29 Arg 372A NH2 . . . Lig 1I N23 . . . 3.21*** Phe 382A O . . . Lig 1I N23 . . . 3.41* Ala 396A O . . . Lig 1I C01 . . . 3.27 Leu 398A CD2 . . . Lig 1I O02 . . . 3.28 . . . Lig 1I C01 . . . 3.40 Val 491A CG1 . . . Lig 1I F27 . . . 3.19 Phe 495A CZ . . . Lig 1I C03 . . . 3.33 . . . Lig 1I C16 . . . 3.19 . . . Lig 1I O17 . . . 3.33 Met 506A CE . . . Lig 1I C14 . . . 3.40 . . . Lig 1I C15 . . . 3.30 ***indicates strong hydrogen bonds LC/MS Experiments

To monitor the kinetics of association and dissociation for ligands that formed a complex with ERR-α by forming a covalent bond to Cys325 of ERR-α, LC/MS detection was employed. LC analysis was performed on an Agilent 1100 LC system that was in line with an Agilent MSD TOF for mass detection. Software provided by the vendor was used to deconvolute the ESI positive ion quadrupole time-of-flight spectra. To measure association rates, typically a 1 μM ERR-α solution was mixed with an equal volume of a 2 μM ligand solution. 20 uL aliquots of the mixed solutions were removed at time zero and at regular defined time intervals and diluted out in 100 μL of a 0.1% TFA, 10% CH₃CN solution to quench the reaction. 50 μL samples of the diluted analyte were processed on the LC/MS instrument. Similarly, for determination of the dissociation rates, the mixed solutions of ERR-α and the ligand were first equilibrated up to one hour to allow formation of the complex. At time 0, a 20-fold excess of a competing ligand (Compound 2) was added and aliquots were removed and processed as described for the association rate experiments. Final concentrations for the ligand, ERR-α, and the competing ligand were 1 μM, 0.5 μM, and 20 μM, respectively. All experiments were carried out in buffer containing 25 mM HEPES, pH 7.9, 200 mM KCl and 3% DMSO at 37° C.

For the apo form of ERR-α, a mass of 27042 was detected, corresponding to an amino acid sequence where the initiator methionine is cleaved followed by N-terminal acetylation. This is the “Expected Mass” shown in Table 3. When the ERR-α protein was incubated with a ligand that formed a covalent bond to Cys325 of ERR-α, there was a time dependent increase in the mass of the protein equal to the mass of the compound+1 amu (Table 3).

TABLE 3 Observed mass changes for 2 ligands that formed a complex with ERR-α Expected Observed Mass Ligand Compound Mass Mass Difference Mass Compound Structure Number (daltons) (daltons) (daltons) (daltons)

Compound 1 27042 27461 419 420.0392

Compound 2 27042 27494 452 453.0494

The progress of the reaction was expressed as a fraction of the integrated areas observed for the expected mass (27042 amu) and observed mass (27042+compound amu−1) with the following expression:

${{progress}\mspace{14mu}{of}\mspace{14mu}{reaction}} = \frac{{area}\mspace{14mu}{of}\mspace{14mu}{observed}\mspace{14mu}{mass}}{\begin{matrix} {{{area}\mspace{14mu}{of}\mspace{14mu}{observed}\mspace{14mu}{mass}} +} \\ {{area}\mspace{14mu}{of}\mspace{14mu}{expected}\mspace{14mu}{mass}} \end{matrix}}$

Similarly for the experiments to measure dissociation rates, incubation of a complex of ERR-α and a ligand with the competing ligand resulted in a time dependent change in the mass of the complex of ERR-α and the ligand, equal to the mass difference of the ligand and the competing ligand. To standardize the experiments to measure dissociation rates for different ligands, the same competing ligand (Compound 2) was used in all experiments. The progress of the reaction was also expressed as a fraction of the area observed for the complex of ERR-α and the competing ligand over the sum of total area for the complex of ERR-α with the ligand and the complex of ERR-α with the competing ligand.

Association and dissociation rates for ligands were determined by fitting fractional values obtained for the progress of the reaction as a function of time using a single exponential equation progress of reaction=e ^(−kt)

where k is the apparent rate constant. For the dissociation experiments, the reaction is assumed to be first order and dissociation rates, k_(d), are expressed as s⁻¹. For the association rates, k^(a), the reaction is assumed to be second order and the rates are expressed as M⁻¹ s⁻¹ by dividing the apparent rate constants by the concentration of the protein determined by experimental conditions (Table 4). Apparent half-lives (t_(0.5)) were calculated using the equation:

$t_{0.5} = \frac{0.693}{kd}$

TABLE 4 Kinetic rate constants for ligands that formed a complex with ERR-α Dissociation rates determined with 20-fold excess Compound 2 as a competing ligand Compound k_(a) k_(d) Compound Structure Number M⁻¹ s⁻¹ s⁻¹

Compound 1 6600 1.10 × 10⁻⁵

Compound 3 Not Determined 1.53 × 10⁻⁵

Compound 4 Not Determined 2.19 × 10⁻⁵

Compound 5 Not Determined 2.05 × 10⁻⁵ TR-FRET Assay

Time-resolved Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET) experiments were performed to examine the functional activity of the ERR-α ligands. The components of this homogeneous secondary assay included: the purified ERR-α protein (SEQ ID NO:2), a GST-labeled-hSRC2 co-activator polypeptide, and a fluorescent donor/acceptor pair from CIS bio international htrf/bioassays (Bedford, Mass.) using both an α-GST Europium Cryptate (Eu) label and an α⁶His-XL665 (allophycocyanin) fluorophore.

For TR-FRET measurements, the reaction was buffered in 25 mM Tris pH 8, 2.5 mM Hepes, 20 mM KCl, 1 mM DTT, and 0.05 mg/mL BSA (-lipids). The final concentrations of reagents were 6 nM of ERR-α protein, 6 nM GST-SRC-2 peptide, 30 nM Eu cryptate, and 7.5 nM XL665. Reactions were allowed to reach equilibrium at 25° C. for 4-18 hours before collecting data on the Analyst from LJL Biosystems (Molecular Devices Sunnyvale, Calif.). As a time-resolved method, the samples were excited at 340 nM and emission was collected for 1 ms at both 615 and 665 nm with delays of 400 and 75 μs, respectively. Dose response curves were fitted using a hyperbolic equation and the data reported in Table 5 is the average of three independent experiments.

TABLE 5 EC50 values determined by TR-FRET measurements Compound Compound Structure Number EC50 (nM)

Compound 1 54

Compound 2 11

TABLE 6 Coordinates for crystal structure of the complex of ERR-α and Compound 1 CRYST1 103.007 103.007 110.017 90.00 90.00 120.00 P 65 2 2 SCALE1 0.009708 0.005605 0.000000 0.00000 SCALE2 0.000000 0.011210 0.000000 0.00000 SCALE3 0.000000 0.000000 0.009090 0.00000 ATOM 1 CB HIS A 280 22.940 21.391 17.566 1.00 25.58 A C ATOM 2 CG HIS A 280 21.544 21.696 17.118 1.00 23.84 A C ATOM 3 CD2 HIS A 280 20.344 21.364 17.648 1.00 24.17 A C ATOM 4 ND1 HIS A 280 21.271 22.448 15.990 1.00 28.34 A N ATOM 5 CE1 HIS A 280 19.963 22.557 15.845 1.00 27.40 A C ATOM 6 NE2 HIS A 280 19.375 21.909 16.837 1.00 27.33 A N ATOM 7 C HIS A 280 25.289 20.755 16.965 1.00 21.27 A C ATOM 8 O HIS A 280 25.430 19.936 17.872 1.00 17.88 A O ATOM 9 N HIS A 280 23.397 19.993 15.595 1.00 34.65 A N ATOM 10 CA HIS A 280 23.905 21.085 16.419 1.00 25.98 A C ATOM 11 N HIS A 281 26.308 21.409 16.420 1.00 19.22 A N ATOM 12 CA HIS A 281 27.685 21.080 16.764 1.00 19.90 A C ATOM 13 CB HIS A 281 28.556 21.123 15.518 1.00 18.01 A C ATOM 14 CG HIS A 281 28.150 20.134 14.477 1.00 24.32 A C ATOM 15 CD2 HIS A 281 27.629 18.889 14.587 1.00 25.01 A C ATOM 16 ND1 HIS A 281 28.249 20.389 13.125 1.00 31.11 A N ATOM 17 CE1 HIS A 281 27.819 19.338 12.450 1.00 27.61 A C ATOM 18 NE2 HIS A 281 27.440 18.414 13.314 1.00 27.91 A N ATOM 19 C HIS A 281 28.279 21.970 17.855 1.00 22.70 A C ATOM 20 O HIS A 281 29.413 21.744 18.294 1.00 13.09 A O ATOM 21 N LEU A 282 27.514 22.980 18.270 1.00 16.02 A N ATOM 22 CA LEU A 282 27.905 23.856 19.367 1.00 14.99 A C ATOM 23 CB LEU A 282 28.083 23.045 20.650 1.00 15.69 A C ATOM 24 CG LEU A 282 26.922 22.138 21.057 1.00 16.92 A C ATOM 25 CD1 LEU A 282 27.340 21.212 22.192 1.00 20.99 A C ATOM 26 CD2 LEU A 282 25.730 22.971 21.460 1.00 19.45 A C ATOM 27 C LEU A 282 29.184 24.642 19.076 1.00 15.48 A C ATOM 28 O LEU A 282 29.837 25.139 19.998 1.00 13.42 A O ATOM 29 N GLU A 283 29.537 24.772 17.801 1.00 11.87 A N ATOM 30 CA GLU A 283 30.759 25.485 17.443 1.00 13.95 A C ATOM 31 CB GLU A 283 31.047 25.331 15.956 1.00 20.90 A C ATOM 32 CG GLU A 283 31.088 23.869 15.523 1.00 23.92 A C ATOM 33 CD GLU A 283 32.328 23.537 14.729 1.00 28.45 A C ATOM 34 OE1 GLU A 283 33.070 22.625 15.149 1.00 35.17 A O ATOM 35 OE2 GLU A 283 32.570 24.191 13.693 1.00 36.58 A O ATOM 36 C GLU A 283 30.776 26.966 17.847 1.00 14.78 A C ATOM 37 O GLU A 283 31.844 27.555 18.007 1.00 11.19 A O ATOM 38 N VAL A 284 29.606 27.568 18.022 1.00 12.37 A N ATOM 39 CA VAL A 284 29.553 28.968 18.444 1.00 14.42 A C ATOM 40 CB VAL A 284 28.104 29.518 18.479 1.00 16.39 A C ATOM 41 CG1 VAL A 284 27.339 28.954 19.674 1.00 12.80 A C ATOM 42 CG2 VAL A 284 28.125 31.046 18.510 1.00 14.14 A C ATOM 43 C VAL A 284 30.245 29.204 19.801 1.00 16.08 A C ATOM 44 O VAL A 284 30.691 30.316 20.090 1.00 16.22 A O ATOM 45 N LEU A 285 30.350 28.164 20.626 1.00 12.98 A N ATOM 46 CA LEU A 285 31.010 28.301 21.924 1.00 13.92 A C ATOM 47 CB LEU A 285 30.747 27.086 22.808 1.00 12.78 A C ATOM 48 CG LEU A 285 29.316 26.963 23.325 1.00 13.18 A C ATOM 49 CD1 LEU A 285 29.133 25.636 24.037 1.00 11.18 A C ATOM 50 CD2 LEU A 285 28.979 28.122 24.237 1.00 14.27 A C ATOM 51 C LEU A 285 32.516 28.566 21.806 1.00 14.98 A C ATOM 52 O LEU A 285 33.149 29.045 22.749 1.00 14.98 A O ATOM 53 N PHE A 286 33.086 28.265 20.644 1.00 16.74 A N ATOM 54 CA PHE A 286 34.484 28.594 20.389 1.00 11.61 A C ATOM 55 CB PHE A 286 35.096 27.627 19.366 1.00 11.98 A C ATOM 56 CG PHE A 286 35.234 26.203 19.868 1.00 11.57 A C ATOM 57 CD1 PHE A 286 34.572 25.160 19.235 1.00 10.35 A C ATOM 58 CD2 PHE A 286 36.020 25.913 20.969 1.00 11.94 A C ATOM 59 CE1 PHE A 286 34.695 23.845 19.693 1.00 9.95 A C ATOM 60 CE2 PHE A 286 36.156 24.598 21.430 1.00 9.44 A C ATOM 61 CZ PHE A 286 35.486 23.568 20.788 1.00 8.04 A C ATOM 62 C PHE A 286 34.663 30.055 19.935 1.00 17.58 A C ATOM 63 O PHE A 286 35.774 30.580 19.949 1.00 15.23 A O ATOM 64 N GLN A 287 33.570 30.719 19.561 1.00 18.72 A N ATOM 65 CA GLN A 287 33.680 32.084 19.048 1.00 23.71 A C ATOM 66 CB GLN A 287 32.472 32.466 18.178 1.00 25.11 A C ATOM 67 CG GLN A 287 32.869 33.179 16.866 1.00 39.90 A C ATOM 68 CD GLN A 287 32.064 34.458 16.570 1.00 40.35 A C ATOM 69 OE1 GLN A 287 30.893 34.587 16.942 1.00 28.44 A O ATOM 70 NE2 GLN A 287 32.704 35.408 15.892 1.00 40.81 A N ATOM 71 C GLN A 287 33.869 33.116 20.152 1.00 25.99 A C ATOM 72 O GLN A 287 34.713 34.007 20.048 1.00 34.52 A O ATOM 73 N GLY A 288 33.087 33.015 21.213 1.00 18.89 A N ATOM 74 CA GLY A 288 33.075 34.089 22.191 1.00 33.22 A C ATOM 75 C GLY A 288 34.224 34.056 23.181 1.00 35.28 A C ATOM 76 O GLY A 288 35.141 33.240 23.057 1.00 32.12 A O ATOM 77 N PRO A 289 34.210 34.983 24.149 1.00 34.30 A N ATOM 78 CD PRO A 289 33.796 36.396 24.046 1.00 29.11 A C ATOM 79 CA PRO A 289 34.948 34.726 25.386 1.00 27.66 A C ATOM 80 CB PRO A 289 34.369 35.771 26.335 1.00 28.11 A C ATOM 81 CG PRO A 289 34.161 36.971 25.414 1.00 31.29 A C ATOM 82 C PRO A 289 34.675 33.299 25.881 1.00 22.34 A C ATOM 83 O PRO A 289 33.582 32.759 25.687 1.00 15.25 A O ATOM 84 N VAL A 290 35.679 32.702 26.510 1.00 19.05 A N ATOM 85 CA VAL A 290 35.700 31.267 26.788 1.00 15.83 A C ATOM 86 CB VAL A 290 37.109 30.846 27.208 1.00 11.51 A C ATOM 87 CG1 VAL A 290 37.480 31.530 28.509 1.00 13.50 A C ATOM 88 CG2 VAL A 290 37.207 29.330 27.339 1.00 13.64 A C ATOM 89 C VAL A 290 34.728 30.851 27.891 1.00 15.39 A C ATOM 90 O VAL A 290 34.453 29.662 28.101 1.00 11.02 A O ATOM 91 N ASN A 291 34.196 31.834 28.600 1.00 13.40 A N ATOM 92 CA ASN A 291 33.413 31.533 29.789 1.00 14.32 A C ATOM 93 CB ASN A 291 33.294 32.797 30.618 1.00 25.98 A C ATOM 94 CG ASN A 291 34.657 33.480 30.786 1.00 42.18 A C ATOM 95 OD1 ASN A 291 35.463 33.076 31.641 1.00 33.92 A O ATOM 96 ND2 ASN A 291 34.949 34.469 29.922 1.00 23.39 A N ATOM 97 C ASN A 291 32.080 30.835 29.497 1.00 14.00 A C ATOM 98 O ASN A 291 31.573 30.069 30.323 1.00 13.69 A O ATOM 99 N ALA A 292 31.541 31.058 28.302 1.00 12.59 A N ATOM 100 CA ALA A 292 30.354 30.331 27.867 1.00 12.77 A C ATOM 101 CB ALA A 292 29.745 30.981 26.628 1.00 12.55 A C ATOM 102 C ALA A 292 30.698 28.860 27.597 1.00 12.45 A C ATOM 103 O ALA A 292 29.909 27.967 27.891 1.00 10.66 A O ATOM 104 N LEU A 293 31.875 28.618 27.024 1.00 12.65 A N ATOM 105 CA LEU A 293 32.311 27.256 26.729 1.00 11.33 A C ATOM 106 CB LEU A 293 33.588 27.260 25.876 1.00 7.25 A C ATOM 107 CG LEU A 293 34.298 25.897 25.723 1.00 9.88 A C ATOM 108 CD1 LEU A 293 33.352 24.814 25.182 1.00 9.87 A C ATOM 109 CD2 LEU A 293 35.543 26.019 24.847 1.00 10.09 A C ATOM 110 C LEU A 293 32.538 26.507 28.037 1.00 8.89 A C ATOM 111 O LEU A 293 32.065 25.387 28.214 1.00 9.23 A O ATOM 112 N VAL A 294 33.258 27.147 28.953 1.00 8.15 A N ATOM 113 CA VAL A 294 33.529 26.570 30.262 1.00 12.41 A C ATOM 114 CB VAL A 294 34.406 27.505 31.126 1.00 10.83 A C ATOM 115 CG1 VAL A 294 34.342 27.088 32.582 1.00 11.13 A C ATOM 116 CG2 VAL A 294 35.843 27.502 30.623 1.00 8.98 A C ATOM 117 C VAL A 294 32.234 26.263 31.014 1.00 12.48 A C ATOM 118 O VAL A 294 32.106 25.209 31.622 1.00 10.18 A O ATOM 119 N SER A 295 31.284 27.194 30.981 1.00 10.91 A N ATOM 120 CA SER A 295 29.997 26.974 31.625 1.00 9.45 A C ATOM 121 CB SER A 295 29.096 28.212 31.499 1.00 14.43 A C ATOM 122 OG SER A 295 27.744 27.897 31.806 1.00 20.43 A O ATOM 123 C SER A 295 29.325 25.750 31.023 1.00 12.36 A C ATOM 124 O SER A 295 28.736 24.939 31.739 1.00 10.39 A O ATOM 125 N HIS A 296 29.425 25.605 29.706 1.00 11.75 A N ATOM 126 CA HIS A 296 28.855 24.439 29.035 1.00 10.68 A C ATOM 127 CB HIS A 296 28.941 24.582 27.517 1.00 9.76 A C ATOM 128 CG HIS A 296 28.506 23.361 26.772 1.00 10.90 A C ATOM 129 CD2 HIS A 296 29.187 22.254 26.392 1.00 10.88 A C ATOM 130 ND1 HIS A 296 27.209 23.180 26.326 1.00 12.76 A N ATOM 131 CE1 HIS A 296 27.118 22.020 25.703 1.00 14.01 A C ATOM 132 NE2 HIS A 296 28.304 21.437 25.726 1.00 14.24 A N ATOM 133 C HIS A 296 29.523 23.132 29.476 1.00 11.92 A C ATOM 134 O HIS A 296 28.847 22.141 29.761 1.00 11.60 A O ATOM 135 N LEU A 297 30.847 23.120 29.531 1.00 9.35 A N ATOM 136 CA LEU A 297 31.553 21.917 29.972 1.00 10.01 A C ATOM 137 CB LEU A 297 33.061 22.123 29.911 1.00 9.01 A C ATOM 138 CG LEU A 297 33.553 22.379 28.495 1.00 7.69 A C ATOM 139 CD1 LEU A 297 35.024 22.708 28.538 1.00 5.55 A C ATOM 140 CD2 LEU A 297 33.246 21.150 27.637 1.00 6.97 A C ATOM 141 C LEU A 297 31.169 21.520 31.384 1.00 10.36 A C ATOM 142 O LEU A 297 31.045 20.336 31.691 1.00 10.64 A O ATOM 143 N LEU A 298 30.994 22.513 32.251 1.00 10.74 A N ATOM 144 CA LEU A 298 30.614 22.245 33.629 1.00 12.52 A C ATOM 145 CB LEU A 298 30.658 23.524 34.468 1.00 10.34 A C ATOM 146 CG LEU A 298 32.041 24.076 34.815 1.00 12.08 A C ATOM 147 CD1 LEU A 298 31.920 25.418 35.555 1.00 8.73 A C ATOM 148 CD2 LEU A 298 32.841 23.076 35.640 1.00 9.28 A C ATOM 149 C LEU A 298 29.232 21.588 33.682 1.00 10.48 A C ATOM 150 O LEU A 298 29.018 20.646 34.450 1.00 10.70 A O ATOM 151 N VAL A 299 28.311 22.066 32.849 1.00 10.43 A N ATOM 152 CA VAL A 299 26.954 21.499 32.789 1.00 12.43 A C ATOM 153 CB VAL A 299 26.000 22.363 31.927 1.00 15.42 A C ATOM 154 CG1 VAL A 299 24.746 21.569 31.528 1.00 11.39 A C ATOM 155 CG2 VAL A 299 25.613 23.630 32.668 1.00 16.30 A C ATOM 156 C VAL A 299 26.914 20.046 32.293 1.00 12.64 A C ATOM 157 O VAL A 299 26.206 19.223 32.852 1.00 11.54 A O ATOM 158 N VAL A 300 27.670 19.734 31.246 1.00 13.30 A N ATOM 159 CA VAL A 300 27.618 18.398 30.646 1.00 13.01 A C ATOM 160 CB VAL A 300 28.052 18.407 29.165 1.00 13.09 A C ATOM 161 CG1 VAL A 300 27.198 19.369 28.359 1.00 13.58 A C ATOM 162 CG2 VAL A 300 29.516 18.770 29.050 1.00 11.79 A C ATOM 163 C VAL A 300 28.481 17.387 31.407 1.00 14.75 A C ATOM 164 O VAL A 300 28.515 16.209 31.069 1.00 12.75 A O ATOM 165 N GLU A 301 29.191 17.861 32.422 1.00 14.54 A N ATOM 166 CA GLU A 301 29.901 16.974 33.325 1.00 15.49 A C ATOM 167 CB GLU A 301 30.595 17.793 34.410 1.00 13.73 A C ATOM 168 CG GLU A 301 31.478 17.003 35.356 1.00 18.04 A C ATOM 169 CD GLU A 301 32.572 16.200 34.658 1.00 14.78 A C ATOM 170 OE1 GLU A 301 33.082 15.260 35.292 1.00 16.40 A O ATOM 171 OE2 GLU A 301 32.929 16.494 33.496 1.00 13.16 A O ATOM 172 C GLU A 301 28.886 16.004 33.931 1.00 19.75 A C ATOM 173 O GLU A 301 27.857 16.426 34.455 1.00 20.35 A O ATOM 174 N PRO A 302 29.169 14.698 33.850 1.00 17.66 A N ATOM 175 CD PRO A 302 30.417 14.127 33.304 1.00 14.23 A C ATOM 176 CA PRO A 302 28.245 13.671 34.349 1.00 19.35 A C ATOM 177 CB PRO A 302 29.059 12.380 34.237 1.00 19.40 A C ATOM 178 CG PRO A 302 30.105 12.673 33.178 1.00 19.78 A C ATOM 179 C PRO A 302 27.834 13.888 35.801 1.00 19.84 A C ATOM 180 O PRO A 302 28.633 14.369 36.608 1.00 18.01 A O ATOM 181 N GLU A 303 26.595 13.527 36.129 1.00 24.87 A N ATOM 182 CA GLU A 303 26.127 13.587 37.513 1.00 34.74 A C ATOM 183 CB GLU A 303 24.637 13.246 37.601 1.00 31.77 A C ATOM 184 CG GLU A 303 23.731 14.164 36.791 1.00 46.93 A C ATOM 185 CD GLU A 303 23.742 15.601 37.287 1.00 48.48 A C ATOM 186 OE1 GLU A 303 24.025 15.820 38.486 1.00 53.83 A O ATOM 187 OE2 GLU A 303 23.459 16.510 36.475 1.00 51.75 A O ATOM 188 C GLU A 303 26.913 12.594 38.359 1.00 28.66 A C ATOM 189 O GLU A 303 27.459 11.623 37.837 1.00 18.80 A O ATOM 190 N LYS A 304 26.968 12.830 39.663 1.00 27.38 A N ATOM 191 CA LYS A 304 27.639 11.894 40.552 1.00 28.05 A C ATOM 192 CB LYS A 304 27.673 12.425 41.986 1.00 30.61 A C ATOM 193 CG LYS A 304 27.340 13.898 42.124 1.00 41.26 A C ATOM 194 CD LYS A 304 28.151 14.772 41.174 1.00 46.02 A C ATOM 195 CE LYS A 304 27.391 16.062 40.869 1.00 50.74 A C ATOM 196 NZ LYS A 304 25.928 15.791 40.674 1.00 44.82 A N ATOM 197 C LYS A 304 26.906 10.554 40.493 1.00 26.57 A C ATOM 198 O LYS A 304 25.678 10.508 40.464 1.00 26.65 A O ATOM 199 N LEU A 305 27.657 9.462 40.442 1.00 24.73 A N ATOM 200 CA LEU A 305 27.040 8.143 40.446 1.00 23.98 A C ATOM 201 CB LEU A 305 27.729 7.207 39.453 1.00 25.79 A C ATOM 202 CG LEU A 305 27.617 7.530 37.961 1.00 26.42 A C ATOM 203 CD1 LEU A 305 28.192 6.385 37.146 1.00 21.98 A C ATOM 204 CD2 LEU A 305 26.175 7.793 37.568 1.00 27.99 A C ATOM 205 C LEU A 305 27.099 7.542 41.838 1.00 23.16 A C ATOM 206 O LEU A 305 28.014 7.834 42.616 1.00 23.56 A O ATOM 207 N TYR A 306 26.110 6.713 42.151 1.00 22.53 A N ATOM 208 CA TYR A 306 26.143 5.911 43.365 1.00 26.89 A C ATOM 209 CB TYR A 306 24.880 6.128 44.198 1.00 27.79 A C ATOM 210 CG TYR A 306 24.844 7.508 44.794 1.00 31.63 A C ATOM 211 CD1 TYR A 306 24.342 8.585 44.071 1.00 29.49 A C ATOM 212 CE1 TYR A 306 24.334 9.854 44.603 1.00 32.64 A C ATOM 213 CD2 TYR A 306 25.356 7.746 46.061 1.00 33.55 A C ATOM 214 CE2 TYR A 306 25.351 9.008 46.604 1.00 36.28 A C ATOM 215 CZ TYR A 306 24.841 10.060 45.874 1.00 42.00 A C ATOM 216 OH TYR A 306 24.839 11.320 46.426 1.00 52.73 A O ATOM 217 C TYR A 306 26.320 4.448 42.998 1.00 26.38 A C ATOM 218 O TYR A 306 25.511 3.882 42.274 1.00 22.90 A O ATOM 219 N ALA A 307 27.398 3.850 43.488 1.00 23.02 A N ATOM 220 CA ALA A 307 27.699 2.460 43.198 1.00 24.52 A C ATOM 221 CB ALA A 307 29.188 2.218 43.325 1.00 22.08 A C ATOM 222 C ALA A 307 26.920 1.488 44.091 1.00 27.85 A C ATOM 223 O ALA A 307 26.705 0.338 43.719 1.00 27.89 A O ATOM 224 N MET A 308 26.505 1.945 45.267 1.00 29.84 A N ATOM 225 CA MET A 308 25.797 1.076 46.208 1.00 39.93 A C ATOM 226 CB MET A 308 26.185 1.413 47.654 1.00 33.82 A C ATOM 227 CG MET A 308 27.682 1.467 47.915 1.00 34.50 A C ATOM 228 SD MET A 308 28.540 −0.093 47.616 1.00 42.64 A S ATOM 229 CE MET A 308 30.221 0.421 47.935 1.00 45.56 A C ATOM 230 C MET A 308 24.274 1.148 46.059 1.00 39.26 A C ATOM 231 O MET A 308 23.726 2.189 45.691 1.00 44.59 A O ATOM 232 N PRO A 309 23.589 0.030 46.348 1.00 50.14 A N ATOM 233 CD PRO A 309 24.235 −1.277 46.579 1.00 48.34 A C ATOM 234 CA PRO A 309 22.124 −0.058 46.414 1.00 47.55 A C ATOM 235 CB PRO A 309 21.898 −1.375 47.155 1.00 49.88 A C ATOM 236 CG PRO A 309 23.069 −2.217 46.766 1.00 58.07 A C ATOM 237 C PRO A 309 21.516 1.091 47.217 1.00 52.44 A C ATOM 238 O PRO A 309 21.952 1.339 48.347 1.00 50.51 A O ATOM 239 N LEU A 317 25.154 −4.678 48.314 1.00 52.79 A N ATOM 240 CA LEU A 317 25.358 −5.964 48.977 1.00 51.70 A C ATOM 241 CB LEU A 317 24.020 −6.568 49.438 1.00 56.53 A C ATOM 242 CG LEU A 317 22.702 −6.226 48.722 1.00 59.14 A C ATOM 243 CD1 LEU A 317 22.266 −4.787 49.001 1.00 58.56 A C ATOM 244 CD2 LEU A 317 22.757 −6.501 47.218 1.00 52.71 A C ATOM 245 C LEU A 317 26.145 −6.955 48.110 1.00 44.57 A C ATOM 246 O LEU A 317 26.440 −8.073 48.538 1.00 45.10 A O ATOM 247 N LEU A 318 26.484 −6.532 46.895 1.00 41.57 A N ATOM 248 CA LEU A 318 27.298 −7.340 45.993 1.00 31.89 A C ATOM 249 CB LEU A 318 27.230 −6.782 44.573 1.00 29.81 A C ATOM 250 CG LEU A 318 25.911 −6.909 43.816 1.00 32.72 A C ATOM 251 CD1 LEU A 318 25.977 −6.147 42.503 1.00 26.20 A C ATOM 252 CD2 LEU A 318 25.595 −8.371 43.573 1.00 35.10 A C ATOM 253 C LEU A 318 28.749 −7.350 46.456 1.00 26.04 A C ATOM 254 O LEU A 318 29.186 −6.435 47.152 1.00 22.04 A O ATOM 255 N PRO A 319 29.503 −8.394 46.079 1.00 23.87 A N ATOM 256 CD PRO A 319 29.055 −9.610 45.383 1.00 21.16 A C ATOM 257 CA PRO A 319 30.942 −8.415 46.362 1.00 18.87 A C ATOM 258 CB PRO A 319 31.398 −9.751 45.765 1.00 18.38 A C ATOM 259 CG PRO A 319 30.160 −10.570 45.651 1.00 20.01 A C ATOM 260 C PRO A 319 31.641 −7.244 45.651 1.00 17.27 A C ATOM 261 O PRO A 319 31.106 −6.692 44.686 1.00 16.55 A O ATOM 262 N ALA A 320 32.823 −6.875 46.130 1.00 17.00 A N ATOM 263 CA ALA A 320 33.549 −5.723 45.601 1.00 19.01 A C ATOM 264 CB ALA A 320 34.920 −5.614 46.257 1.00 16.56 A C ATOM 265 C ALA A 320 33.690 −5.741 44.081 1.00 16.68 A C ATOM 266 O ALA A 320 33.388 −4.749 43.415 1.00 15.58 A O ATOM 267 N VAL A 321 34.157 −6.860 43.536 1.00 13.60 A N ATOM 268 CA VAL A 321 34.378 −6.951 42.093 1.00 16.13 A C ATOM 269 CB VAL A 321 34.927 −8.323 41.674 1.00 15.02 A C ATOM 270 CG1 VAL A 321 35.190 −8.336 40.180 1.00 15.96 A C ATOM 271 CG2 VAL A 321 36.197 −8.633 42.435 1.00 22.36 A C ATOM 272 C VAL A 321 33.112 −6.670 41.287 1.00 16.45 A C ATOM 273 O VAL A 321 33.146 −5.947 40.287 1.00 15.37 A O ATOM 274 N ALA A 322 31.997 −7.243 41.732 1.00 15.98 A N ATOM 275 CA ALA A 322 30.734 −7.140 41.010 1.00 14.85 A C ATOM 276 CB ALA A 322 29.700 −8.085 41.622 1.00 15.22 A C ATOM 277 C ALA A 322 30.213 −5.708 41.008 1.00 15.26 A C ATOM 278 O ALA A 322 29.718 −5.212 40.002 1.00 15.54 A O ATOM 279 N THR A 323 30.327 −5.059 42.154 1.00 15.80 A N ATOM 280 CA THR A 323 29.934 −3.669 42.309 1.00 14.87 A C ATOM 281 CB THR A 323 30.219 −3.211 43.745 1.00 14.02 A C ATOM 282 OG1 THR A 323 29.453 −4.027 44.643 1.00 16.97 A O ATOM 283 CG2 THR A 323 29.872 −1.734 43.946 1.00 16.94 A C ATOM 284 C THR A 323 30.703 −2.799 41.326 1.00 14.96 A C ATOM 285 O THR A 323 30.121 −1.995 40.605 1.00 15.71 A O ATOM 286 N LEU A 324 32.015 −2.983 41.281 1.00 14.81 A N ATOM 287 CA LEU A 324 32.862 −2.206 40.385 1.00 13.95 A C ATOM 288 CB LEU A 324 34.334 −2.495 40.671 1.00 11.37 A C ATOM 289 CG LEU A 324 34.922 −1.806 41.899 1.00 8.98 A C ATOM 290 CD1 LEU A 324 36.314 −2.336 42.199 1.00 13.92 A C ATOM 291 CD2 LEU A 324 34.972 −0.307 41.664 1.00 11.73 A C ATOM 292 C LEU A 324 32.519 −2.471 38.915 1.00 14.54 A C ATOM 293 O LEU A 324 32.516 −1.550 38.097 1.00 13.87 A O ATOM 294 N CYS A 325 32.215 −3.722 38.585 1.00 12.55 A N ATOM 295 CA CYS A 325 31.795 −4.067 37.226 1.00 14.33 A C ATOM 296 CB CYS A 325 31.543 −5.568 37.097 1.00 16.72 A C ATOM 297 SG CYS A 325 33.027 −6.555 37.110 1.00 14.65 A S ATOM 298 C CYS A 325 30.528 −3.328 36.822 1.00 18.79 A C ATOM 299 O CYS A 325 30.468 −2.717 35.749 1.00 14.81 A O ATOM 300 N ASP A 326 29.508 −3.412 37.674 1.00 12.37 A N ATOM 301 CA ASP A 326 28.272 −2.685 37.437 1.00 15.44 A C ATOM 302 CB ASP A 326 27.289 −2.893 38.588 1.00 19.76 A C ATOM 303 CG ASP A 326 26.718 −4.296 38.619 1.00 22.47 A C ATOM 304 OD1 ASP A 326 26.885 −5.044 37.628 1.00 22.18 A O ATOM 305 OD2 ASP A 326 26.098 −4.648 39.642 1.00 30.32 A O ATOM 306 C ASP A 326 28.544 −1.196 37.272 1.00 16.07 A C ATOM 307 O ASP A 326 28.000 −0.554 36.375 1.00 19.73 A O ATOM 308 N LEU A 327 29.376 −0.641 38.148 1.00 10.96 A N ATOM 309 CA LEU A 327 29.697 0.781 38.070 1.00 13.98 A C ATOM 310 CB LEU A 327 30.617 1.197 39.216 1.00 10.97 A C ATOM 311 CG LEU A 327 31.149 2.627 39.141 1.00 14.38 A C ATOM 312 CD1 LEU A 327 30.006 3.646 39.117 1.00 14.70 A C ATOM 313 CD2 LEU A 327 32.116 2.901 40.291 1.00 10.90 A C ATOM 314 C LEU A 327 30.350 1.087 36.725 1.00 15.52 A C ATOM 315 O LEU A 327 29.987 2.059 36.054 1.00 11.65 A O ATOM 316 N PHE A 328 31.296 0.232 36.327 1.00 13.97 A N ATOM 317 CA PHE A 328 32.035 0.417 35.080 1.00 11.13 A C ATOM 318 CB PHE A 328 33.014 −0.733 34.869 1.00 8.54 A C ATOM 319 CG PHE A 328 34.070 −0.453 33.842 1.00 13.15 A C ATOM 320 CD1 PHE A 328 34.124 −1.181 32.664 1.00 12.18 A C ATOM 321 CD2 PHE A 328 35.027 0.529 34.063 1.00 11.71 A C ATOM 322 CE1 PHE A 328 35.110 −0.934 31.729 1.00 15.78 A C ATOM 323 CE2 PHE A 328 36.021 0.779 33.127 1.00 11.74 A C ATOM 324 CZ PHE A 328 36.062 0.053 31.960 1.00 12.05 A C ATOM 325 C PHE A 328 31.119 0.534 33.870 1.00 13.77 A C ATOM 326 O PHE A 328 31.327 1.393 33.018 1.00 12.07 A O ATOM 327 N ASP A 329 30.116 −0.341 33.790 1.00 12.95 A N ATOM 328 CA ASP A 329 29.178 −0.326 32.671 1.00 14.28 A C ATOM 329 CB ASP A 329 28.108 −1.415 32.826 1.00 14.85 A C ATOM 330 CG ASP A 329 28.660 −2.817 32.617 1.00 20.42 A C ATOM 331 OD1 ASP A 329 28.069 −3.780 33.149 1.00 21.88 A O ATOM 332 OD2 ASP A 329 29.685 −2.955 31.925 1.00 16.14 A O ATOM 333 C ASP A 329 28.504 1.030 32.560 1.00 13.17 A C ATOM 334 O ASP A 329 28.339 1.559 31.466 1.00 11.47 A O ATOM 335 N ARG A 330 28.120 1.590 33.701 1.00 10.93 A N ATOM 336 CA ARG A 330 27.460 2.887 33.720 1.00 13.26 A C ATOM 337 CB ARG A 330 26.799 3.122 35.080 1.00 13.70 A C ATOM 338 CG ARG A 330 25.816 2.014 35.444 1.00 17.68 A C ATOM 339 CD ARG A 330 24.756 2.507 36.396 1.00 27.55 A C ATOM 340 NE ARG A 330 25.282 2.632 37.745 1.00 31.14 A N ATOM 341 CZ ARG A 330 24.938 3.588 38.598 1.00 25.26 A C ATOM 342 NH1 ARG A 330 24.067 4.524 38.242 1.00 21.90 A N ATOM 343 NH2 ARG A 330 25.477 3.609 39.806 1.00 22.06 A N ATOM 344 C ARG A 330 28.423 4.023 33.361 1.00 14.84 A C ATOM 345 O ARG A 330 28.032 4.983 32.690 1.00 11.00 A O ATOM 346 N GLU A 331 29.681 3.902 33.792 1.00 11.85 A N ATOM 347 CA GLU A 331 30.709 4.885 33.443 1.00 13.26 A C ATOM 348 CB GLU A 331 32.029 4.589 34.170 1.00 11.64 A C ATOM 349 CG GLU A 331 32.103 5.126 35.592 1.00 12.18 A C ATOM 350 CD GLU A 331 32.073 6.653 35.651 1.00 20.62 A C ATOM 351 OE1 GLU A 331 32.694 7.311 34.774 1.00 17.66 A O ATOM 352 OE2 GLU A 331 31.433 7.191 36.583 1.00 17.88 A O ATOM 353 C GLU A 331 30.965 4.914 31.945 1.00 12.27 A C ATOM 354 O GLU A 331 31.266 5.956 31.385 1.00 12.04 A O ATOM 355 N ILE A 332 30.857 3.763 31.294 1.00 10.67 A N ATOM 356 CA ILE A 332 31.077 3.701 29.855 1.00 11.62 A C ATOM 357 CB ILE A 332 31.096 2.243 29.353 1.00 13.91 A C ATOM 358 CG2 ILE A 332 30.640 2.172 27.900 1.00 10.95 A C ATOM 359 CG1 ILE A 332 32.511 1.666 29.509 1.00 14.60 A C ATOM 360 CD1 ILE A 332 32.546 0.170 29.645 1.00 18.15 A C ATOM 361 C ILE A 332 30.019 4.497 29.100 1.00 13.24 A C ATOM 362 O ILE A 332 30.331 5.281 28.199 1.00 12.76 A O ATOM 363 N VAL A 333 28.764 4.287 29.472 1.00 10.95 A N ATOM 364 CA VAL A 333 27.645 4.956 28.823 1.00 11.00 A C ATOM 365 CB VAL A 333 26.314 4.429 29.398 1.00 12.69 A C ATOM 366 CG1 VAL A 333 25.144 5.332 28.999 1.00 12.65 A C ATOM 367 CG2 VAL A 333 26.093 2.977 28.961 1.00 8.88 A C ATOM 368 C VAL A 333 27.748 6.462 29.043 1.00 13.15 A C ATOM 369 O VAL A 333 27.651 7.259 28.111 1.00 15.58 A O ATOM 370 N VAL A 334 27.962 6.837 30.292 1.00 9.75 A N ATOM 371 CA VAL A 334 28.130 8.229 30.667 1.00 14.02 A C ATOM 372 CB VAL A 334 28.333 8.336 32.183 1.00 18.06 A C ATOM 373 CG1 VAL A 334 28.975 9.645 32.540 1.00 17.29 A C ATOM 374 CG2 VAL A 334 26.984 8.151 32.906 1.00 18.35 A C ATOM 375 C VAL A 334 29.298 8.892 29.926 1.00 13.50 A C ATOM 376 O VAL A 334 29.203 10.046 29.502 1.00 13.96 A O ATOM 377 N THR A 335 30.393 8.159 29.760 1.00 9.79 A N ATOM 378 CA THR A 335 31.543 8.670 29.018 1.00 10.99 A C ATOM 379 CB THR A 335 32.732 7.690 29.082 1.00 11.18 A C ATOM 380 OG1 THR A 335 33.184 7.579 30.434 1.00 10.57 A O ATOM 381 CG2 THR A 335 33.886 8.174 28.209 1.00 11.31 A C ATOM 382 C THR A 335 31.179 8.962 27.555 1.00 11.10 A C ATOM 383 O THR A 335 31.510 10.014 27.021 1.00 9.77 A O ATOM 384 N ILE A 336 30.501 8.025 26.909 1.00 10.81 A N ATOM 385 CA ILE A 336 30.071 8.215 25.524 1.00 14.82 A C ATOM 386 CB ILE A 336 29.448 6.912 24.942 1.00 13.32 A C ATOM 387 CG2 ILE A 336 28.903 7.161 23.559 1.00 15.67 A C ATOM 388 CG1 ILE A 336 30.503 5.798 24.891 1.00 12.25 A C ATOM 389 CD1 ILE A 336 29.933 4.390 24.730 1.00 12.52 A C ATOM 390 C ILE A 336 29.109 9.417 25.363 1.00 16.41 A C ATOM 391 O ILE A 336 29.286 10.248 24.468 1.00 16.31 A O ATOM 392 N SER A 337 28.107 9.518 26.234 1.00 15.70 A N ATOM 393 CA SER A 337 27.155 10.641 26.181 1.00 14.63 A C ATOM 394 CB SER A 337 26.061 10.483 27.243 1.00 16.35 A C ATOM 395 OG SER A 337 25.234 9.375 26.964 1.00 24.14 A O ATOM 396 C SER A 337 27.863 11.973 26.403 1.00 13.85 A C ATOM 397 O SER A 337 27.557 12.985 25.755 1.00 11.00 A O ATOM 398 N TRP A 338 28.801 11.969 27.343 1.00 12.03 A N ATOM 399 CA TRP A 338 29.598 13.152 27.607 1.00 12.03 A C ATOM 400 CB TRP A 338 30.587 12.906 28.741 1.00 10.09 A C ATOM 401 CG TRP A 338 31.618 13.982 28.844 1.00 10.22 A C ATOM 402 CD2 TRP A 338 32.943 13.960 28.287 1.00 9.82 A C ATOM 403 CE2 TRP A 338 33.558 15.177 28.629 1.00 11.66 A C ATOM 404 CE3 TRP A 338 33.661 13.018 27.538 1.00 6.42 A C ATOM 405 CD1 TRP A 338 31.492 15.180 29.477 1.00 11.24 A C ATOM 406 NE1 TRP A 338 32.654 15.904 29.357 1.00 8.68 A N ATOM 407 CZ2 TRP A 338 34.864 15.487 28.241 1.00 6.65 A C ATOM 408 CZ3 TRP A 338 34.954 13.324 27.157 1.00 7.40 A C ATOM 409 CH2 TRP A 338 35.544 14.551 27.511 1.00 6.61 A C ATOM 410 C TRP A 338 30.335 13.602 26.347 1.00 13.94 A C ATOM 411 O TRP A 338 30.237 14.766 25.954 1.00 11.68 A O ATOM 412 N ALA A 339 31.055 12.680 25.709 1.00 8.94 A N ATOM 413 CA ALA A 339 31.832 13.020 24.517 1.00 10.09 A C ATOM 414 CB ALA A 339 32.538 11.796 23.980 1.00 10.38 A C ATOM 415 C ALA A 339 30.996 13.667 23.413 1.00 13.70 A C ATOM 416 O ALA A 339 31.460 14.594 22.737 1.00 14.16 A O ATOM 417 N LYS A 340 29.778 13.167 23.223 1.00 11.98 A N ATOM 418 CA LYS A 340 28.912 13.636 22.149 1.00 16.41 A C ATOM 419 CB LYS A 340 27.699 12.722 21.980 1.00 18.59 A C ATOM 420 CG LYS A 340 28.020 11.284 21.593 1.00 24.43 A C ATOM 421 CD LYS A 340 26.735 10.496 21.338 1.00 29.74 A C ATOM 422 CE LYS A 340 27.014 9.017 21.127 1.00 40.34 A C ATOM 423 NZ LYS A 340 25.806 8.261 20.678 1.00 43.59 A N ATOM 424 C LYS A 340 28.437 15.051 22.425 1.00 16.65 A C ATOM 425 O LYS A 340 28.010 15.752 21.517 1.00 16.11 A O ATOM 426 N SER A 341 28.512 15.469 23.684 1.00 16.51 A N ATOM 427 CA SER A 341 28.101 16.817 24.058 1.00 13.10 A C ATOM 428 CB SER A 341 27.380 16.791 25.405 1.00 18.40 A C ATOM 429 OG SER A 341 28.309 16.806 26.473 1.00 17.08 A O ATOM 430 C SER A 341 29.264 17.815 24.102 1.00 13.99 A C ATOM 431 O SER A 341 29.082 18.974 24.473 1.00 13.97 A O ATOM 432 N ILE A 342 30.459 17.370 23.733 1.00 11.84 A N ATOM 433 CA ILE A 342 31.611 18.272 23.703 1.00 11.35 A C ATOM 434 CB ILE A 342 32.942 17.492 23.793 1.00 12.73 A C ATOM 435 CG2 ILE A 342 34.133 18.398 23.481 1.00 8.77 A C ATOM 436 CG1 ILE A 342 33.085 16.849 25.177 1.00 10.78 A C ATOM 437 CD1 ILE A 342 33.057 17.843 26.338 1.00 8.36 A C ATOM 438 C ILE A 342 31.588 19.109 22.428 1.00 12.44 A C ATOM 439 O ILE A 342 31.644 18.560 21.326 1.00 12.27 A O ATOM 440 N PRO A 343 31.500 20.446 22.569 1.00 10.97 A N ATOM 441 CD PRO A 343 31.567 21.224 23.817 1.00 11.85 A C ATOM 442 CA PRO A 343 31.417 21.310 21.387 1.00 13.07 A C ATOM 443 CB PRO A 343 31.726 22.696 21.951 1.00 9.91 A C ATOM 444 CG PRO A 343 31.279 22.636 23.361 1.00 11.17 A C ATOM 445 C PRO A 343 32.465 20.925 20.350 1.00 13.44 A C ATOM 446 O PRO A 343 33.624 20.748 20.708 1.00 11.20 A O ATOM 447 N GLY A 344 32.057 20.779 19.094 1.00 12.03 A N ATOM 448 CA GLY A 344 32.991 20.523 18.015 1.00 15.36 A C ATOM 449 C GLY A 344 33.218 19.048 17.734 1.00 15.61 A C ATOM 450 O GLY A 344 33.613 18.681 16.633 1.00 19.51 A O ATOM 451 N PHE A 345 32.964 18.203 18.728 1.00 14.84 A N ATOM 452 CA PHE A 345 33.097 16.762 18.553 1.00 17.20 A C ATOM 453 CB PHE A 345 32.775 16.010 19.852 1.00 15.51 A C ATOM 454 CG PHE A 345 33.184 14.558 19.823 1.00 13.59 A C ATOM 455 CD1 PHE A 345 34.528 14.207 19.821 1.00 10.15 A C ATOM 456 CD2 PHE A 345 32.230 13.549 19.773 1.00 16.53 A C ATOM 457 CE1 PHE A 345 34.925 12.885 19.786 1.00 9.99 A C ATOM 458 CE2 PHE A 345 32.620 12.208 19.732 1.00 17.15 A C ATOM 459 CZ PHE A 345 33.973 11.882 19.734 1.00 11.80 A C ATOM 460 C PHE A 345 32.224 16.241 17.411 1.00 18.58 A C ATOM 461 O PHE A 345 32.676 15.432 16.591 1.00 17.81 A O ATOM 462 N SER A 346 30.983 16.720 17.356 1.00 16.25 A N ATOM 463 CA SER A 346 30.014 16.280 16.352 1.00 22.10 A C ATOM 464 CB SER A 346 28.613 16.774 16.717 1.00 18.82 A C ATOM 465 OG SER A 346 28.364 16.578 18.098 1.00 37.90 A O ATOM 466 C SER A 346 30.359 16.768 14.953 1.00 23.07 A C ATOM 467 O SER A 346 29.811 16.280 13.965 1.00 25.31 A O ATOM 468 N SER A 347 31.248 17.748 14.869 1.00 19.61 A N ATOM 469 CA SER A 347 31.689 18.245 13.574 1.00 25.27 A C ATOM 470 CB SER A 347 32.466 19.553 13.728 1.00 21.25 A C ATOM 471 OG SER A 347 31.626 20.577 14.238 1.00 30.98 A O ATOM 472 C SER A 347 32.540 17.202 12.853 1.00 25.20 A C ATOM 473 O SER A 347 32.556 17.149 11.622 1.00 25.78 A O ATOM 474 N LEU A 348 33.245 16.374 13.621 1.00 19.70 A N ATOM 475 CA LEU A 348 34.041 15.293 13.045 1.00 21.27 A C ATOM 476 CB LEU A 348 34.843 14.585 14.131 1.00 16.81 A C ATOM 477 CG LEU A 348 35.806 15.435 14.948 1.00 15.92 A C ATOM 478 CD1 LEU A 348 36.394 14.596 16.085 1.00 13.54 A C ATOM 479 CD2 LEU A 348 36.900 16.001 14.058 1.00 17.60 A C ATOM 480 C LEU A 348 33.146 14.275 12.334 1.00 19.87 A C ATOM 481 O LEU A 348 31.978 14.102 12.696 1.00 16.45 A O ATOM 482 N SER A 349 33.683 13.603 11.321 1.00 18.80 A N ATOM 483 CA SER A 349 32.906 12.557 10.664 1.00 21.86 A C ATOM 484 CB SER A 349 33.727 11.867 9.588 1.00 18.54 A C ATOM 485 OG SER A 349 34.814 11.173 10.177 1.00 20.71 A O ATOM 486 C SER A 349 32.511 11.541 11.717 1.00 21.03 A C ATOM 487 O SER A 349 33.231 11.345 12.701 1.00 18.54 A O ATOM 488 N LEU A 350 31.369 10.897 11.519 1.00 21.90 A N ATOM 489 CA LEU A 350 30.916 9.885 12.451 1.00 18.97 A C ATOM 490 CB LEU A 350 29.696 9.157 11.888 1.00 30.73 A C ATOM 491 CG LEU A 350 28.662 8.614 12.878 1.00 36.96 A C ATOM 492 CD1 LEU A 350 27.966 7.389 12.287 1.00 37.93 A C ATOM 493 CD2 LEU A 350 29.300 8.266 14.214 1.00 34.80 A C ATOM 494 C LEU A 350 32.052 8.895 12.687 1.00 21.31 A C ATOM 495 O LEU A 350 32.319 8.485 13.820 1.00 21.06 A O ATOM 496 N SER A 351 32.727 8.524 11.606 1.00 22.72 A N ATOM 497 CA SER A 351 33.810 7.554 11.675 1.00 22.26 A C ATOM 498 CB SER A 351 34.395 7.318 10.279 1.00 18.71 A C ATOM 499 OG SER A 351 35.400 6.319 10.318 1.00 27.66 A O ATOM 500 C SER A 351 34.909 8.020 12.633 1.00 21.66 A C ATOM 501 O SER A 351 35.372 7.257 13.487 1.00 22.40 A O ATOM 502 N ASP A 352 35.329 9.273 12.487 1.00 20.12 A N ATOM 503 CA ASP A 352 36.377 9.809 13.348 1.00 20.76 A C ATOM 504 CB ASP A 352 36.919 11.128 12.801 1.00 16.76 A C ATOM 505 CG ASP A 352 37.887 10.915 11.663 1.00 21.88 A C ATOM 506 OD1 ASP A 352 38.283 11.902 11.011 1.00 20.77 A O ATOM 507 OD2 ASP A 352 38.255 9.744 11.428 1.00 23.51 A O ATOM 508 C ASP A 352 35.920 9.957 14.794 1.00 17.01 A C ATOM 509 O ASP A 352 36.711 9.775 15.711 1.00 16.19 A O ATOM 510 N GLN A 353 34.646 10.278 15.000 1.00 16.91 A N ATOM 511 CA GLN A 353 34.130 10.387 16.359 1.00 15.73 A C ATOM 512 CB GLN A 353 32.641 10.740 16.362 1.00 13.27 A C ATOM 513 CG GLN A 353 32.348 12.177 15.972 1.00 15.41 A C ATOM 514 CD GLN A 353 30.863 12.462 15.838 1.00 21.44 A C ATOM 515 OE1 GLN A 353 30.071 12.178 16.740 1.00 21.89 A O ATOM 516 NE2 GLN A 353 30.482 13.041 14.710 1.00 18.96 A N ATOM 517 C GLN A 353 34.352 9.063 17.059 1.00 15.88 A C ATOM 518 O GLN A 353 34.815 9.015 18.199 1.00 12.23 A O ATOM 519 N MET A 354 34.036 7.983 16.355 1.00 14.37 A N ATOM 520 CA MET A 354 34.132 6.660 16.936 1.00 19.04 A C ATOM 521 CB MET A 354 33.385 5.632 16.080 1.00 20.68 A C ATOM 522 CG MET A 354 31.897 5.925 15.985 1.00 24.71 A C ATOM 523 SD MET A 354 30.898 4.500 15.531 1.00 38.54 A S ATOM 524 CE MET A 354 31.689 3.994 14.005 1.00 31.83 A C ATOM 525 C MET A 354 35.586 6.269 17.128 1.00 16.32 A C ATOM 526 O MET A 354 35.942 5.699 18.160 1.00 18.95 A O ATOM 527 N SER A 355 36.423 6.585 16.142 1.00 13.80 A N ATOM 528 CA SER A 355 37.845 6.277 16.223 1.00 15.36 A C ATOM 529 CB SER A 355 38.560 6.625 14.915 1.00 17.70 A C ATOM 530 OG SER A 355 38.448 5.579 13.968 1.00 22.38 A O ATOM 531 C SER A 355 38.501 7.024 17.381 1.00 17.93 A C ATOM 532 O SER A 355 39.274 6.442 18.140 1.00 12.93 A O ATOM 533 N VAL A 356 38.203 8.316 17.502 1.00 14.09 A N ATOM 534 CA VAL A 356 38.685 9.100 18.634 1.00 12.55 A C ATOM 535 CB VAL A 356 38.212 10.568 18.552 1.00 13.35 A C ATOM 536 CG1 VAL A 356 38.440 11.283 19.877 1.00 10.53 A C ATOM 537 CG2 VAL A 356 38.939 11.291 17.425 1.00 11.16 A C ATOM 538 C VAL A 356 38.239 8.459 19.956 1.00 14.87 A C ATOM 539 O VAL A 356 39.069 8.152 20.810 1.00 10.80 A O ATOM 540 N LEU A 357 36.935 8.227 20.110 1.00 10.72 A N ATOM 541 CA LEU A 357 36.415 7.661 21.351 1.00 12.32 A C ATOM 542 CB LEU A 357 34.893 7.520 21.308 1.00 12.78 A C ATOM 543 CG LEU A 357 34.108 8.645 21.976 1.00 11.28 A C ATOM 544 CD1 LEU A 357 32.621 8.466 21.750 1.00 18.76 A C ATOM 545 CD2 LEU A 357 34.411 8.681 23.453 1.00 9.57 A C ATOM 546 C LEU A 357 37.036 6.317 21.735 1.00 13.32 A C ATOM 547 O LEU A 357 37.326 6.085 22.907 1.00 11.76 A O ATOM 548 N GLN A 358 37.218 5.431 20.760 1.00 11.69 A N ATOM 549 CA GLN A 358 37.777 4.110 21.035 1.00 13.23 A C ATOM 550 CB GLN A 358 37.778 3.236 19.779 1.00 12.80 A C ATOM 551 CG GLN A 358 36.419 2.692 19.387 1.00 18.19 A C ATOM 552 CD GLN A 358 36.487 1.830 18.140 1.00 25.29 A C ATOM 553 OE1 GLN A 358 36.213 2.299 17.034 1.00 28.13 A O ATOM 554 NE2 GLN A 358 36.872 0.566 18.310 1.00 21.86 A N ATOM 555 C GLN A 358 39.191 4.186 21.580 1.00 12.85 A C ATOM 556 O GLN A 358 39.637 3.287 22.294 1.00 12.84 A O ATOM 557 N SER A 359 39.900 5.255 21.238 1.00 10.05 A N ATOM 558 CA SER A 359 41.311 5.370 21.601 1.00 12.66 A C ATOM 559 CB SER A 359 42.083 6.109 20.498 1.00 12.37 A C ATOM 560 OG SER A 359 41.674 7.476 20.416 1.00 15.00 A O ATOM 561 C SER A 359 41.571 6.040 22.960 1.00 11.14 A C ATOM 562 O SER A 359 42.627 5.833 23.558 1.00 14.86 A O ATOM 563 N VAL A 360 40.622 6.837 23.445 1.00 10.02 A N ATOM 564 CA VAL A 360 40.826 7.593 24.683 1.00 9.96 A C ATOM 565 CB VAL A 360 40.961 9.101 24.402 1.00 9.66 A C ATOM 566 CG1 VAL A 360 42.199 9.374 23.604 1.00 11.91 A C ATOM 567 CG2 VAL A 360 39.701 9.616 23.693 1.00 8.37 A C ATOM 568 C VAL A 360 39.721 7.445 25.728 1.00 7.98 A C ATOM 569 O VAL A 360 39.781 8.071 26.780 1.00 9.05 A O ATOM 570 N TRP A 361 38.702 6.643 25.458 1.00 6.77 A N ATOM 571 CA TRP A 361 37.628 6.538 26.434 1.00 11.30 A C ATOM 572 CB TRP A 361 36.540 5.553 25.989 1.00 9.72 A C ATOM 573 CG TRP A 361 36.968 4.123 25.981 1.00 9.75 A C ATOM 574 CD2 TRP A 361 36.840 3.183 27.055 1.00 9.74 A C ATOM 575 CE2 TRP A 361 37.364 1.958 26.604 1.00 9.82 A C ATOM 576 CE3 TRP A 361 36.320 3.261 28.353 1.00 11.35 A C ATOM 577 CD1 TRP A 361 37.548 3.449 24.950 1.00 12.73 A C ATOM 578 NE1 TRP A 361 37.797 2.144 25.317 1.00 10.44 A N ATOM 579 CZ2 TRP A 361 37.391 0.817 27.403 1.00 11.49 A C ATOM 580 CZ3 TRP A 361 36.344 2.125 29.145 1.00 13.49 A C ATOM 581 CH2 TRP A 361 36.876 0.921 28.666 1.00 11.95 A C ATOM 582 C TRP A 361 38.146 6.189 27.834 1.00 7.33 A C ATOM 583 O TRP A 361 37.613 6.674 28.830 1.00 8.33 A O ATOM 584 N MET A 362 39.183 5.364 27.914 1.00 6.24 A N ATOM 585 CA MET A 362 39.702 4.959 29.222 1.00 7.37 A C ATOM 586 CB MET A 362 40.655 3.756 29.121 1.00 7.77 A C ATOM 587 CG MET A 362 41.207 3.268 30.483 1.00 9.27 A C ATOM 588 SD MET A 362 39.931 2.656 31.630 1.00 10.13 A S ATOM 589 CE MET A 362 39.582 1.052 30.898 1.00 8.76 A C ATOM 590 C MET A 362 40.380 6.136 29.915 1.00 7.87 A C ATOM 591 O MET A 362 40.265 6.291 31.131 1.00 8.80 A O ATOM 592 N GLU A 363 41.073 6.965 29.135 1.00 6.62 A N ATOM 593 CA GLU A 363 41.684 8.189 29.656 1.00 10.64 A C ATOM 594 CB GLU A 363 42.429 8.949 28.549 1.00 6.65 A C ATOM 595 CG GLU A 363 43.655 8.232 28.003 1.00 9.31 A C ATOM 596 CD GLU A 363 44.474 9.106 27.056 1.00 14.27 A C ATOM 597 OE1 GLU A 363 45.155 8.533 26.175 1.00 13.30 A O ATOM 598 OE2 GLU A 363 44.439 10.357 27.186 1.00 10.35 A O ATOM 599 C GLU A 363 40.630 9.106 30.281 1.00 6.33 A C ATOM 600 O GLU A 363 40.801 9.623 31.389 1.00 5.31 A O ATOM 601 N VAL A 364 39.548 9.332 29.551 1.00 5.93 A N ATOM 602 CA VAL A 364 38.477 10.177 30.064 1.00 5.96 A C ATOM 603 CB VAL A 364 37.344 10.308 29.028 1.00 6.40 A C ATOM 604 CG1 VAL A 364 36.125 10.998 29.644 1.00 6.59 A C ATOM 605 CG2 VAL A 364 37.847 11.058 27.775 1.00 7.12 A C ATOM 606 C VAL A 364 37.941 9.589 31.381 1.00 7.64 A C ATOM 607 O VAL A 364 37.817 10.284 32.400 1.00 7.59 A O ATOM 608 N LEU A 365 37.636 8.300 31.351 1.00 6.22 A N ATOM 609 CA LEU A 365 37.075 7.609 32.506 1.00 7.44 A C ATOM 610 CB LEU A 365 36.830 6.139 32.150 1.00 8.63 A C ATOM 611 CG LEU A 365 35.820 5.378 33.005 1.00 9.53 A C ATOM 612 CD1 LEU A 365 35.258 4.207 32.225 1.00 9.09 A C ATOM 613 CD2 LEU A 365 36.462 4.913 34.308 1.00 10.31 A C ATOM 614 C LEU A 365 38.017 7.710 33.702 1.00 8.08 A C ATOM 615 O LEU A 365 37.618 8.119 34.797 1.00 5.69 A O ATOM 616 N VAL A 366 39.276 7.342 33.482 1.00 8.82 A N ATOM 617 CA VAL A 366 40.279 7.382 34.538 1.00 6.69 A C ATOM 618 CB VAL A 366 41.636 6.800 34.055 1.00 9.23 A C ATOM 619 CG1 VAL A 366 42.792 7.367 34.875 1.00 6.28 A C ATOM 620 CG2 VAL A 366 41.600 5.285 34.145 1.00 8.23 A C ATOM 621 C VAL A 366 40.467 8.791 35.099 1.00 6.44 A C ATOM 622 O VAL A 366 40.662 8.976 36.307 1.00 6.79 A O ATOM 623 N LEU A 367 40.409 9.795 34.234 1.00 6.54 A N ATOM 624 CA LEU A 367 40.563 11.167 34.720 1.00 8.51 A C ATOM 625 CB LEU A 367 40.660 12.164 33.558 1.00 5.56 A C ATOM 626 CG LEU A 367 40.932 13.612 33.982 1.00 8.69 A C ATOM 627 CD1 LEU A 367 42.249 13.685 34.727 1.00 3.58 A C ATOM 628 CD2 LEU A 367 40.947 14.545 32.763 1.00 7.76 A C ATOM 629 C LEU A 367 39.405 11.527 35.667 1.00 6.52 A C ATOM 630 O LEU A 367 39.588 12.243 36.643 1.00 7.03 A O ATOM 631 N GLY A 368 38.215 11.026 35.375 1.00 4.77 A N ATOM 632 CA GLY A 368 37.083 11.211 36.270 1.00 10.05 A C ATOM 633 C GLY A 368 37.357 10.643 37.654 1.00 8.34 A C ATOM 634 O GLY A 368 37.161 11.322 38.667 1.00 9.15 A O ATOM 635 N VAL A 369 37.816 9.395 37.697 1.00 8.95 A N ATOM 636 CA VAL A 369 38.204 8.743 38.959 1.00 9.48 A C ATOM 637 CB VAL A 369 38.794 7.345 38.713 1.00 5.72 A C ATOM 638 CG1 VAL A 369 39.399 6.780 40.010 1.00 5.85 A C ATOM 639 CG2 VAL A 369 37.728 6.385 38.121 1.00 8.99 A C ATOM 640 C VAL A 369 39.237 9.564 39.744 1.00 7.51 A C ATOM 641 O VAL A 369 39.108 9.766 40.953 1.00 6.01 A O ATOM 642 N ALA A 370 40.268 10.026 39.049 1.00 7.55 A N ATOM 643 CA ALA A 370 41.318 10.818 39.689 1.00 6.33 A C ATOM 644 CB ALA A 370 42.427 11.110 38.699 1.00 5.48 A C ATOM 645 C ALA A 370 40.704 12.118 40.210 1.00 9.15 A C ATOM 646 O ALA A 370 40.992 12.568 41.321 1.00 6.32 A O ATOM 647 N GLN A 371 39.830 12.695 39.394 1.00 8.46 A N ATOM 648 CA GLN A 371 39.153 13.936 39.721 1.00 9.76 A C ATOM 649 CB GLN A 371 38.249 14.342 38.544 1.00 11.97 A C ATOM 650 CG GLN A 371 36.838 14.762 38.941 1.00 21.47 A C ATOM 651 CD GLN A 371 36.865 16.064 39.645 1.00 20.86 A C ATOM 652 OE1 GLN A 371 37.842 16.799 39.527 1.00 30.40 A O ATOM 653 NE2 GLN A 371 35.812 16.372 40.394 1.00 24.96 A N ATOM 654 C GLN A 371 38.361 13.805 41.027 1.00 10.44 A C ATOM 655 O GLN A 371 38.427 14.670 41.897 1.00 10.03 A O ATOM 656 N ARG A 372 37.611 12.718 41.173 1.00 9.65 A N ATOM 657 CA ARG A 372 36.831 12.524 42.397 1.00 11.43 A C ATOM 658 CB ARG A 372 35.792 11.410 42.217 1.00 10.17 A C ATOM 659 CG ARG A 372 34.853 11.627 41.045 1.00 7.35 A C ATOM 660 CD ARG A 372 33.726 10.590 41.008 1.00 10.71 A C ATOM 661 NE ARG A 372 34.136 9.296 40.466 1.00 9.30 A N ATOM 662 CZ ARG A 372 34.323 9.048 39.169 1.00 14.09 A C ATOM 663 NH1 ARG A 372 34.162 10.017 38.266 1.00 9.78 A N ATOM 664 NH2 ARG A 372 34.678 7.828 38.766 1.00 11.35 A N ATOM 665 C ARG A 372 37.726 12.229 43.610 1.00 11.57 A C ATOM 666 O ARG A 372 37.304 12.384 44.753 1.00 10.98 A O ATOM 667 N SER A 373 38.965 11.818 43.357 1.00 6.73 A N ATOM 668 CA SER A 373 39.870 11.431 44.433 1.00 8.65 A C ATOM 669 CB SER A 373 40.807 10.302 43.969 1.00 10.24 A C ATOM 670 OG SER A 373 40.073 9.218 43.415 1.00 9.92 A O ATOM 671 C SER A 373 40.697 12.597 44.973 1.00 9.36 A C ATOM 672 O SER A 373 41.357 12.465 46.010 1.00 8.35 A O ATOM 673 N LEU A 374 40.663 13.738 44.283 1.00 9.32 A N ATOM 674 CA LEU A 374 41.542 14.853 44.649 1.00 10.69 A C ATOM 675 CB LEU A 374 41.402 16.046 43.684 1.00 10.73 A C ATOM 676 CG LEU A 374 41.741 15.856 42.195 1.00 10.64 A C ATOM 677 CD1 LEU A 374 41.658 17.182 41.464 1.00 9.35 A C ATOM 678 CD2 LEU A 374 43.107 15.230 41.985 1.00 9.59 A C ATOM 679 C LEU A 374 41.424 15.321 46.110 1.00 8.24 A C ATOM 680 O LEU A 374 42.433 15.642 46.721 1.00 9.80 A O ATOM 681 N PRO A 375 40.203 15.379 46.668 1.00 8.86 A N ATOM 682 CD PRO A 375 38.887 15.308 46.014 1.00 14.08 A C ATOM 683 CA PRO A 375 40.105 15.902 48.043 1.00 13.75 A C ATOM 684 CB PRO A 375 38.609 16.215 48.207 1.00 14.41 A C ATOM 685 CG PRO A 375 38.065 16.291 46.810 1.00 17.04 A C ATOM 686 C PRO A 375 40.542 14.898 49.106 1.00 14.57 A C ATOM 687 O PRO A 375 40.662 15.248 50.286 1.00 11.98 A O ATOM 688 N LEU A 376 40.797 13.666 48.687 1.00 11.24 A N ATOM 689 CA LEU A 376 41.072 12.597 49.627 1.00 10.05 A C ATOM 690 CB LEU A 376 40.369 11.310 49.175 1.00 11.85 A C ATOM 691 CG LEU A 376 38.855 11.445 48.930 1.00 13.18 A C ATOM 692 CD1 LEU A 376 38.250 10.148 48.377 1.00 11.14 A C ATOM 693 CD2 LEU A 376 38.122 11.868 50.205 1.00 9.73 A C ATOM 694 C LEU A 376 42.578 12.397 49.740 1.00 14.10 A C ATOM 695 O LEU A 376 43.341 12.984 48.982 1.00 12.26 A O ATOM 696 N GLN A 377 43.007 11.594 50.706 1.00 14.87 A N ATOM 697 CA GLN A 377 44.416 11.276 50.833 1.00 16.83 A C ATOM 698 CB GLN A 377 44.982 11.782 52.160 1.00 24.46 A C ATOM 699 CG GLN A 377 46.275 11.063 52.563 1.00 33.92 A C ATOM 700 CD GLN A 377 47.085 11.817 53.618 1.00 54.60 A C ATOM 701 OE1 GLN A 377 47.531 11.237 54.614 1.00 48.37 A O ATOM 702 NE2 GLN A 377 47.281 13.116 53.397 1.00 60.36 A N ATOM 703 C GLN A 377 44.637 9.776 50.700 1.00 15.47 A C ATOM 704 O GLN A 377 44.196 8.996 51.539 1.00 15.74 A O ATOM 705 N ASP A 378 45.316 9.384 49.628 1.00 15.96 A N ATOM 706 CA ASP A 378 45.640 7.982 49.382 1.00 19.65 A C ATOM 707 CB ASP A 378 46.539 7.443 50.485 1.00 14.84 A C ATOM 708 CG ASP A 378 47.819 8.233 50.614 1.00 20.81 A C ATOM 709 OD1 ASP A 378 48.295 8.436 51.751 1.00 28.90 A O ATOM 710 OD2 ASP A 378 48.344 8.669 49.574 1.00 22.14 A O ATOM 711 C ASP A 378 44.386 7.132 49.262 1.00 14.53 A C ATOM 712 O ASP A 378 44.368 5.974 49.665 1.00 16.70 A O ATOM 713 N GLU A 379 43.340 7.724 48.705 1.00 13.21 A N ATOM 714 CA GLU A 379 42.102 7.009 48.482 1.00 12.77 A C ATOM 715 CB GLU A 379 41.055 7.413 49.514 1.00 12.81 A C ATOM 716 CG GLU A 379 41.411 7.010 50.937 1.00 20.07 A C ATOM 717 CD GLU A 379 40.271 7.258 51.907 1.00 20.55 A C ATOM 718 OE1 GLU A 379 39.800 8.412 52.001 1.00 19.77 A O ATOM 719 OE2 GLU A 379 39.841 6.292 52.570 1.00 30.93 A O ATOM 720 C GLU A 379 41.587 7.303 47.092 1.00 13.51 A C ATOM 721 O GLU A 379 41.897 8.344 46.510 1.00 12.64 A O ATOM 722 N LEU A 380 40.786 6.379 46.578 1.00 14.16 A N ATOM 723 CA LEU A 380 40.207 6.486 45.251 1.00 11.49 A C ATOM 724 CB LEU A 380 40.681 5.314 44.388 1.00 13.39 A C ATOM 725 CG LEU A 380 42.194 5.232 44.123 1.00 8.17 A C ATOM 726 CD1 LEU A 380 42.589 3.869 43.547 1.00 9.15 A C ATOM 727 CD2 LEU A 380 42.647 6.373 43.205 1.00 6.52 A C ATOM 728 C LEU A 380 38.682 6.488 45.367 1.00 14.12 A C ATOM 729 O LEU A 380 38.086 5.537 45.882 1.00 10.80 A O ATOM 730 N ALA A 381 38.062 7.575 44.910 1.00 11.42 A N ATOM 731 CA ALA A 381 36.608 7.705 44.926 1.00 11.52 A C ATOM 732 CB ALA A 381 36.194 9.155 45.184 1.00 6.66 A C ATOM 733 C ALA A 381 36.053 7.231 43.601 1.00 9.79 A C ATOM 734 O ALA A 381 35.817 8.023 42.682 1.00 9.06 A O ATOM 735 N PHE A 382 35.869 5.928 43.492 1.00 10.68 A N ATOM 736 CA PHE A 382 35.320 5.356 42.276 1.00 12.09 A C ATOM 737 CB PHE A 382 35.382 3.826 42.332 1.00 10.44 A C ATOM 738 CG PHE A 382 36.769 3.279 42.138 1.00 11.39 A C ATOM 739 CD1 PHE A 382 37.560 2.945 43.230 1.00 10.96 A C ATOM 740 CD2 PHE A 382 37.295 3.133 40.867 1.00 10.93 A C ATOM 741 CE1 PHE A 382 38.843 2.444 43.054 1.00 13.01 A C ATOM 742 CE2 PHE A 382 38.584 2.637 40.677 1.00 12.78 A C ATOM 743 CZ PHE A 382 39.360 2.293 41.771 1.00 12.04 A C ATOM 744 C PHE A 382 33.907 5.870 42.048 1.00 11.39 A C ATOM 745 O PHE A 382 33.460 5.984 40.912 1.00 10.81 A O ATOM 746 N ALA A 383 33.223 6.200 43.144 1.00 10.40 A N ATOM 747 CA ALA A 383 31.893 6.791 43.090 1.00 17.44 A C ATOM 748 CB ALA A 383 30.828 5.728 42.837 1.00 16.71 A C ATOM 749 C ALA A 383 31.629 7.510 44.401 1.00 17.54 A C ATOM 750 O ALA A 383 32.380 7.349 45.362 1.00 15.38 A O ATOM 751 N GLU A 384 30.561 8.302 44.433 1.00 23.55 A N ATOM 752 CA GLU A 384 30.194 9.043 45.637 1.00 30.68 A C ATOM 753 CB GLU A 384 28.766 9.588 45.507 1.00 36.59 A C ATOM 754 CG GLU A 384 28.405 10.665 46.521 1.00 41.29 A C ATOM 755 CD GLU A 384 29.191 11.950 46.313 1.00 51.97 A C ATOM 756 OE1 GLU A 384 29.494 12.288 45.145 1.00 51.70 A O ATOM 757 OE2 GLU A 384 29.505 12.622 47.319 1.00 45.08 A O ATOM 758 C GLU A 384 30.310 8.147 46.872 1.00 27.66 A C ATOM 759 O GLU A 384 30.874 8.542 47.891 1.00 30.68 A O ATOM 760 N ASP A 385 29.808 6.924 46.748 1.00 24.97 A N ATOM 761 CA ASP A 385 29.681 6.007 47.873 1.00 22.29 A C ATOM 762 CB ASP A 385 28.237 5.513 47.949 1.00 28.50 A C ATOM 763 CG ASP A 385 27.782 4.867 46.654 1.00 28.92 A C ATOM 764 OD1 ASP A 385 26.674 4.293 46.625 1.00 31.32 A O ATOM 765 OD2 ASP A 385 28.540 4.938 45.658 1.00 23.99 A O ATOM 766 C ASP A 385 30.595 4.794 47.748 1.00 25.57 A C ATOM 767 O ASP A 385 30.310 3.739 48.311 1.00 26.40 A O ATOM 768 N LEU A 386 31.686 4.927 47.005 1.00 21.78 A N ATOM 769 CA LEU A 386 32.617 3.820 46.859 1.00 19.10 A C ATOM 770 CB LEU A 386 32.269 2.984 45.624 1.00 17.20 A C ATOM 771 CG LEU A 386 33.230 1.865 45.204 1.00 24.05 A C ATOM 772 CD1 LEU A 386 33.784 1.113 46.396 1.00 21.63 A C ATOM 773 CD2 LEU A 386 32.560 0.908 44.215 1.00 20.24 A C ATOM 774 C LEU A 386 34.045 4.351 46.810 1.00 18.71 A C ATOM 775 O LEU A 386 34.524 4.809 45.772 1.00 12.82 A O ATOM 776 N VAL A 387 34.703 4.299 47.960 1.00 17.48 A N ATOM 777 CA VAL A 387 36.012 4.904 48.153 1.00 15.69 A C ATOM 778 CB VAL A 387 35.944 6.009 49.215 1.00 16.36 A C ATOM 779 CG1 VAL A 387 37.351 6.457 49.605 1.00 16.49 A C ATOM 780 CG2 VAL A 387 35.077 7.178 48.734 1.00 16.54 A C ATOM 781 C VAL A 387 36.943 3.839 48.683 1.00 15.82 A C ATOM 782 O VAL A 387 36.677 3.260 49.735 1.00 19.22 A O ATOM 783 N LEU A 388 38.029 3.577 47.963 1.00 15.55 A N ATOM 784 CA LEU A 388 38.949 2.501 48.318 1.00 15.32 A C ATOM 785 CB LEU A 388 38.951 1.439 47.222 1.00 13.11 A C ATOM 786 CG LEU A 388 37.621 0.784 46.870 1.00 14.26 A C ATOM 787 CD1 LEU A 388 37.802 −0.144 45.667 1.00 14.40 A C ATOM 788 CD2 LEU A 388 37.074 0.023 48.078 1.00 15.81 A C ATOM 789 C LEU A 388 40.371 3.016 48.479 1.00 17.45 A C ATOM 790 O LEU A 388 40.804 3.883 47.722 1.00 15.60 A O ATOM 791 N ASP A 389 41.095 2.485 49.462 1.00 14.27 A N ATOM 792 CA ASP A 389 42.524 2.740 49.552 1.00 15.01 A C ATOM 793 CB ASP A 389 43.023 2.770 51.007 1.00 15.97 A C ATOM 794 CG ASP A 389 42.771 1.461 51.762 1.00 22.33 A C ATOM 795 OD1 ASP A 389 43.057 1.432 52.979 1.00 23.29 A O ATOM 796 OD2 ASP A 389 42.291 0.469 51.165 1.00 19.43 A O ATOM 797 C ASP A 389 43.231 1.676 48.730 1.00 14.30 A C ATOM 798 O ASP A 389 42.579 0.846 48.097 1.00 16.58 A O ATOM 799 N GLU A 390 44.553 1.698 48.726 1.00 15.09 A N ATOM 800 CA GLU A 390 45.310 0.770 47.895 1.00 16.00 A C ATOM 801 CB GLU A 390 46.806 0.987 48.094 1.00 18.13 A C ATOM 802 CG GLU A 390 47.643 0.358 47.027 1.00 22.46 A C ATOM 803 CD GLU A 390 49.077 0.826 47.065 1.00 27.40 A C ATOM 804 OE1 GLU A 390 49.333 1.960 47.543 1.00 28.62 A O ATOM 805 OE2 GLU A 390 49.944 0.055 46.604 1.00 27.35 A O ATOM 806 C GLU A 390 44.941 −0.688 48.183 1.00 21.66 A C ATOM 807 O GLU A 390 44.725 −1.478 47.260 1.00 20.71 A O ATOM 808 N GLU A 391 44.861 −1.037 49.464 1.00 19.04 A N ATOM 809 CA GLU A 391 44.582 −2.411 49.859 1.00 24.03 A C ATOM 810 CB GLU A 391 44.797 −2.592 51.359 1.00 27.75 A C ATOM 811 CG GLU A 391 46.261 −2.509 51.758 1.00 38.64 A C ATOM 812 CD GLU A 391 46.483 −2.757 53.241 1.00 57.74 A C ATOM 813 OE1 GLU A 391 45.488 −2.768 54.003 1.00 48.08 A O ATOM 814 OE2 GLU A 391 47.659 −2.940 53.638 1.00 53.93 A O ATOM 815 C GLU A 391 43.177 −2.833 49.481 1.00 20.44 A C ATOM 816 O GLU A 391 42.947 −3.981 49.100 1.00 19.46 A O ATOM 817 N GLY A 392 42.240 −1.900 49.592 1.00 15.59 A N ATOM 818 CA GLY A 392 40.868 −2.148 49.198 1.00 18.72 A C ATOM 819 C GLY A 392 40.736 −2.367 47.699 1.00 16.46 A C ATOM 820 O GLY A 392 39.908 −3.167 47.257 1.00 13.18 A O ATOM 821 N ALA A 393 41.542 −1.656 46.912 1.00 13.40 A N ATOM 822 CA ALA A 393 41.533 −1.835 45.461 1.00 12.07 A C ATOM 823 CB ALA A 393 42.354 −0.746 44.771 1.00 12.61 A C ATOM 824 C ALA A 393 42.075 −3.215 45.109 1.00 14.92 A C ATOM 825 O ALA A 393 41.496 −3.938 44.297 1.00 12.11 A O ATOM 826 N ARG A 394 43.189 −3.568 45.735 1.00 11.42 A N ATOM 827 CA ARG A 394 43.808 −4.863 45.531 1.00 15.97 A C ATOM 828 CB ARG A 394 45.048 −4.967 46.421 1.00 17.24 A C ATOM 829 CG ARG A 394 46.048 −6.024 46.019 1.00 25.58 A C ATOM 830 CD ARG A 394 47.479 −5.481 46.137 1.00 29.11 A C ATOM 831 NE ARG A 394 47.679 −4.667 47.336 1.00 27.07 A N ATOM 832 CZ ARG A 394 48.580 −3.691 47.427 1.00 33.82 A C ATOM 833 NH1 ARG A 394 49.349 −3.399 46.385 1.00 34.86 A N ATOM 834 NH2 ARG A 394 48.706 −2.995 48.553 1.00 29.51 A N ATOM 835 C ARG A 394 42.798 −5.969 45.848 1.00 16.73 A C ATOM 836 O ARG A 394 42.657 −6.933 45.099 1.00 18.65 A O ATOM 837 N ALA A 395 42.074 −5.807 46.947 1.00 14.18 A N ATOM 838 CA ALA A 395 41.106 −6.812 47.372 1.00 16.13 A C ATOM 839 CB ALA A 395 40.716 −6.597 48.845 1.00 12.32 A C ATOM 840 C ALA A 395 39.871 −6.799 46.480 1.00 19.06 A C ATOM 841 O ALA A 395 39.083 −7.750 46.481 1.00 16.59 A O ATOM 842 N ALA A 396 39.702 −5.725 45.710 1.00 14.54 A N ATOM 843 CA ALA A 396 38.552 −5.624 44.812 1.00 12.53 A C ATOM 844 CB ALA A 396 37.994 −4.197 44.802 1.00 15.65 A C ATOM 845 C ALA A 396 38.891 −6.081 43.394 1.00 13.40 A C ATOM 846 O ALA A 396 38.122 −5.859 42.465 1.00 18.31 A O ATOM 847 N GLY A 397 40.049 −6.708 43.235 1.00 14.85 A N ATOM 848 CA GLY A 397 40.434 −7.296 41.965 1.00 14.90 A C ATOM 849 C GLY A 397 41.245 −6.398 41.037 1.00 17.60 A C ATOM 850 O GLY A 397 41.512 −6.772 39.897 1.00 16.08 A O ATOM 851 N LEU A 398 41.654 −5.229 41.527 1.00 15.81 A N ATOM 852 CA LEU A 398 42.314 −4.220 40.690 1.00 14.58 A C ATOM 853 CB LEU A 398 41.949 −2.815 41.184 1.00 10.85 A C ATOM 854 CG LEU A 398 40.461 −2.478 41.075 1.00 9.27 A C ATOM 855 CD1 LEU A 398 40.122 −1.134 41.713 1.00 10.67 A C ATOM 856 CD2 LEU A 398 40.066 −2.479 39.620 1.00 14.03 A C ATOM 857 C LEU A 398 43.837 −4.377 40.629 1.00 16.08 A C ATOM 858 O LEU A 398 44.545 −3.537 40.046 1.00 14.37 A O ATOM 859 N GLY A 399 44.339 −5.445 41.234 1.00 12.30 A N ATOM 860 CA GLY A 399 45.766 −5.699 41.253 1.00 11.79 A C ATOM 861 C GLY A 399 46.505 −4.499 41.804 1.00 14.14 A C ATOM 862 O GLY A 399 46.197 −4.021 42.899 1.00 15.51 A O ATOM 863 N GLU A 400 47.465 −3.996 41.037 1.00 12.60 A N ATOM 864 CA GLU A 400 48.245 −2.836 41.455 1.00 13.99 A C ATOM 865 CB GLU A 400 49.720 −3.026 41.096 1.00 17.29 A C ATOM 866 CG GLU A 400 50.402 −4.170 41.847 1.00 23.15 A C ATOM 867 CD GLU A 400 50.218 −4.061 43.350 1.00 25.72 A C ATOM 868 OE1 GLU A 400 49.736 −5.038 43.959 1.00 31.69 A O ATOM 869 OE2 GLU A 400 50.535 −2.996 43.921 1.00 30.47 A O ATOM 870 C GLU A 400 47.726 −1.537 40.842 1.00 12.72 A C ATOM 871 O GLU A 400 48.413 −0.514 40.876 1.00 11.57 A O ATOM 872 N LEU A 401 46.525 −1.574 40.269 1.00 11.68 A N ATOM 873 CA LEU A 401 45.950 −0.373 39.679 1.00 11.44 A C ATOM 874 CB LEU A 401 44.642 −0.668 38.940 1.00 10.03 A C ATOM 875 CG LEU A 401 44.742 −1.526 37.678 1.00 10.87 A C ATOM 876 CD1 LEU A 401 43.359 −1.748 37.072 1.00 10.54 A C ATOM 877 CD2 LEU A 401 45.694 −0.902 36.671 1.00 10.80 A C ATOM 878 C LEU A 401 45.725 0.672 40.767 1.00 14.90 A C ATOM 879 O LEU A 401 45.772 1.877 40.504 1.00 12.23 A O ATOM 880 N GLY A 402 45.478 0.211 41.989 1.00 11.10 A N ATOM 881 CA GLY A 402 45.332 1.123 43.105 1.00 8.33 A C ATOM 882 C GLY A 402 46.511 2.077 43.160 1.00 12.05 A C ATOM 883 O GLY A 402 46.341 3.296 43.220 1.00 9.18 A O ATOM 884 N ALA A 403 47.715 1.520 43.103 1.00 10.25 A N ATOM 885 CA ALA A 403 48.929 2.322 43.156 1.00 12.95 A C ATOM 886 CB ALA A 403 50.162 1.424 43.288 1.00 11.24 A C ATOM 887 C ALA A 403 49.055 3.223 41.926 1.00 10.76 A C ATOM 888 O ALA A 403 49.405 4.394 42.043 1.00 9.68 A O ATOM 889 N ALA A 404 48.764 2.677 40.750 1.00 8.99 A N ATOM 890 CA ALA A 404 48.915 3.427 39.501 1.00 10.80 A C ATOM 891 CB ALA A 404 48.695 2.509 38.303 1.00 10.92 A C ATOM 892 C ALA A 404 47.954 4.621 39.442 1.00 12.45 A C ATOM 893 O ALA A 404 48.324 5.740 39.052 1.00 9.31 A O ATOM 894 N LEU A 405 46.709 4.373 39.821 1.00 11.85 A N ATOM 895 CA LEU A 405 45.714 5.431 39.853 1.00 8.39 A C ATOM 896 CB LEU A 405 44.340 4.853 40.168 1.00 8.93 A C ATOM 897 CG LEU A 405 43.735 4.076 39.002 1.00 10.00 A C ATOM 898 CD1 LEU A 405 42.556 3.245 39.467 1.00 7.23 A C ATOM 899 CD2 LEU A 405 43.321 5.047 37.903 1.00 9.72 A C ATOM 900 C LEU A 405 46.097 6.515 40.860 1.00 9.64 A C ATOM 901 O LEU A 405 46.031 7.704 40.545 1.00 12.51 A O ATOM 902 N LEU A 406 46.512 6.115 42.058 1.00 9.03 A N ATOM 903 CA LEU A 406 46.928 7.092 43.072 1.00 12.76 A C ATOM 904 CB LEU A 406 47.231 6.417 44.415 1.00 11.94 A C ATOM 905 CG LEU A 406 46.008 5.984 45.225 1.00 13.22 A C ATOM 906 CD1 LEU A 406 46.413 5.086 46.393 1.00 11.84 A C ATOM 907 CD2 LEU A 406 45.236 7.212 45.705 1.00 9.96 A C ATOM 908 C LEU A 406 48.131 7.912 42.611 1.00 9.76 A C ATOM 909 O LEU A 406 48.287 9.070 42.989 1.00 11.41 A O ATOM 910 N GLN A 407 48.986 7.308 41.796 1.00 10.47 A N ATOM 911 CA GLN A 407 50.108 8.037 41.220 1.00 10.23 A C ATOM 912 CB GLN A 407 50.944 7.105 40.357 1.00 12.87 A C ATOM 913 CG GLN A 407 52.308 7.650 40.016 1.00 18.46 A C ATOM 914 CD GLN A 407 53.175 6.612 39.326 1.00 27.96 A C ATOM 915 OE1 GLN A 407 52.811 5.433 39.240 1.00 26.97 A O ATOM 916 NE2 GLN A 407 54.323 7.047 38.825 1.00 23.36 A N ATOM 917 C GLN A 407 49.596 9.204 40.373 1.00 10.26 A C ATOM 918 O GLN A 407 50.103 10.325 40.467 1.00 9.77 A O ATOM 919 N LEU A 408 48.584 8.931 39.551 1.00 9.23 A N ATOM 920 CA LEU A 408 47.954 9.964 38.729 1.00 8.47 A C ATOM 921 CB LEU A 408 46.860 9.351 37.839 1.00 7.74 A C ATOM 922 CG LEU A 408 46.445 10.000 36.513 1.00 8.05 A C ATOM 923 CD1 LEU A 408 44.963 9.764 36.197 1.00 4.98 A C ATOM 924 CD2 LEU A 408 46.787 11.473 36.412 1.00 6.46 A C ATOM 925 C LEU A 408 47.329 11.021 39.636 1.00 8.66 A C ATOM 926 O LEU A 408 47.501 12.218 39.414 1.00 9.51 A O ATOM 927 N VAL A 409 46.588 10.568 40.647 1.00 7.46 A N ATOM 928 CA VAL A 409 45.906 11.465 41.579 1.00 6.92 A C ATOM 929 CB VAL A 409 45.157 10.668 42.686 1.00 8.65 A C ATOM 930 CG1 VAL A 409 44.547 11.603 43.711 1.00 8.71 A C ATOM 931 CG2 VAL A 409 44.079 9.777 42.078 1.00 8.89 A C ATOM 932 C VAL A 409 46.880 12.448 42.227 1.00 11.22 A C ATOM 933 O VAL A 409 46.592 13.641 42.317 1.00 11.95 A O ATOM 934 N ARG A 410 48.031 11.941 42.672 1.00 8.64 A N ATOM 935 CA ARG A 410 49.041 12.766 43.329 1.00 11.83 A C ATOM 936 CB ARG A 410 50.168 11.894 43.909 1.00 11.23 A C ATOM 937 CG ARG A 410 49.743 11.103 45.159 1.00 15.02 A C ATOM 938 CD ARG A 410 50.939 10.572 45.932 1.00 13.71 A C ATOM 939 NE ARG A 410 51.751 9.649 45.136 1.00 16.06 A N ATOM 940 CZ ARG A 410 51.467 8.359 44.959 1.00 16.13 A C ATOM 941 NH1 ARG A 410 50.384 7.830 45.513 1.00 13.28 A N ATOM 942 NH2 ARG A 410 52.265 7.594 44.224 1.00 12.54 A N ATOM 943 C ARG A 410 49.615 13.804 42.378 1.00 11.91 A C ATOM 944 O ARG A 410 49.854 14.949 42.756 1.00 13.27 A O ATOM 945 N ARG A 411 49.818 13.402 41.129 1.00 12.33 A N ATOM 946 CA ARG A 411 50.325 14.314 40.103 1.00 12.23 A C ATOM 947 CB ARG A 411 50.560 13.530 38.808 1.00 13.09 A C ATOM 948 CG ARG A 411 51.193 14.305 37.701 1.00 14.85 A C ATOM 949 CD ARG A 411 52.703 14.473 37.877 1.00 10.64 A C ATOM 950 NE ARG A 411 53.121 15.589 37.036 1.00 9.23 A N ATOM 951 CZ ARG A 411 53.941 15.504 36.000 1.00 8.72 A C ATOM 952 NH1 ARG A 411 54.511 14.341 35.669 1.00 6.36 A N ATOM 953 NH2 ARG A 411 54.207 16.604 35.314 1.00 5.92 A N ATOM 954 C ARG A 411 49.362 15.497 39.890 1.00 11.17 A C ATOM 955 O ARG A 411 49.786 16.637 39.668 1.00 11.92 A O ATOM 956 N LEU A 412 48.065 15.234 39.990 1.00 9.22 A N ATOM 957 CA LEU A 412 47.065 16.289 39.841 1.00 12.80 A C ATOM 958 CB LEU A 412 45.737 15.707 39.365 1.00 8.02 A C ATOM 959 CG LEU A 412 45.759 15.057 37.988 1.00 10.32 A C ATOM 960 CD1 LEU A 412 44.492 14.244 37.774 1.00 6.91 A C ATOM 961 CD2 LEU A 412 45.905 16.118 36.906 1.00 10.21 A C ATOM 962 C LEU A 412 46.856 17.101 41.121 1.00 11.20 A C ATOM 963 O LEU A 412 46.626 18.310 41.066 1.00 14.93 A O ATOM 964 N GLN A 413 46.924 16.435 42.265 1.00 11.94 A N ATOM 965 CA GLN A 413 46.783 17.107 43.553 1.00 13.74 A C ATOM 966 CB GLN A 413 46.871 16.109 44.711 1.00 10.70 A C ATOM 967 CG GLN A 413 45.653 15.226 44.897 1.00 13.99 A C ATOM 968 CD GLN A 413 45.853 14.228 46.023 1.00 14.92 A C ATOM 969 OE1 GLN A 413 46.919 13.621 46.142 1.00 13.57 A O ATOM 970 NE2 GLN A 413 44.836 14.065 46.863 1.00 11.26 A N ATOM 971 C GLN A 413 47.878 18.145 43.722 1.00 12.17 A C ATOM 972 O GLN A 413 47.668 19.178 44.349 1.00 15.85 A O ATOM 973 N ALA A 414 49.051 17.867 43.163 1.00 11.15 A N ATOM 974 CA ALA A 414 50.180 18.793 43.255 1.00 11.85 A C ATOM 975 CB ALA A 414 51.428 18.168 42.634 1.00 12.32 A C ATOM 976 C ALA A 414 49.886 20.149 42.596 1.00 12.81 A C ATOM 977 O ALA A 414 50.496 21.152 42.944 1.00 13.14 A O ATOM 978 N LEU A 415 48.962 20.175 41.641 1.00 14.00 A N ATOM 979 CA LEU A 415 48.648 21.409 40.922 1.00 12.59 A C ATOM 980 CB LEU A 415 48.375 21.118 39.443 1.00 12.24 A C ATOM 981 CG LEU A 415 49.452 20.343 38.678 1.00 15.07 A C ATOM 982 CD1 LEU A 415 49.027 20.137 37.238 1.00 13.21 A C ATOM 983 CD2 LEU A 415 50.800 21.055 38.760 1.00 11.85 A C ATOM 984 C LEU A 415 47.444 22.126 41.536 1.00 16.77 A C ATOM 985 O LEU A 415 47.148 23.279 41.191 1.00 10.65 A O ATOM 986 N ARG A 416 46.747 21.434 42.435 1.00 13.53 A N ATOM 987 CA ARG A 416 45.525 21.975 43.034 1.00 17.12 A C ATOM 988 CB ARG A 416 45.879 23.090 44.026 1.00 18.84 A C ATOM 989 CG ARG A 416 46.696 22.579 45.215 1.00 25.04 A C ATOM 990 CD ARG A 416 47.264 23.701 46.102 1.00 42.45 A C ATOM 991 NE ARG A 416 47.936 23.161 47.290 1.00 55.20 A N ATOM 992 CZ ARG A 416 48.633 23.882 48.170 1.00 58.48 A C ATOM 993 NH1 ARG A 416 48.764 25.195 48.013 1.00 57.23 A N ATOM 994 NH2 ARG A 416 49.204 23.289 49.215 1.00 47.79 A N ATOM 995 C ARG A 416 44.539 22.452 41.954 1.00 14.71 A C ATOM 996 O ARG A 416 44.260 23.636 41.819 1.00 17.79 A O ATOM 997 N LEU A 417 44.029 21.509 41.173 1.00 15.18 A N ATOM 998 CA LEU A 417 43.092 21.820 40.099 1.00 16.31 A C ATOM 999 CB LEU A 417 42.602 20.533 39.445 1.00 17.35 A C ATOM 1000 CG LEU A 417 43.236 20.062 38.146 1.00 21.89 A C ATOM 1001 CD1 LEU A 417 44.676 19.654 38.383 1.00 21.71 A C ATOM 1002 CD2 LEU A 417 42.422 18.910 37.580 1.00 19.02 A C ATOM 1003 C LEU A 417 41.864 22.559 40.604 1.00 22.00 A C ATOM 1004 O LEU A 417 41.407 22.331 41.724 1.00 21.62 A O ATOM 1005 N GLU A 418 41.319 23.437 39.771 1.00 15.35 A N ATOM 1006 CA GLU A 418 39.939 23.841 39.961 1.00 16.35 A C ATOM 1007 CB GLU A 418 39.744 25.318 39.699 1.00 19.89 A C ATOM 1008 CG GLU A 418 40.727 26.227 40.377 1.00 27.23 A C ATOM 1009 CD GLU A 418 40.787 27.541 39.662 1.00 33.21 A C ATOM 1010 OE1 GLU A 418 40.238 27.607 38.528 1.00 30.20 A O ATOM 1011 OE2 GLU A 418 41.378 28.490 40.217 1.00 45.03 A O ATOM 1012 C GLU A 418 39.096 23.053 38.975 1.00 15.57 A C ATOM 1013 O GLU A 418 39.609 22.506 37.994 1.00 12.20 A O ATOM 1014 N ARG A 419 37.796 23.024 39.226 1.00 12.89 A N ATOM 1015 CA ARG A 419 36.872 22.241 38.422 1.00 12.88 A C ATOM 1016 CB ARG A 419 35.471 22.342 39.028 1.00 12.88 A C ATOM 1017 CG ARG A 419 34.466 21.368 38.453 1.00 24.19 A C ATOM 1018 CD ARG A 419 33.216 21.347 39.314 1.00 24.82 A C ATOM 1019 NE ARG A 419 32.239 20.377 38.828 1.00 36.72 A N ATOM 1020 CZ ARG A 419 32.388 19.057 38.903 1.00 37.97 A C ATOM 1021 NH1 ARG A 419 33.485 18.527 39.439 1.00 33.99 A N ATOM 1022 NH2 ARG A 419 31.435 18.262 38.437 1.00 38.54 A N ATOM 1023 C ARG A 419 36.874 22.669 36.944 1.00 12.43 A C ATOM 1024 O ARG A 419 36.760 21.829 36.047 1.00 11.81 A O ATOM 1025 N GLU A 420 37.011 23.971 36.697 1.00 9.29 A N ATOM 1026 CA GLU A 420 37.087 24.502 35.333 1.00 8.71 A C ATOM 1027 CB GLU A 420 37.185 26.027 35.346 1.00 8.84 A C ATOM 1028 CG GLU A 420 35.932 26.745 35.786 1.00 8.55 A C ATOM 1029 CD GLU A 420 35.794 26.835 37.297 1.00 12.59 A C ATOM 1030 OE1 GLU A 420 34.795 27.428 37.761 1.00 16.63 A O ATOM 1031 OE2 GLU A 420 36.670 26.324 38.020 1.00 11.37 A O ATOM 1032 C GLU A 420 38.287 23.935 34.571 1.00 10.65 A C ATOM 1033 O GLU A 420 38.205 23.643 33.371 1.00 8.02 A O ATOM 1034 N GLU A 421 39.409 23.800 35.272 1.00 10.35 A N ATOM 1035 CA GLU A 421 40.617 23.285 34.653 1.00 9.75 A C ATOM 1036 CB GLU A 421 41.802 23.492 35.586 1.00 8.77 A C ATOM 1037 CG GLU A 421 42.093 24.953 35.830 1.00 11.31 A C ATOM 1038 CD GLU A 421 43.241 25.177 36.782 1.00 13.29 A C ATOM 1039 OE1 GLU A 421 43.246 24.571 37.875 1.00 13.11 A O ATOM 1040 OE2 GLU A 421 44.136 25.972 36.438 1.00 11.52 A O ATOM 1041 C GLU A 421 40.434 21.807 34.302 1.00 8.84 A C ATOM 1042 O GLU A 421 40.802 21.366 33.213 1.00 11.01 A O ATOM 1043 N TYR A 422 39.856 21.055 35.226 1.00 8.23 A N ATOM 1044 CA TYR A 422 39.553 19.650 34.995 1.00 8.38 A C ATOM 1045 CB TYR A 422 38.929 19.036 36.251 1.00 10.40 A C ATOM 1046 CG TYR A 422 38.035 17.840 36.016 1.00 9.57 A C ATOM 1047 CD1 TYR A 422 38.563 16.613 35.622 1.00 8.81 A C ATOM 1048 CE1 TYR A 422 37.731 15.497 35.426 1.00 8.70 A C ATOM 1049 CD2 TYR A 422 36.660 17.927 36.235 1.00 10.68 A C ATOM 1050 CE2 TYR A 422 35.826 16.829 36.050 1.00 13.62 A C ATOM 1051 CZ TYR A 422 36.363 15.616 35.646 1.00 12.55 A C ATOM 1052 OH TYR A 422 35.521 14.530 35.464 1.00 11.27 A O ATOM 1053 C TYR A 422 38.681 19.425 33.751 1.00 7.77 A C ATOM 1054 O TYR A 422 39.045 18.645 32.881 1.00 9.57 A O ATOM 1055 N VAL A 423 37.546 20.109 33.633 1.00 6.84 A N ATOM 1056 CA VAL A 423 36.706 19.885 32.453 1.00 7.87 A C ATOM 1057 CB VAL A 423 35.308 20.520 32.570 1.00 9.33 A C ATOM 1058 CG1 VAL A 423 34.537 19.908 33.750 1.00 10.97 A C ATOM 1059 CG2 VAL A 423 35.406 22.043 32.710 1.00 8.96 A C ATOM 1060 C VAL A 423 37.402 20.319 31.152 1.00 7.11 A C ATOM 1061 O VAL A 423 37.269 19.663 30.120 1.00 6.06 A O ATOM 1062 N LEU A 424 38.168 21.401 31.196 1.00 6.15 A N ATOM 1063 CA LEU A 424 38.894 21.818 30.002 1.00 6.24 A C ATOM 1064 CB LEU A 424 39.511 23.210 30.175 1.00 6.57 A C ATOM 1065 CG LEU A 424 38.531 24.389 30.072 1.00 8.76 A C ATOM 1066 CD1 LEU A 424 39.009 25.609 30.869 1.00 9.27 A C ATOM 1067 CD2 LEU A 424 38.270 24.763 28.620 1.00 9.39 A C ATOM 1068 C LEU A 424 39.954 20.772 29.644 1.00 8.74 A C ATOM 1069 O LEU A 424 40.070 20.355 28.486 1.00 5.94 A O ATOM 1070 N LEU A 425 40.701 20.328 30.651 1.00 6.82 A N ATOM 1071 CA LEU A 425 41.749 19.342 30.441 1.00 5.92 A C ATOM 1072 CB LEU A 425 42.475 19.065 31.748 1.00 6.23 A C ATOM 1073 CG LEU A 425 43.680 18.124 31.646 1.00 6.80 A C ATOM 1074 CD1 LEU A 425 44.758 18.748 30.761 1.00 6.80 A C ATOM 1075 CD2 LEU A 425 44.221 17.830 33.026 1.00 6.21 A C ATOM 1076 C LEU A 425 41.160 18.036 29.917 1.00 7.43 A C ATOM 1077 O LEU A 425 41.731 17.387 29.031 1.00 5.47 A O ATOM 1078 N LYS A 426 40.017 17.648 30.475 1.00 5.57 A N ATOM 1079 CA LYS A 426 39.379 16.406 30.067 1.00 7.09 A C ATOM 1080 CB LYS A 426 38.214 16.070 31.001 1.00 7.82 A C ATOM 1081 CG LYS A 426 37.478 14.810 30.614 1.00 6.77 A C ATOM 1082 CD LYS A 426 36.706 14.267 31.789 1.00 11.38 A C ATOM 1083 CE LYS A 426 35.480 15.104 32.087 1.00 9.60 A C ATOM 1084 NZ LYS A 426 34.510 14.302 32.900 1.00 14.46 A N ATOM 1085 C LYS A 426 38.919 16.462 28.609 1.00 6.38 A C ATOM 1086 O LYS A 426 39.111 15.515 27.841 1.00 7.93 A O ATOM 1087 N ALA A 427 38.307 17.575 28.229 1.00 7.50 A N ATOM 1088 CA ALA A 427 37.853 17.762 26.856 1.00 8.16 A C ATOM 1089 CB ALA A 427 37.090 19.081 26.719 1.00 5.44 A C ATOM 1090 C ALA A 427 39.053 17.730 25.921 1.00 7.13 A C ATOM 1091 O ALA A 427 39.004 17.133 24.842 1.00 5.94 A O ATOM 1092 N LEU A 428 40.139 18.361 26.360 1.00 7.29 A N ATOM 1093 CA LEU A 428 41.380 18.398 25.589 1.00 8.01 A C ATOM 1094 CB LEU A 428 42.397 19.339 26.245 1.00 6.63 A C ATOM 1095 CG LEU A 428 43.703 19.529 25.472 1.00 8.24 A C ATOM 1096 CD1 LEU A 428 43.417 20.011 24.046 1.00 9.06 A C ATOM 1097 CD2 LEU A 428 44.630 20.502 26.213 1.00 7.30 A C ATOM 1098 C LEU A 428 41.977 17.005 25.430 1.00 6.79 A C ATOM 1099 O LEU A 428 42.481 16.658 24.358 1.00 6.14 A O ATOM 1100 N ALA A 429 41.912 16.200 26.487 1.00 7.19 A N ATOM 1101 CA ALA A 429 42.415 14.836 26.411 1.00 5.65 A C ATOM 1102 CB ALA A 429 42.320 14.157 27.770 1.00 6.20 A C ATOM 1103 C ALA A 429 41.650 14.037 25.360 1.00 6.78 A C ATOM 1104 O ALA A 429 42.214 13.199 24.666 1.00 5.45 A O ATOM 1105 N LEU A 430 40.344 14.270 25.279 1.00 7.60 A N ATOM 1106 CA LEU A 430 39.530 13.624 24.264 1.00 8.00 A C ATOM 1107 CB LEU A 430 38.082 14.077 24.391 1.00 5.99 A C ATOM 1108 CG LEU A 430 37.151 13.694 23.237 1.00 10.42 A C ATOM 1109 CD1 LEU A 430 36.837 12.206 23.290 1.00 8.94 A C ATOM 1110 CD2 LEU A 430 35.858 14.522 23.295 1.00 10.83 A C ATOM 1111 C LEU A 430 40.046 13.986 22.876 1.00 8.39 A C ATOM 1112 O LEU A 430 40.214 13.114 22.019 1.00 7.76 A O ATOM 1113 N ALA A 431 40.307 15.276 22.672 1.00 5.46 A N ATOM 1114 CA ALA A 431 40.668 15.787 21.357 1.00 7.20 A C ATOM 1115 CB ALA A 431 40.371 17.277 21.269 1.00 7.30 A C ATOM 1116 C ALA A 431 42.126 15.534 21.032 1.00 6.17 A C ATOM 1117 O ALA A 431 42.556 15.760 19.911 1.00 7.37 A O ATOM 1118 N ASN A 432 42.891 15.084 22.019 1.00 6.25 A N ATOM 1119 CA ASN A 432 44.306 14.828 21.787 1.00 5.84 A C ATOM 1120 CB ASN A 432 45.172 15.339 22.934 1.00 5.42 A C ATOM 1121 CG ASN A 432 46.630 15.449 22.532 1.00 7.14 A C ATOM 1122 OD1 ASN A 432 46.932 15.864 21.414 1.00 7.76 A O ATOM 1123 ND2 ASN A 432 47.532 15.064 23.421 1.00 4.33 A N ATOM 1124 C ASN A 432 44.593 13.355 21.518 1.00 5.85 A C ATOM 1125 O ASN A 432 45.739 12.900 21.620 1.00 5.13 A O ATOM 1126 N SER A 433 43.535 12.622 21.192 1.00 6.01 A N ATOM 1127 CA SER A 433 43.640 11.238 20.740 1.00 8.50 A C ATOM 1128 CB SER A 433 42.285 10.768 20.217 1.00 7.80 A C ATOM 1129 OG SER A 433 42.441 9.759 19.228 1.00 10.95 A O ATOM 1130 C SER A 433 44.676 11.075 19.630 1.00 8.64 A C ATOM 1131 O SER A 433 44.811 11.936 18.762 1.00 9.43 A O ATOM 1132 N ASP A 434 45.395 9.959 19.653 1.00 6.22 A N ATOM 1133 CA ASP A 434 46.324 9.643 18.584 1.00 9.48 A C ATOM 1134 CB ASP A 434 47.749 9.555 19.131 1.00 7.92 A C ATOM 1135 CG ASP A 434 48.320 10.924 19.465 1.00 7.14 A C ATOM 1136 OD1 ASP A 434 48.600 11.186 20.660 1.00 5.12 A O ATOM 1137 OD2 ASP A 434 48.465 11.740 18.526 1.00 7.55 A O ATOM 1138 C ASP A 434 45.925 8.346 17.888 1.00 18.02 A C ATOM 1139 O ASP A 434 46.773 7.536 17.516 1.00 19.74 A O ATOM 1140 N SER A 435 44.623 8.148 17.721 1.00 17.08 A N ATOM 1141 CA SER A 435 44.125 6.960 17.038 1.00 17.65 A C ATOM 1142 CB SER A 435 42.602 7.017 16.905 1.00 18.23 A C ATOM 1143 OG SER A 435 42.142 6.004 16.025 1.00 23.32 A O ATOM 1144 C SER A 435 44.747 6.830 15.653 1.00 19.96 A C ATOM 1145 O SER A 435 44.768 7.787 14.876 1.00 14.76 A O ATOM 1146 N VAL A 436 45.231 5.631 15.347 1.00 25.14 A N ATOM 1147 CA VAL A 436 45.766 5.313 14.028 1.00 24.59 A C ATOM 1148 CB VAL A 436 46.382 3.908 14.030 1.00 25.48 A C ATOM 1149 CG1 VAL A 436 46.627 3.462 15.461 1.00 31.74 A C ATOM 1150 CG2 VAL A 436 45.454 2.927 13.349 1.00 29.48 A C ATOM 1151 C VAL A 436 44.687 5.364 12.935 1.00 24.11 A C ATOM 1152 O VAL A 436 44.997 5.484 11.747 1.00 27.48 A O ATOM 1153 N HIS A 437 43.423 5.286 13.341 1.00 23.04 A N ATOM 1154 CA HIS A 437 42.313 5.168 12.389 1.00 24.50 A C ATOM 1155 CB HIS A 437 41.287 4.159 12.904 1.00 22.95 A C ATOM 1156 CG HIS A 437 41.883 2.827 13.222 1.00 24.70 A C ATOM 1157 CD2 HIS A 437 42.096 2.204 14.405 1.00 27.02 A C ATOM 1158 ND1 HIS A 437 42.376 1.987 12.249 1.00 28.99 A N ATOM 1159 CE1 HIS A 437 42.850 0.891 12.817 1.00 35.30 A C ATOM 1160 NE2 HIS A 437 42.696 1.000 14.124 1.00 32.58 A N ATOM 1161 C HIS A 437 41.610 6.473 12.050 1.00 25.58 A C ATOM 1162 O HIS A 437 40.536 6.460 11.450 1.00 22.32 A O ATOM 1163 N ILE A 438 42.202 7.597 12.432 1.00 19.92 A N ATOM 1164 CA ILE A 438 41.607 8.892 12.119 1.00 20.49 A C ATOM 1165 CB ILE A 438 42.228 10.005 12.982 1.00 17.72 A C ATOM 1166 CG2 ILE A 438 41.957 11.381 12.366 1.00 19.00 A C ATOM 1167 CG1 ILE A 438 41.699 9.913 14.421 1.00 16.43 A C ATOM 1168 CD1 ILE A 438 42.615 10.586 15.455 1.00 18.54 A C ATOM 1169 C ILE A 438 41.764 9.218 10.632 1.00 22.78 A C ATOM 1170 O ILE A 438 42.867 9.151 10.091 1.00 26.18 A O ATOM 1171 N GLU A 439 40.666 9.570 9.970 1.00 21.53 A N ATOM 1172 CA GLU A 439 40.713 9.815 8.533 1.00 22.55 A C ATOM 1173 CB GLU A 439 39.501 9.194 7.836 1.00 25.78 A C ATOM 1174 CG GLU A 439 38.168 9.888 8.108 1.00 33.70 A C ATOM 1175 CD GLU A 439 36.984 9.020 7.693 1.00 40.85 A C ATOM 1176 OE1 GLU A 439 35.822 9.469 7.838 1.00 31.28 A O ATOM 1177 OE2 GLU A 439 37.227 7.882 7.227 1.00 34.29 A O ATOM 1178 C GLU A 439 40.868 11.291 8.159 1.00 23.80 A C ATOM 1179 O GLU A 439 41.462 11.614 7.133 1.00 23.54 A O ATOM 1180 N ASP A 440 40.334 12.185 8.984 1.00 24.35 A N ATOM 1181 CA ASP A 440 40.566 13.612 8.792 1.00 24.76 A C ATOM 1182 CB ASP A 440 39.250 14.377 8.680 1.00 20.26 A C ATOM 1183 CG ASP A 440 39.440 15.771 8.124 1.00 23.85 A C ATOM 1184 OD1 ASP A 440 40.601 16.240 8.067 1.00 26.74 A O ATOM 1185 OD2 ASP A 440 38.429 16.396 7.740 1.00 27.40 A O ATOM 1186 C ASP A 440 41.423 14.181 9.922 1.00 22.00 A C ATOM 1187 O ASP A 440 40.906 14.710 10.910 1.00 18.34 A O ATOM 1188 N ALA A 441 42.734 14.073 9.755 1.00 17.84 A N ATOM 1189 CA ALA A 441 43.681 14.430 10.805 1.00 22.82 A C ATOM 1190 CB ALA A 441 45.080 13.929 10.454 1.00 20.64 A C ATOM 1191 C ALA A 441 43.713 15.926 11.099 1.00 21.00 A C ATOM 1192 O ALA A 441 44.000 16.338 12.228 1.00 19.72 A O ATOM 1193 N GLU A 442 43.437 16.749 10.095 1.00 21.58 A N ATOM 1194 CA GLU A 442 43.464 18.184 10.343 1.00 20.04 A C ATOM 1195 CB GLU A 442 43.779 18.984 9.073 1.00 25.38 A C ATOM 1196 CG GLU A 442 42.633 19.175 8.106 1.00 39.10 A C ATOM 1197 CD GLU A 442 43.007 20.112 6.959 1.00 54.49 A C ATOM 1198 OE1 GLU A 442 43.856 19.725 6.123 1.00 61.64 A O ATOM 1199 OE2 GLU A 442 42.457 21.235 6.898 1.00 47.00 A O ATOM 1200 C GLU A 442 42.176 18.636 11.029 1.00 19.84 A C ATOM 1201 O GLU A 442 42.169 19.609 11.775 1.00 19.40 A O ATOM 1202 N ALA A 443 41.091 17.908 10.796 1.00 17.15 A N ATOM 1203 CA ALA A 443 39.840 18.207 11.476 1.00 18.23 A C ATOM 1204 CB ALA A 443 38.725 17.378 10.911 1.00 15.37 A C ATOM 1205 C ALA A 443 39.991 17.945 12.974 1.00 18.94 A C ATOM 1206 O ALA A 443 39.504 18.720 13.800 1.00 15.50 A O ATOM 1207 N VAL A 444 40.651 16.842 13.317 1.00 11.01 A N ATOM 1208 CA VAL A 444 40.915 16.534 14.714 1.00 14.83 A C ATOM 1209 CB VAL A 444 41.528 15.136 14.903 1.00 12.93 A C ATOM 1210 CG1 VAL A 444 41.880 14.916 16.372 1.00 12.78 A C ATOM 1211 CG2 VAL A 444 40.586 14.064 14.402 1.00 9.54 A C ATOM 1212 C VAL A 444 41.901 17.546 15.264 1.00 12.87 A C ATOM 1213 O VAL A 444 41.746 18.028 16.380 1.00 9.39 A O ATOM 1214 N GLU A 445 42.924 17.859 14.475 1.00 12.91 A N ATOM 1215 CA GLU A 445 43.889 18.861 14.891 1.00 14.38 A C ATOM 1216 CB GLU A 445 44.917 19.134 13.797 1.00 15.55 A C ATOM 1217 CG GLU A 445 45.958 20.144 14.205 1.00 16.05 A C ATOM 1218 CD GLU A 445 46.977 20.408 13.117 1.00 22.16 A C ATOM 1219 OE1 GLU A 445 48.173 20.152 13.352 1.00 22.61 A O ATOM 1220 OE2 GLU A 445 46.585 20.874 12.026 1.00 30.96 A O ATOM 1221 C GLU A 445 43.177 20.159 15.263 1.00 14.87 A C ATOM 1222 O GLU A 445 43.474 20.756 16.291 1.00 11.42 A O ATOM 1223 N GLN A 446 42.220 20.585 14.440 1.00 15.11 A N ATOM 1224 CA GLN A 446 41.568 21.860 14.695 1.00 17.36 A C ATOM 1225 CB GLN A 446 40.759 22.335 13.482 1.00 17.05 A C ATOM 1226 CG GLN A 446 39.275 22.058 13.571 1.00 31.52 A C ATOM 1227 CD GLN A 446 38.458 22.993 12.690 1.00 46.25 A C ATOM 1228 OE1 GLN A 446 38.992 23.634 11.774 1.00 40.21 A O ATOM 1229 NE2 GLN A 446 37.153 23.077 12.965 1.00 42.91 A N ATOM 1230 C GLN A 446 40.729 21.825 15.983 1.00 14.65 A C ATOM 1231 O GLN A 446 40.694 22.800 16.732 1.00 11.67 A O ATOM 1232 N LEU A 447 40.068 20.702 16.251 1.00 15.45 A N ATOM 1233 CA LEU A 447 39.338 20.556 17.511 1.00 11.38 A C ATOM 1234 CB LEU A 447 38.572 19.232 17.555 1.00 11.90 A C ATOM 1235 CG LEU A 447 37.819 18.964 18.863 1.00 13.32 A C ATOM 1236 CD1 LEU A 447 36.859 20.108 19.173 1.00 13.67 A C ATOM 1237 CD2 LEU A 447 37.072 17.637 18.795 1.00 10.35 A C ATOM 1238 C LEU A 447 40.298 20.644 18.700 1.00 12.43 A C ATOM 1239 O LEU A 447 40.036 21.361 19.667 1.00 10.76 A O ATOM 1240 N ARG A 448 41.407 19.906 18.619 1.00 8.12 A N ATOM 1241 CA ARG A 448 42.438 19.912 19.664 1.00 8.60 A C ATOM 1242 CB ARG A 448 43.599 19.002 19.264 1.00 9.77 A C ATOM 1243 CG ARG A 448 44.710 18.863 20.299 1.00 7.47 A C ATOM 1244 CD ARG A 448 46.029 18.548 19.600 1.00 6.92 A C ATOM 1245 NE ARG A 448 45.902 17.399 18.710 1.00 11.60 A N ATOM 1246 CZ ARG A 448 46.486 17.295 17.517 1.00 12.15 A C ATOM 1247 NH1 ARG A 448 47.233 18.285 17.030 1.00 10.50 A N ATOM 1248 NH2 ARG A 448 46.305 16.203 16.795 1.00 9.94 A N ATOM 1249 C ARG A 448 42.965 21.328 19.893 1.00 13.39 A C ATOM 1250 O ARG A 448 43.060 21.790 21.034 1.00 13.33 A O ATOM 1251 N GLU A 449 43.305 22.019 18.805 1.00 9.29 A N ATOM 1252 CA GLU A 449 43.770 23.403 18.904 1.00 13.30 A C ATOM 1253 CB GLU A 449 44.149 23.959 17.526 1.00 12.75 A C ATOM 1254 CG GLU A 449 45.549 23.575 17.075 1.00 15.91 A C ATOM 1255 CD GLU A 449 45.780 23.844 15.599 1.00 22.96 A C ATOM 1256 OE1 GLU A 449 44.906 24.470 14.956 1.00 24.52 A O ATOM 1257 OE2 GLU A 449 46.831 23.420 15.076 1.00 17.98 A O ATOM 1258 C GLU A 449 42.758 24.326 19.579 1.00 10.98 A C ATOM 1259 O GLU A 449 43.137 25.171 20.393 1.00 10.65 A O ATOM 1260 N ALA A 450 41.480 24.175 19.233 1.00 8.22 A N ATOM 1261 CA ALA A 450 40.443 25.042 19.779 1.00 9.95 A C ATOM 1262 CB ALA A 450 39.093 24.815 19.062 1.00 9.97 A C ATOM 1263 C ALA A 450 40.288 24.828 21.277 1.00 10.41 A C ATOM 1264 O ALA A 450 40.073 25.778 22.022 1.00 11.91 A O ATOM 1265 N LEU A 451 40.379 23.579 21.723 1.00 10.66 A N ATOM 1266 CA LEU A 451 40.256 23.296 23.151 1.00 7.86 A C ATOM 1267 CB LEU A 451 39.934 21.824 23.389 1.00 9.13 A C ATOM 1268 CG LEU A 451 38.504 21.519 22.934 1.00 8.28 A C ATOM 1269 CD1 LEU A 451 38.276 20.030 22.816 1.00 11.12 A C ATOM 1270 CD2 LEU A 451 37.507 22.162 23.895 1.00 6.01 A C ATOM 1271 C LEU A 451 41.492 23.736 23.926 1.00 10.55 A C ATOM 1272 O LEU A 451 41.385 24.208 25.058 1.00 10.13 A O ATOM 1273 N HIS A 452 42.664 23.594 23.310 1.00 7.71 A N ATOM 1274 CA HIS A 452 43.884 24.095 23.917 1.00 11.17 A C ATOM 1275 CB HIS A 452 45.099 23.727 23.064 1.00 9.18 A C ATOM 1276 CG HIS A 452 46.396 24.236 23.603 1.00 10.33 A C ATOM 1277 CD2 HIS A 452 46.807 24.462 24.874 1.00 11.74 A C ATOM 1278 ND1 HIS A 452 47.453 24.585 22.789 1.00 13.92 A N ATOM 1279 CE1 HIS A 452 48.464 24.997 23.538 1.00 13.80 A C ATOM 1280 NE2 HIS A 452 48.099 24.933 24.804 1.00 12.48 A N ATOM 1281 C HIS A 452 43.787 25.615 24.099 1.00 10.62 A C ATOM 1282 O HIS A 452 44.086 26.132 25.174 1.00 10.48 A O ATOM 1283 N GLU A 453 43.362 26.324 23.055 1.00 11.13 A N ATOM 1284 CA GLU A 453 43.245 27.783 23.135 1.00 13.13 A C ATOM 1285 CB GLU A 453 42.901 28.386 21.768 1.00 15.88 A C ATOM 1286 CG GLU A 453 42.436 29.856 21.810 1.00 26.46 A C ATOM 1287 CD GLU A 453 43.584 30.868 21.927 1.00 37.28 A C ATOM 1288 OE1 GLU A 453 43.306 32.047 22.253 1.00 40.62 A O ATOM 1289 OE2 GLU A 453 44.758 30.491 21.693 1.00 33.52 A O ATOM 1290 C GLU A 453 42.214 28.185 24.193 1.00 12.79 A C ATOM 1291 O GLU A 453 42.394 29.172 24.904 1.00 9.59 A O ATOM 1292 N ALA A 454 41.139 27.404 24.301 1.00 10.51 A N ATOM 1293 CA ALA A 454 40.165 27.600 25.366 1.00 10.72 A C ATOM 1294 CB ALA A 454 39.044 26.560 25.273 1.00 9.25 A C ATOM 1295 C ALA A 454 40.846 27.534 26.732 1.00 10.67 A C ATOM 1296 O ALA A 454 40.652 28.403 27.568 1.00 10.84 A O ATOM 1297 N LEU A 455 41.640 26.492 26.964 1.00 10.88 A N ATOM 1298 CA LEU A 455 42.345 26.353 28.236 1.00 8.61 A C ATOM 1299 CB LEU A 455 43.221 25.088 28.250 1.00 7.42 A C ATOM 1300 CG LEU A 455 44.127 24.857 29.472 1.00 8.75 A C ATOM 1301 CD1 LEU A 455 43.341 24.897 30.782 1.00 6.63 A C ATOM 1302 CD2 LEU A 455 44.913 23.547 29.352 1.00 6.89 A C ATOM 1303 C LEU A 455 43.200 27.588 28.504 1.00 9.40 A C ATOM 1304 O LEU A 455 43.184 28.138 29.607 1.00 7.99 A O ATOM 1305 N LEU A 456 43.950 28.012 27.487 1.00 10.89 A N ATOM 1306 CA LEU A 456 44.818 29.186 27.583 1.00 11.72 A C ATOM 1307 CB LEU A 456 45.549 29.396 26.254 1.00 14.86 A C ATOM 1308 CG LEU A 456 47.032 29.041 26.111 1.00 21.47 A C ATOM 1309 CD1 LEU A 456 47.549 28.219 27.269 1.00 14.74 A C ATOM 1310 CD2 LEU A 456 47.300 28.348 24.772 1.00 17.27 A C ATOM 1311 C LEU A 456 44.028 30.450 27.921 1.00 12.19 A C ATOM 1312 O LEU A 456 44.414 31.229 28.800 1.00 10.93 A O ATOM 1313 N GLU A 457 42.928 30.656 27.202 1.00 9.66 A N ATOM 1314 CA GLU A 457 42.117 31.845 27.399 1.00 11.10 A C ATOM 1315 CB GLU A 457 41.012 31.938 26.348 1.00 13.16 A C ATOM 1316 CG GLU A 457 41.526 32.147 24.927 1.00 16.72 A C ATOM 1317 CD GLU A 457 40.403 32.205 23.888 1.00 29.59 A C ATOM 1318 OE1 GLU A 457 40.717 32.236 22.676 1.00 30.94 A O ATOM 1319 OE2 GLU A 457 39.213 32.220 24.280 1.00 26.23 A O ATOM 1320 C GLU A 457 41.523 31.823 28.795 1.00 11.37 A C ATOM 1321 O GLU A 457 41.504 32.846 29.478 1.00 11.20 A O ATOM 1322 N TYR A 458 41.058 30.652 29.230 1.00 9.53 A N ATOM 1323 CA TYR A 458 40.542 30.536 30.591 1.00 14.47 A C ATOM 1324 CB TYR A 458 40.051 29.121 30.928 1.00 10.65 A C ATOM 1325 CG TYR A 458 39.702 29.013 32.400 1.00 14.28 A C ATOM 1326 CD1 TYR A 458 38.490 29.501 32.891 1.00 13.02 A C ATOM 1327 CE1 TYR A 458 38.179 29.425 34.242 1.00 16.48 A C ATOM 1328 CD2 TYR A 458 40.602 28.469 33.305 1.00 14.10 A C ATOM 1329 CE2 TYR A 458 40.305 28.393 34.654 1.00 16.20 A C ATOM 1330 CZ TYR A 458 39.095 28.872 35.117 1.00 18.51 A C ATOM 1331 OH TYR A 458 38.811 28.781 36.460 1.00 20.92 A O ATOM 1332 C TYR A 458 41.598 30.955 31.607 1.00 15.93 A C ATOM 1333 O TYR A 458 41.324 31.750 32.514 1.00 14.40 A O ATOM 1334 N GLU A 459 42.807 30.422 31.455 1.00 11.63 A N ATOM 1335 CA GLU A 459 43.875 30.716 32.401 1.00 13.04 A C ATOM 1336 CB GLU A 459 45.127 29.892 32.094 1.00 15.32 A C ATOM 1337 CG GLU A 459 44.930 28.394 32.295 1.00 12.08 A C ATOM 1338 CD GLU A 459 44.667 28.034 33.745 1.00 13.32 A C ATOM 1339 OE1 GLU A 459 44.650 28.942 34.606 1.00 15.61 A O ATOM 1340 OE2 GLU A 459 44.484 26.841 34.033 1.00 10.12 A O ATOM 1341 C GLU A 459 44.208 32.200 32.386 1.00 16.76 A C ATOM 1342 O GLU A 459 44.403 32.812 33.439 1.00 20.81 A O ATOM 1343 N ALA A 460 44.267 32.772 31.189 1.00 13.37 A N ATOM 1344 CA ALA A 460 44.658 34.167 31.022 1.00 18.22 A C ATOM 1345 CB ALA A 460 44.771 34.518 29.530 1.00 17.66 A C ATOM 1346 C ALA A 460 43.667 35.096 31.713 1.00 18.87 A C ATOM 1347 O ALA A 460 44.027 36.187 32.155 1.00 17.28 A O ATOM 1348 N GLY A 461 42.420 34.651 31.811 1.00 13.96 A N ATOM 1349 CA GLY A 461 41.367 35.480 32.359 1.00 17.50 A C ATOM 1350 C GLY A 461 41.030 35.266 33.824 1.00 24.82 A C ATOM 1351 O GLY A 461 40.097 35.888 34.326 1.00 24.71 A O ATOM 1352 N ARG A 462 41.761 34.392 34.516 1.00 27.99 A N ATOM 1353 CA ARG A 462 41.496 34.184 35.939 1.00 27.80 A C ATOM 1354 CB ARG A 462 42.321 33.033 36.529 1.00 27.47 A C ATOM 1355 CG ARG A 462 42.322 31.756 35.713 1.00 28.09 A C ATOM 1356 CD ARG A 462 41.902 30.549 36.550 1.00 30.71 A C ATOM 1357 NE ARG A 462 42.527 30.494 37.870 1.00 30.04 A N ATOM 1358 CZ ARG A 462 43.352 29.528 38.270 1.00 38.66 A C ATOM 1359 NH1 ARG A 462 43.661 28.534 37.447 1.00 27.12 A N ATOM 1360 NH2 ARG A 462 43.870 29.553 39.495 1.00 38.79 A N ATOM 1361 C ARG A 462 41.781 35.475 36.703 1.00 30.36 A C ATOM 1362 O ARG A 462 40.864 36.121 37.215 1.00 33.54 A O ATOM 1363 N GLY A 467 57.554 33.642 29.449 1.00 31.18 N ATOM 1364 CA GLY A 467 57.315 32.741 30.563 1.00 33.18 C ATOM 1365 C GLY A 467 55.889 32.770 31.090 1.00 43.87 C ATOM 1366 O GLY A 467 55.650 32.403 32.246 1.00 49.22 O ATOM 1367 N GLY A 468 54.950 33.187 30.235 1.00 44.36 N ATOM 1368 CA GLY A 468 53.550 33.393 30.594 1.00 38.41 C ATOM 1369 C GLY A 468 53.034 32.617 31.790 1.00 43.19 C ATOM 1370 O GLY A 468 53.016 31.399 31.761 1.00 42.24 O ATOM 1371 O ALA A 469 50.412 31.103 34.683 1.00 38.34 O ATOM 1372 N ALA A 469 52.606 33.327 32.837 1.00 57.57 N ATOM 1373 CA ALA A 469 52.127 32.699 34.077 1.00 47.79 C ATOM 1374 C ALA A 469 50.862 31.883 33.831 1.00 42.70 C ATOM 1375 CB ALA A 469 51.886 33.747 35.152 1.00 53.53 C ATOM 1376 N GLU A 470 50.286 32.077 32.652 1.00 49.90 N ATOM 1377 CA GLU A 470 49.229 31.206 32.173 1.00 44.12 C ATOM 1378 C GLU A 470 49.866 29.881 31.772 1.00 38.68 C ATOM 1379 CB GLU A 470 48.517 31.848 30.987 1.00 45.04 C ATOM 1380 CG GLU A 470 48.080 33.273 31.272 1.00 37.73 C ATOM 1381 CD GLU A 470 48.604 34.255 30.246 1.00 45.69 C ATOM 1382 OE1 GLU A 470 47.821 34.670 29.364 1.00 45.18 O ATOM 1383 OE2 GLU A 470 49.805 34.606 30.316 1.00 53.29 O ATOM 1384 O GLU A 470 49.187 29.035 31.176 1.00 22.49 O ATOM 1385 N ARG A 472 51.175 29.768 32.084 1.00 38.15 A N ATOM 1386 CA ARG A 472 52.000 28.538 32.163 1.00 28.98 A C ATOM 1387 CB ARG A 472 53.407 28.910 32.624 1.00 32.47 A C ATOM 1388 CG ARG A 472 53.960 28.048 33.758 1.00 28.83 A C ATOM 1389 CD ARG A 472 55.076 28.765 34.521 1.00 36.97 A C ATOM 1390 NE ARG A 472 54.552 29.761 35.457 1.00 49.68 A N ATOM 1391 CZ ARG A 472 55.221 30.835 35.875 1.00 48.56 A C ATOM 1392 NH1 ARG A 472 56.449 31.077 35.435 1.00 47.42 A N ATOM 1393 NH2 ARG A 472 54.654 31.679 36.727 1.00 57.24 A N ATOM 1394 C ARG A 472 51.460 27.528 33.167 1.00 22.66 A C ATOM 1395 O ARG A 472 51.953 26.385 33.296 1.00 15.82 A O ATOM 1396 N ARG A 473 50.483 27.992 33.924 1.00 12.06 A N ATOM 1397 CA ARG A 473 49.577 27.123 34.611 1.00 13.43 A C ATOM 1398 CB ARG A 473 48.402 27.962 35.118 1.00 14.06 A C ATOM 1399 CG ARG A 473 47.281 27.168 35.726 1.00 16.08 A C ATOM 1400 CD ARG A 473 47.744 26.481 36.985 1.00 14.45 A C ATOM 1401 NE ARG A 473 46.686 25.663 37.574 1.00 18.74 A N ATOM 1402 CZ ARG A 473 46.863 24.907 38.651 1.00 18.61 A C ATOM 1403 NH1 ARG A 473 48.060 24.882 39.231 1.00 13.30 A N ATOM 1404 NH2 ARG A 473 45.858 24.181 39.143 1.00 13.45 A N ATOM 1405 C ARG A 473 49.103 26.068 33.599 1.00 9.75 A C ATOM 1406 O ARG A 473 49.060 24.886 33.908 1.00 9.07 A O ATOM 1407 N ALA A 474 48.764 26.503 32.387 1.00 8.60 A N ATOM 1408 CA ALA A 474 48.233 25.602 31.357 1.00 12.29 A C ATOM 1409 CB ALA A 474 47.836 26.372 30.101 1.00 7.83 A C ATOM 1410 C ALA A 474 49.209 24.476 31.001 1.00 9.60 A C ATOM 1411 O ALA A 474 48.821 23.312 30.918 1.00 6.48 A O ATOM 1412 N GLY A 475 50.474 24.825 30.791 1.00 8.47 A N ATOM 1413 CA GLY A 475 51.472 23.820 30.478 1.00 6.70 A C ATOM 1414 C GLY A 475 51.596 22.777 31.579 1.00 7.84 A C ATOM 1415 O GLY A 475 51.806 21.594 31.308 1.00 6.38 A O ATOM 1416 N ARG A 476 51.470 23.207 32.830 1.00 7.27 A N ATOM 1417 CA ARG A 476 51.621 22.276 33.937 1.00 9.01 A C ATOM 1418 CB ARG A 476 51.709 23.000 35.285 1.00 10.28 A C ATOM 1419 CG ARG A 476 53.021 23.745 35.462 1.00 14.06 A C ATOM 1420 CD ARG A 476 53.149 24.466 36.810 1.00 13.23 A C ATOM 1421 NE ARG A 476 54.392 25.229 36.835 1.00 21.02 A N ATOM 1422 CZ ARG A 476 54.731 26.093 37.788 1.00 28.20 A C ATOM 1423 NH1 ARG A 476 53.917 26.303 38.812 1.00 24.66 A N ATOM 1424 NH2 ARG A 476 55.887 26.742 37.716 1.00 27.48 A N ATOM 1425 C ARG A 476 50.502 21.243 33.937 1.00 8.35 A C ATOM 1426 O ARG A 476 50.720 20.076 34.296 1.00 6.16 A O ATOM 1427 N LEU A 477 49.307 21.668 33.544 1.00 9.30 A N ATOM 1428 CA LEU A 477 48.212 20.713 33.384 1.00 8.69 A C ATOM 1429 CB LEU A 477 46.885 21.429 33.139 1.00 7.76 A C ATOM 1430 CG LEU A 477 46.513 22.531 34.142 1.00 11.82 A C ATOM 1431 CD1 LEU A 477 45.216 23.218 33.737 1.00 11.76 A C ATOM 1432 CD2 LEU A 477 46.399 21.973 35.540 1.00 9.57 A C ATOM 1433 C LEU A 477 48.526 19.755 32.229 1.00 5.56 A C ATOM 1434 O LEU A 477 48.350 18.551 32.362 1.00 6.17 A O ATOM 1435 N LEU A 478 49.007 20.294 31.109 1.00 6.20 A N ATOM 1436 CA LEU A 478 49.321 19.463 29.939 1.00 7.90 A C ATOM 1437 CB LEU A 478 49.795 20.297 28.739 1.00 6.55 A C ATOM 1438 CG LEU A 478 48.915 21.411 28.161 1.00 10.60 A C ATOM 1439 CD1 LEU A 478 49.393 21.834 26.750 1.00 6.64 A C ATOM 1440 CD2 LEU A 478 47.465 20.999 28.127 1.00 6.74 A C ATOM 1441 C LEU A 478 50.369 18.406 30.266 1.00 4.61 A C ATOM 1442 O LEU A 478 50.329 17.306 29.723 1.00 4.57 A O ATOM 1443 N LEU A 479 51.283 18.730 31.174 1.00 3.82 A N ATOM 1444 CA LEU A 479 52.391 17.824 31.474 1.00 6.73 A C ATOM 1445 CB LEU A 479 53.524 18.546 32.203 1.00 3.69 A C ATOM 1446 CG LEU A 479 54.400 19.457 31.336 1.00 6.62 A C ATOM 1447 CD1 LEU A 479 55.179 20.409 32.225 1.00 6.04 A C ATOM 1448 CD2 LEU A 479 55.350 18.640 30.461 1.00 6.42 A C ATOM 1449 C LEU A 479 51.958 16.587 32.266 1.00 5.21 A C ATOM 1450 O LEU A 479 52.767 15.681 32.488 1.00 5.37 A O ATOM 1451 N THR A 480 50.700 16.568 32.705 1.00 4.49 A N ATOM 1452 CA THR A 480 50.142 15.393 33.371 1.00 5.19 A C ATOM 1453 CB THR A 480 49.115 15.771 34.454 1.00 5.02 A C ATOM 1454 OG1 THR A 480 47.881 16.129 33.828 1.00 3.89 A O ATOM 1455 CG2 THR A 480 49.612 16.943 35.313 1.00 7.08 A C ATOM 1456 C THR A 480 49.458 14.442 32.376 1.00 5.92 A C ATOM 1457 O THR A 480 49.067 13.323 32.730 1.00 4.76 A O ATOM 1458 N LEU A 481 49.315 14.879 31.131 1.00 4.99 A N ATOM 1459 CA LEU A 481 48.643 14.053 30.132 1.00 6.38 A C ATOM 1460 CB LEU A 481 48.323 14.876 28.879 1.00 4.09 A C ATOM 1461 CG LEU A 481 47.263 15.959 29.112 1.00 6.36 A C ATOM 1462 CD1 LEU A 481 47.099 16.855 27.885 1.00 4.83 A C ATOM 1463 CD2 LEU A 481 45.928 15.311 29.503 1.00 6.78 A C ATOM 1464 C LEU A 481 49.419 12.765 29.787 1.00 6.72 A C ATOM 1465 O LEU A 481 48.823 11.723 29.508 1.00 7.93 A O ATOM 1466 N PRO A 482 50.753 12.834 29.782 1.00 6.60 A N ATOM 1467 CD PRO A 482 51.648 14.000 29.669 1.00 4.04 A C ATOM 1468 CA PRO A 482 51.450 11.572 29.529 1.00 6.31 A C ATOM 1469 CB PRO A 482 52.924 11.978 29.568 1.00 7.44 A C ATOM 1470 CG PRO A 482 52.914 13.410 29.084 1.00 4.45 A C ATOM 1471 C PRO A 482 51.135 10.516 30.590 1.00 7.02 A C ATOM 1472 O PRO A 482 50.852 9.372 30.233 1.00 5.79 A O ATOM 1473 N LEU A 483 51.167 10.886 31.867 1.00 6.14 A N ATOM 1474 CA LEU A 483 50.840 9.928 32.915 1.00 7.66 A C ATOM 1475 CB LEU A 483 51.102 10.501 34.317 1.00 5.49 A C ATOM 1476 CG LEU A 483 50.748 9.589 35.501 1.00 6.58 A C ATOM 1477 CD1 LEU A 483 51.488 8.251 35.455 1.00 7.85 A C ATOM 1478 CD2 LEU A 483 50.984 10.286 36.848 1.00 8.45 A C ATOM 1479 C LEU A 483 49.387 9.491 32.784 1.00 6.34 A C ATOM 1480 O LEU A 483 49.050 8.338 33.068 1.00 6.26 A O ATOM 1481 N LEU A 484 48.519 10.405 32.361 1.00 5.41 A N ATOM 1482 CA LEU A 484 47.112 10.037 32.191 1.00 4.94 A C ATOM 1483 CB LEU A 484 46.267 11.235 31.773 1.00 5.72 A C ATOM 1484 CG LEU A 484 44.838 10.871 31.359 1.00 8.11 A C ATOM 1485 CD1 LEU A 484 44.121 10.158 32.516 1.00 7.42 A C ATOM 1486 CD2 LEU A 484 44.037 12.092 30.873 1.00 4.36 A C ATOM 1487 C LEU A 484 46.958 8.894 31.179 1.00 8.10 A C ATOM 1488 O LEU A 484 46.278 7.899 31.448 1.00 7.35 A O ATOM 1489 N ARG A 485 47.600 9.034 30.019 1.00 8.09 A N ATOM 1490 CA ARG A 485 47.514 8.009 28.978 1.00 5.79 A C ATOM 1491 CB ARG A 485 48.158 8.485 27.668 1.00 5.19 A C ATOM 1492 CG ARG A 485 47.974 7.494 26.509 1.00 8.17 A C ATOM 1493 CD ARG A 485 48.363 8.079 25.151 1.00 7.22 A C ATOM 1494 NE ARG A 485 47.455 9.129 24.704 1.00 8.05 A N ATOM 1495 CZ ARG A 485 47.585 9.771 23.550 1.00 6.38 A C ATOM 1496 NH1 ARG A 485 48.588 9.466 22.733 1.00 9.41 A N ATOM 1497 NH2 ARG A 485 46.727 10.718 23.213 1.00 6.28 A N ATOM 1498 C ARG A 485 48.126 6.682 29.445 1.00 9.91 A C ATOM 1499 O ARG A 485 47.532 5.610 29.246 1.00 8.36 A O ATOM 1500 N GLN A 486 49.297 6.766 30.077 1.00 6.47 A N ATOM 1501 CA GLN A 486 49.983 5.605 30.642 1.00 7.15 A C ATOM 1502 CB GLN A 486 51.280 6.043 31.325 1.00 8.50 A C ATOM 1503 CG GLN A 486 52.116 4.889 31.885 1.00 13.05 A C ATOM 1504 CD GLN A 486 53.436 5.358 32.486 1.00 18.63 A C ATOM 1505 OE1 GLN A 486 54.385 4.586 32.611 1.00 27.27 A O ATOM 1506 NE2 GLN A 486 53.498 6.622 32.857 1.00 7.54 A N ATOM 1507 C GLN A 486 49.105 4.868 31.662 1.00 8.58 A C ATOM 1508 O GLN A 486 49.034 3.634 31.671 1.00 10.15 A O ATOM 1509 N THR A 487 48.458 5.629 32.533 1.00 6.57 A N ATOM 1510 CA THR A 487 47.601 5.041 33.554 1.00 6.03 A C ATOM 1511 CB THR A 487 47.020 6.102 34.508 1.00 6.25 A C ATOM 1512 OG1 THR A 487 48.089 6.869 35.083 1.00 6.80 A O ATOM 1513 CG2 THR A 487 46.222 5.451 35.628 1.00 6.92 A C ATOM 1514 C THR A 487 46.474 4.262 32.885 1.00 8.30 A C ATOM 1515 O THR A 487 46.188 3.136 33.284 1.00 8.08 A O ATOM 1516 N ALA A 488 45.838 4.859 31.869 1.00 7.90 A N ATOM 1517 CA ALA A 488 44.778 4.172 31.121 1.00 7.61 A C ATOM 1518 CB ALA A 488 44.158 5.094 30.086 1.00 6.25 A C ATOM 1519 C ALA A 488 45.268 2.874 30.462 1.00 9.70 A C ATOM 1520 O ALA A 488 44.570 1.854 30.480 1.00 9.54 A O ATOM 1521 N GLY A 489 46.467 2.915 29.881 1.00 9.15 A N ATOM 1522 CA GLY A 489 47.078 1.724 29.316 1.00 8.13 A C ATOM 1523 C GLY A 489 47.277 0.653 30.375 1.00 12.71 A C ATOM 1524 O GLY A 489 47.060 −0.540 30.124 1.00 13.11 A O ATOM 1525 N LYS A 490 47.690 1.077 31.567 1.00 10.81 A N ATOM 1526 CA LYS A 490 47.919 0.151 32.674 1.00 11.63 A C ATOM 1527 CB LYS A 490 48.531 0.883 33.874 1.00 10.68 A C ATOM 1528 CG LYS A 490 50.058 1.014 33.831 1.00 12.15 A C ATOM 1529 CD LYS A 490 50.520 2.108 34.780 1.00 18.49 A C ATOM 1530 CE LYS A 490 51.784 1.723 35.538 1.00 27.57 A C ATOM 1531 NZ LYS A 490 52.910 1.332 34.646 1.00 30.65 A N ATOM 1532 C LYS A 490 46.617 −0.539 33.080 1.00 10.40 A C ATOM 1533 O LYS A 490 46.594 −1.740 33.334 1.00 9.67 A O ATOM 1534 N VAL A 491 45.531 0.227 33.136 1.00 10.22 A N ATOM 1535 CA VAL A 491 44.227 −0.336 33.474 1.00 9.82 A C ATOM 1536 CB VAL A 491 43.143 0.759 33.568 1.00 12.35 A C ATOM 1537 CG1 VAL A 491 41.758 0.129 33.706 1.00 8.81 A C ATOM 1538 CG2 VAL A 491 43.435 1.709 34.740 1.00 8.17 A C ATOM 1539 C VAL A 491 43.815 −1.394 32.444 1.00 10.85 A C ATOM 1540 O VAL A 491 43.376 −2.493 32.802 1.00 10.60 A O ATOM 1541 N LEU A 492 43.970 −1.065 31.166 1.00 9.78 A N ATOM 1542 CA LEU A 492 43.612 −1.999 30.101 1.00 11.20 A C ATOM 1543 CB LEU A 492 43.727 −1.335 28.726 1.00 12.15 A C ATOM 1544 CG LEU A 492 42.641 −0.300 28.433 1.00 11.13 A C ATOM 1545 CD1 LEU A 492 43.057 0.656 27.331 1.00 14.47 A C ATOM 1546 CD2 LEU A 492 41.326 −0.995 28.097 1.00 13.28 A C ATOM 1547 C LEU A 492 44.474 −3.257 30.166 1.00 12.71 A C ATOM 1548 O LEU A 492 43.971 −4.364 30.014 1.00 16.59 A O ATOM 1549 N ALA A 493 45.769 −3.081 30.406 1.00 10.68 A N ATOM 1550 CA ALA A 493 46.692 −4.211 30.481 1.00 15.18 A C ATOM 1551 CB ALA A 493 48.133 −3.719 30.642 1.00 10.48 A C ATOM 1552 C ALA A 493 46.312 −5.157 31.626 1.00 14.89 A C ATOM 1553 O ALA A 493 46.390 −6.382 31.488 1.00 14.30 A O ATOM 1554 N HIS A 494 45.897 −4.586 32.754 1.00 10.41 A N ATOM 1555 CA HIS A 494 45.480 −5.391 33.888 1.00 13.47 A C ATOM 1556 CB HIS A 494 45.179 −4.509 35.098 1.00 12.79 A C ATOM 1557 CG HIS A 494 44.532 −5.249 36.226 1.00 12.11 A C ATOM 1558 CD2 HIS A 494 43.241 −5.341 36.606 1.00 10.14 A C ATOM 1559 ND1 HIS A 494 45.250 −6.048 37.096 1.00 11.52 A N ATOM 1560 CE1 HIS A 494 44.418 −6.583 37.975 1.00 14.57 A C ATOM 1561 NE2 HIS A 494 43.195 −6.173 37.698 1.00 13.14 A N ATOM 1562 C HIS A 494 44.265 −6.276 33.562 1.00 16.47 A C ATOM 1563 O HIS A 494 44.227 −7.459 33.912 1.00 14.02 A O ATOM 1564 N PHE A 495 43.268 −5.710 32.894 1.00 13.66 A N ATOM 1565 CA PHE A 495 42.062 −6.481 32.619 1.00 13.58 A C ATOM 1566 CB PHE A 495 40.850 −5.571 32.440 1.00 14.70 A C ATOM 1567 CG PHE A 495 40.357 −4.976 33.729 1.00 16.86 A C ATOM 1568 CD1 PHE A 495 39.483 −5.686 34.545 1.00 12.62 A C ATOM 1569 CD2 PHE A 495 40.778 −3.719 34.137 1.00 10.12 A C ATOM 1570 CE1 PHE A 495 39.028 −5.150 35.738 1.00 12.50 A C ATOM 1571 CE2 PHE A 495 40.329 −3.169 35.334 1.00 12.02 A C ATOM 1572 CZ PHE A 495 39.455 −3.882 36.137 1.00 14.88 A C ATOM 1573 C PHE A 495 42.233 −7.448 31.448 1.00 16.82 A C ATOM 1574 O PHE A 495 41.553 −8.474 31.380 1.00 18.15 A O ATOM 1575 N TYR A 496 43.156 −7.139 30.542 1.00 12.11 A N ATOM 1576 CA TYR A 496 43.447 −8.055 29.447 1.00 21.15 A C ATOM 1577 CB TYR A 496 44.001 −7.313 28.225 1.00 19.88 A C ATOM 1578 CG TYR A 496 42.926 −6.834 27.275 1.00 21.34 A C ATOM 1579 CD1 TYR A 496 42.366 −5.572 27.415 1.00 18.88 A C ATOM 1580 CE1 TYR A 496 41.379 −5.127 26.560 1.00 25.39 A C ATOM 1581 CD2 TYR A 496 42.463 −7.648 26.245 1.00 22.92 A C ATOM 1582 CE2 TYR A 496 41.469 −7.212 25.376 1.00 23.95 A C ATOM 1583 CZ TYR A 496 40.928 −5.947 25.542 1.00 27.62 A C ATOM 1584 OH TYR A 496 39.937 −5.490 24.697 1.00 25.41 A O ATOM 1585 C TYR A 496 44.414 −9.151 29.879 1.00 21.85 A C ATOM 1586 O TYR A 496 44.498 −10.195 29.235 1.00 26.69 A O ATOM 1587 N GLY A 497 45.130 −8.914 30.972 1.00 14.30 A N ATOM 1588 CA GLY A 497 46.203 −9.806 31.386 1.00 24.56 A C ATOM 1589 C GLY A 497 47.316 −9.753 30.360 1.00 28.72 A C ATOM 1590 O GLY A 497 47.077 −9.386 29.212 1.00 38.25 A O ATOM 1591 N VAL A 498 48.530 −10.115 30.751 1.00 35.38 A N ATOM 1592 CA VAL A 498 49.669 −10.002 29.836 1.00 36.63 A C ATOM 1593 CB VAL A 498 50.529 −8.807 30.207 1.00 26.53 A C ATOM 1594 CG1 VAL A 498 49.830 −7.521 29.770 1.00 26.24 A C ATOM 1595 CG2 VAL A 498 50.766 −8.805 31.706 1.00 24.96 A C ATOM 1596 C VAL A 498 50.533 −11.263 29.748 1.00 30.44 A C ATOM 1597 O VAL A 498 51.458 −11.456 30.534 1.00 38.80 A O ATOM 1598 N LEU A 500 49.353 −10.929 26.127 1.00 33.40 A N ATOM 1599 CA LEU A 500 48.100 −10.165 26.188 1.00 44.11 A C ATOM 1600 CB LEU A 500 48.125 −9.002 25.197 1.00 39.34 A C ATOM 1601 CG LEU A 500 47.232 −7.801 25.526 1.00 42.26 A C ATOM 1602 CD1 LEU A 500 47.446 −6.670 24.521 1.00 44.56 A C ATOM 1603 CD2 LEU A 500 45.773 −8.205 25.568 1.00 41.57 A C ATOM 1604 C LEU A 500 46.877 −11.048 25.927 1.00 37.26 A C ATOM 1605 O LEU A 500 46.350 −11.085 24.817 1.00 41.98 A O ATOM 1606 N LYS A 501 46.408 −11.718 26.972 1.00 36.58 N ATOM 1607 CA LYS A 501 45.471 −12.830 26.831 1.00 36.70 C ATOM 1608 C LYS A 501 44.045 −12.462 26.375 1.00 41.70 C ATOM 1609 CB LYS A 501 45.451 −13.636 28.128 1.00 32.29 C ATOM 1610 CG LYS A 501 46.741 −13.512 28.919 1.00 31.65 C ATOM 1611 CD LYS A 501 46.963 −14.693 29.849 1.00 34.94 C ATOM 1612 CE LYS A 501 47.808 −14.292 31.040 1.00 35.22 C ATOM 1613 NZ LYS A 501 47.184 −13.159 31.794 1.00 42.32 N ATOM 1614 O LYS A 501 43.573 −12.965 25.352 1.00 50.52 A O ATOM 1615 N GLY A 502 43.360 −11.599 27.123 1.00 35.42 A N ATOM 1616 CA GLY A 502 42.014 −11.182 26.756 1.00 33.73 A C ATOM 1617 C GLY A 502 40.925 −11.689 27.694 1.00 36.80 A C ATOM 1618 O GLY A 502 39.788 −11.933 27.271 1.00 32.83 A O ATOM 1619 N LYS A 503 41.280 −11.839 28.970 1.00 30.78 A N ATOM 1620 CA LYS A 503 40.371 −12.320 30.007 1.00 25.52 A C ATOM 1621 CB LYS A 503 41.084 −12.332 31.360 1.00 29.96 A C ATOM 1622 CG LYS A 503 42.588 −12.524 31.289 1.00 29.72 A C ATOM 1623 CD LYS A 503 42.978 −13.554 30.242 1.00 34.88 A C ATOM 1624 CE LYS A 503 44.025 −14.527 30.766 1.00 41.36 A C ATOM 1625 NZ LYS A 503 43.476 −15.895 31.017 1.00 40.90 A N ATOM 1626 C LYS A 503 39.126 −11.447 30.127 1.00 29.45 A C ATOM 1627 O LYS A 503 38.002 −11.949 30.216 1.00 24.86 A O ATOM 1628 N VAL A 504 39.344 −10.136 30.159 1.00 20.96 A N ATOM 1629 CA VAL A 504 38.259 −9.164 30.245 1.00 22.57 A C ATOM 1630 CB VAL A 504 38.282 −8.432 31.604 1.00 19.39 A C ATOM 1631 CG1 VAL A 504 37.049 −7.538 31.765 1.00 17.76 A C ATOM 1632 CG2 VAL A 504 38.379 −9.441 32.747 1.00 18.00 A C ATOM 1633 C VAL A 504 38.451 −8.151 29.117 1.00 25.25 A C ATOM 1634 O VAL A 504 39.164 −7.167 29.288 1.00 17.14 A O ATOM 1635 N PRO A 505 37.826 −8.402 27.955 1.00 23.29 A N ATOM 1636 CD PRO A 505 36.804 −9.435 27.732 1.00 27.39 A C ATOM 1637 CA PRO A 505 38.097 −7.649 26.729 1.00 26.92 A C ATOM 1638 CB PRO A 505 37.585 −8.583 25.615 1.00 26.04 A C ATOM 1639 CG PRO A 505 37.043 −9.809 26.305 1.00 28.68 A C ATOM 1640 C PRO A 505 37.337 −6.331 26.680 1.00 24.66 A C ATOM 1641 O PRO A 505 36.324 −6.232 25.990 1.00 27.19 A O ATOM 1642 N MET A 506 37.840 −5.324 27.381 1.00 21.86 A N ATOM 1643 CA MET A 506 37.124 −4.065 27.511 1.00 24.67 A C ATOM 1644 CB MET A 506 37.805 −3.170 28.543 1.00 18.93 A C ATOM 1645 CG MET A 506 37.726 −3.710 29.948 1.00 17.36 A C ATOM 1646 SD MET A 506 38.577 −2.617 31.094 1.00 17.41 A S ATOM 1647 CE MET A 506 37.807 −3.106 32.638 1.00 12.10 A C ATOM 1648 C MET A 506 36.935 −3.322 26.191 1.00 19.43 A C ATOM 1649 O MET A 506 35.937 −2.633 26.018 1.00 24.23 A O ATOM 1650 N HIS A 507 37.885 −3.452 25.267 1.00 19.93 A N ATOM 1651 CA HIS A 507 37.756 −2.793 23.967 1.00 22.77 A C ATOM 1652 CB HIS A 507 38.996 −3.001 23.085 1.00 22.56 A C ATOM 1653 CG HIS A 507 40.195 −2.221 23.527 1.00 31.95 A C ATOM 1654 CD2 HIS A 507 41.480 −2.600 23.743 1.00 28.06 A C ATOM 1655 ND1 HIS A 507 40.149 −0.865 23.784 1.00 30.42 A N ATOM 1656 CE1 HIS A 507 41.350 −0.446 24.147 1.00 28.24 A C ATOM 1657 NE2 HIS A 507 42.175 −1.482 24.129 1.00 29.68 A N ATOM 1658 C HIS A 507 36.507 −3.272 23.238 1.00 23.49 A C ATOM 1659 O HIS A 507 35.763 −2.467 22.686 1.00 21.54 A O ATOM 1660 N LYS A 508 36.277 −4.585 23.246 1.00 27.48 A N ATOM 1661 CA LYS A 508 35.072 −5.155 22.647 1.00 24.95 A C ATOM 1662 CB LYS A 508 35.130 −6.685 22.650 1.00 27.54 A C ATOM 1663 CG LYS A 508 36.269 −7.263 21.822 1.00 32.43 A C ATOM 1664 CD LYS A 508 36.428 −6.536 20.493 1.00 38.63 A C ATOM 1665 CE LYS A 508 37.419 −7.257 19.576 1.00 56.26 A C ATOM 1666 NZ LYS A 508 36.847 −8.519 18.995 1.00 43.16 A N ATOM 1667 C LYS A 508 33.824 −4.680 23.384 1.00 19.68 A C ATOM 1668 O LYS A 508 32.864 −4.220 22.764 1.00 20.81 A O ATOM 1669 N LEU A 509 33.842 −4.786 24.709 1.00 22.68 A N ATOM 1670 CA LEU A 509 32.729 −4.293 25.513 1.00 23.48 A C ATOM 1671 CB LEU A 509 33.017 −4.426 27.011 1.00 29.22 A C ATOM 1672 CG LEU A 509 31.995 −3.739 27.925 1.00 27.44 A C ATOM 1673 CD1 LEU A 509 30.694 −4.517 27.936 1.00 31.92 A C ATOM 1674 CD2 LEU A 509 32.523 −3.560 29.346 1.00 26.65 A C ATOM 1675 C LEU A 509 32.431 −2.837 25.173 1.00 24.41 A C ATOM 1676 O LEU A 509 31.272 −2.457 25.002 1.00 22.28 A O ATOM 1677 N PHE A 510 33.474 −2.016 25.081 1.00 22.66 A N ATOM 1678 CA PHE A 510 33.257 −0.608 24.770 1.00 20.66 A C ATOM 1679 CB PHE A 510 34.547 0.218 24.864 1.00 18.70 A C ATOM 1680 CG PHE A 510 34.325 1.688 24.627 1.00 15.17 A C ATOM 1681 CD1 PHE A 510 34.718 2.280 23.439 1.00 16.27 A C ATOM 1682 CD2 PHE A 510 33.676 2.460 25.572 1.00 13.01 A C ATOM 1683 CE1 PHE A 510 34.506 3.626 23.218 1.00 14.48 A C ATOM 1684 CE2 PHE A 510 33.454 3.812 25.355 1.00 14.61 A C ATOM 1685 CZ PHE A 510 33.870 4.392 24.177 1.00 13.05 A C ATOM 1686 C PHE A 510 32.634 −0.438 23.385 1.00 20.14 A C ATOM 1687 O PHE A 510 31.661 0.295 23.222 1.00 20.24 A O ATOM 1688 N LEU A 511 33.204 −1.115 22.394 1.00 21.94 A N ATOM 1689 CA LEU A 511 32.731 −0.985 21.023 1.00 23.06 A C ATOM 1690 CB LEU A 511 33.535 −1.890 20.082 1.00 25.37 A C ATOM 1691 CG LEU A 511 33.673 −1.459 18.615 1.00 34.06 A C ATOM 1692 CD1 LEU A 511 34.020 −2.650 17.729 1.00 28.40 A C ATOM 1693 CD2 LEU A 511 32.414 −0.778 18.096 1.00 31.99 A C ATOM 1694 C LEU A 511 31.243 −1.313 20.958 1.00 26.74 A C ATOM 1695 O LEU A 511 30.448 −0.524 20.452 1.00 24.65 A O ATOM 1696 N ALA A 512 30.863 −2.470 21.491 1.00 26.69 A N ATOM 1697 CA ALA A 512 29.465 −2.880 21.465 1.00 26.91 A C ATOM 1698 CB ALA A 512 29.253 −4.172 22.267 1.00 28.84 A C ATOM 1699 C ALA A 512 28.571 −1.766 21.989 1.00 24.32 A C ATOM 1700 O ALA A 512 27.559 −1.425 21.371 1.00 30.32 A O ATOM 1701 N MET A 513 28.943 −1.185 23.123 1.00 25.97 A N ATOM 1702 CA MET A 513 28.152 −0.093 23.681 1.00 25.35 A C ATOM 1703 CB MET A 513 28.581 0.220 25.112 1.00 24.25 A C ATOM 1704 CG MET A 513 27.689 1.245 25.812 1.00 40.53 A C ATOM 1705 SD MET A 513 25.908 0.887 25.704 1.00 55.43 A S ATOM 1706 CE MET A 513 25.865 −0.783 26.356 1.00 42.48 A C ATOM 1707 C MET A 513 28.224 1.159 22.802 1.00 26.20 A C ATOM 1708 O MET A 513 27.236 1.875 22.651 1.00 23.76 A O ATOM 1709 N LEU A 514 29.391 1.412 22.216 1.00 26.08 A N ATOM 1710 CA LEU A 514 29.578 2.579 21.359 1.00 21.31 A C ATOM 1711 CB LEU A 514 31.034 2.677 20.896 1.00 21.48 A C ATOM 1712 CG LEU A 514 31.425 3.871 20.017 1.00 21.99 A C ATOM 1713 CD1 LEU A 514 31.241 5.194 20.748 1.00 18.65 A C ATOM 1714 CD2 LEU A 514 32.860 3.721 19.548 1.00 20.15 A C ATOM 1715 C LEU A 514 28.638 2.527 20.150 1.00 33.07 A C ATOM 1716 O LEU A 514 27.919 3.490 19.861 1.00 29.12 A O ATOM 1717 N GLU A 515 28.627 1.398 19.449 1.00 29.69 A N ATOM 1718 CA GLU A 515 27.820 1.303 18.236 1.00 34.79 A C ATOM 1719 CB GLU A 515 28.287 0.162 17.330 1.00 27.08 A C ATOM 1720 CG GLU A 515 28.131 −1.216 17.909 1.00 34.33 A C ATOM 1721 CD GLU A 515 28.908 −2.253 17.113 1.00 45.47 A C ATOM 1722 OE1 GLU A 515 28.620 −3.463 17.265 1.00 45.27 A O ATOM 1723 OE2 GLU A 515 29.804 −1.853 16.333 1.00 37.65 A O ATOM 1724 C GLU A 515 26.331 1.207 18.550 1.00 35.53 A C ATOM 1725 O GLU A 515 25.492 1.520 17.705 1.00 42.10 A O ATOM 1726 N ALA A 516 26.008 0.799 19.772 1.00 32.13 A N ATOM 1727 CA ALA A 516 24.622 0.784 20.218 1.00 33.03 A C ATOM 1728 CB ALA A 516 24.472 −0.076 21.466 1.00 34.02 A C ATOM 1729 C ALA A 516 24.106 2.199 20.480 1.00 38.57 A C ATOM 1730 O ALA A 516 22.911 2.466 20.355 1.00 48.26 A O ATOM 1731 N MET A 517 25.006 3.105 20.848 1.00 32.86 A N ATOM 1732 CA MET A 517 24.610 4.465 21.197 1.00 31.72 A C ATOM 1733 CB MET A 517 25.393 4.965 22.410 1.00 33.83 A C ATOM 1734 CG MET A 517 25.069 4.231 23.696 1.00 29.31 A C ATOM 1735 SD MET A 517 26.141 4.719 25.059 1.00 25.19 A S ATOM 1736 CE MET A 517 25.473 6.322 25.501 1.00 14.42 A C ATOM 1737 C MET A 517 24.798 5.418 20.025 1.00 42.08 A C ATOM 1738 O MET A 517 24.006 6.338 19.829 1.00 45.81 A O ATOM 1739 N MET A 518 25.860 5.206 19.256 1.00 41.48 A N ATOM 1740 CA MET A 518 26.018 5.912 17.997 1.00 39.72 A C ATOM 1741 CB MET A 518 27.489 6.235 17.727 1.00 39.95 A C ATOM 1742 CG MET A 518 28.203 6.832 18.931 1.00 44.06 A C ATOM 1743 SD MET A 518 29.573 7.946 18.546 1.00 63.51 A S ATOM 1744 CE MET A 518 28.702 9.340 17.827 1.00 49.02 A C ATOM 1745 C MET A 518 25.441 5.022 16.906 1.00 50.39 A C ATOM 1746 O MET A 518 26.173 4.321 16.199 1.00 52.80 A O ATOM 1747 OXT MET A 518 24.217 4.974 16.732 1.00 47.23 A O TER ATOM 1748 C01 LIG I 1 37.522 −4.728 39.460 1.00 12.56 C ATOM 1749 O02 LIG I 1 37.054 −3.524 38.870 1.00 14.30 O ATOM 1750 C03 LIG I 1 36.474 −3.538 37.583 1.00 13.35 C ATOM 1751 C04 LIG I 1 35.646 −4.655 37.126 1.00 10.90 C ATOM 1752 C05 LIG I 1 35.079 −4.567 35.789 1.00 11.99 C ATOM 1753 C06 LIG I 1 34.301 −5.743 35.190 1.00 15.90 C ATOM 1754 C07 LIG I 1 35.012 −7.105 35.006 1.00 14.60 C ATOM 1755 S08 LIG I 1 36.198 −7.696 35.939 1.00 13.68 S ATOM 1756 C09 LIG I 1 35.895 −9.317 35.780 1.00 17.64 C ATOM 1757 O10 LIG I 1 36.416 −10.222 36.357 1.00 14.32 O ATOM 1758 N11 LIG I 1 34.725 −9.490 35.021 1.00 12.73 N ATOM 1759 C12 LIG I 1 34.332 −8.183 34.331 1.00 17.51 C ATOM 1760 O13 LIG I 1 33.348 −8.028 33.683 1.00 20.19 O ATOM 1761 C14 LIG I 1 35.303 −3.438 34.907 1.00 12.47 C ATOM 1762 C15 LIG I 1 36.115 −2.338 35.366 1.00 10.28 C ATOM 1763 C16 LIG I 1 36.685 −2.398 36.691 1.00 11.90 C ATOM 1764 O17 LIG I 1 37.521 −1.350 37.104 1.00 13.21 O ATOM 1765 C18 LIG I 1 36.799 −0.147 37.216 1.00 11.32 C ATOM 1766 C19 LIG I 1 35.432 −0.111 37.662 1.00 11.91 C ATOM 1767 C20 LIG I 1 34.813 1.167 37.834 1.00 11.63 C ATOM 1768 C21 LIG I 1 35.559 2.375 37.554 1.00 10.56 C ATOM 1769 C22 LIG I 1 34.900 3.739 37.733 1.00 13.19 C ATOM 1770 N23 LIG I 1 34.438 4.755 37.881 1.00 13.97 N ATOM 1771 C24 LIG I 1 36.919 2.329 37.109 1.00 10.60 C ATOM 1772 C25 LIG I 1 37.542 1.065 36.943 1.00 12.03 C ATOM 1773 C26 LIG I 1 38.985 0.930 36.412 1.00 11.68 C ATOM 1774 F27 LIG I 1 38.952 0.288 35.215 1.00 12.26 F ATOM 1775 F28 LIG I 1 39.754 0.151 37.225 1.00 11.10 F ATOM 1776 F29 LIG I 1 39.515 2.184 36.275 1.00 13.01 F TER ATOM 1777 O HOH W 1 44.563 11.913 24.932 1.00 5.38 W O ATOM 1778 O HOH W 2 38.446 19.540 40.333 1.00 9.46 W O ATOM 1779 O HOH W 3 52.753 19.023 35.890 1.00 5.49 W O ATOM 1780 O HOH W 4 46.434 13.708 25.858 1.00 4.30 W O ATOM 1781 O HOH W 5 32.599 18.092 31.284 1.00 8.37 W O ATOM 1782 O HOH W 6 45.519 7.675 21.494 1.00 10.79 W O ATOM 1783 O HOH W 7 50.103 12.930 22.113 1.00 8.76 W O ATOM 1784 O HOH W 8 52.695 11.128 41.005 1.00 10.34 W O ATOM 1785 O HOH W 9 51.885 17.800 38.312 1.00 6.75 W O ATOM 1786 O HOH W 10 36.830 24.389 41.795 1.00 13.60 W O ATOM 1787 O HOH W 11 34.888 8.253 35.837 1.00 8.78 W O ATOM 1788 O HOH W 12 48.188 20.582 18.407 1.00 10.34 W O ATOM 1789 O HOH W 13 51.054 4.999 44.053 1.00 14.61 W O ATOM 1790 O HOH W 14 43.436 10.535 47.007 1.00 12.83 W O ATOM 1791 O HOH W 15 35.385 30.646 23.313 1.00 13.24 W O ATOM 1792 O HOH W 16 49.727 5.453 36.692 1.00 12.89 W O ATOM 1793 O HOH W 17 35.157 11.077 33.306 1.00 9.35 W O ATOM 1794 O HOH W 18 45.912 −1.723 44.249 1.00 17.09 W O ATOM 1795 O HOH W 19 43.769 −7.652 42.933 1.00 13.50 W O ATOM 1796 O HOH W 20 38.854 28.044 21.341 1.00 11.86 W O ATOM 1797 O HOH W 21 32.657 26.460 39.127 1.00 17.14 W O ATOM 1798 O HOH W 22 40.960 10.711 52.535 1.00 16.60 W O ATOM 1799 O HOH W 23 46.706 12.019 27.977 1.00 7.53 W O ATOM 1800 O HOH W 24 37.946 29.687 23.346 1.00 18.39 W O ATOM 1801 O HOH W 25 46.126 10.791 47.156 1.00 11.87 W O ATOM 1802 O HOH W 26 40.690 17.783 50.908 1.00 17.28 W O ATOM 1803 O HOH W 27 44.571 14.585 18.546 1.00 8.23 W O ATOM 1804 O HOH W 28 27.731 24.259 15.446 1.00 19.31 W O ATOM 1805 O HOH W 29 31.269 7.302 39.383 1.00 19.07 W O ATOM 1806 O HOH W 30 40.707 4.311 17.305 1.00 15.13 W O ATOM 1807 O HOH W 31 48.235 8.960 47.013 1.00 18.19 W O ATOM 1808 O HOH W 32 48.610 10.754 15.965 1.00 11.66 W O ATOM 1809 O HOH W 33 34.927 18.100 29.929 1.00 14.15 W O ATOM 1810 O HOH W 34 38.481 0.849 22.579 1.00 21.28 W O ATOM 1811 O HOH W 35 41.452 4.608 25.983 1.00 17.81 W O ATOM 1812 O HOH W 36 25.482 25.452 26.713 1.00 14.94 W O ATOM 1813 O HOH W 37 27.711 26.034 34.233 1.00 16.10 W O ATOM 1814 O HOH W 38 27.242 27.675 27.326 1.00 12.39 W O ATOM 1815 O HOH W 39 48.422 3.965 49.199 1.00 21.16 W O ATOM 1816 O HOH W 40 27.239 11.729 30.392 1.00 14.28 W O ATOM 1817 O HOH W 41 37.994 6.978 11.502 1.00 23.03 W O ATOM 1818 O HOH W 42 23.431 6.077 35.524 1.00 34.53 W O ATOM 1819 O HOH W 43 45.863 3.874 49.965 1.00 19.14 W O ATOM 1820 O HOH W 44 27.797 −0.642 41.412 1.00 19.39 W O ATOM 1821 O HOH W 45 26.168 0.520 39.513 1.00 28.17 W O ATOM 1822 O HOH W 46 44.368 19.096 42.291 1.00 22.45 W O ATOM 1823 O HOH W 47 37.196 8.585 52.837 1.00 27.40 W O ATOM 1824 O HOH W 48 33.242 9.597 32.198 1.00 12.89 W O ATOM 1825 O HOH W 49 37.595 −3.868 48.438 1.00 20.47 W O ATOM 1826 O HOH W 50 29.456 31.835 22.598 1.00 22.53 W O ATOM 1827 O HOH W 51 52.443 −1.281 44.167 1.00 26.58 W O ATOM 1828 O HOH W 52 25.736 27.500 30.294 1.00 22.78 W O ATOM 1829 O HOH W 53 24.976 4.533 48.715 1.00 34.74 W O ATOM 1830 O HOH W 54 30.217 11.415 37.945 1.00 22.25 W O ATOM 1831 O HOH W 55 23.646 6.611 40.768 1.00 24.70 W O ATOM 1832 O HOH W 56 33.098 29.193 35.887 1.00 25.06 W O ATOM 1833 O HOH W 57 45.363 14.885 13.948 1.00 23.76 W O ATOM 1834 O HOH W 58 56.109 25.198 34.855 1.00 19.03 W O ATOM 1835 O HOH W 59 27.048 14.448 29.929 1.00 22.03 W O ATOM 1836 O HOH W 60 20.591 21.180 20.283 1.00 23.50 W O ATOM 1837 O HOH W 61 24.951 22.850 14.338 1.00 24.22 W O ATOM 1838 O HOH W 62 32.399 30.737 24.989 1.00 21.02 W O ATOM 1839 O HOH W 64 30.450 9.645 40.192 1.00 20.15 W O ATOM 1840 O HOH W 65 32.062 8.706 8.641 1.00 22.60 W O ATOM 1841 O HOH W 66 26.846 18.470 35.842 1.00 25.13 W O ATOM 1842 O HOH W 67 41.119 25.411 15.836 1.00 21.06 W O ATOM 1843 O HOH W 68 33.143 12.560 31.491 1.00 15.57 W O ATOM 1844 O HOH W 69 39.252 −7.193 22.659 1.00 25.67 W O ATOM 1845 O HOH W 70 50.811 15.765 45.335 1.00 21.12 W O ATOM 1846 O HOH W 71 46.413 27.950 39.831 1.00 26.80 W O ATOM 1847 O HOH W 72 39.136 33.217 33.030 1.00 18.67 W O ATOM 1848 O HOH W 73 34.194 12.875 38.074 1.00 16.42 W O ATOM 1849 O HOH W 74 36.706 −0.992 15.956 1.00 29.45 W O ATOM 1850 O HOH W 75 35.355 4.249 13.073 1.00 26.96 W O ATOM 1851 O HOH W 76 37.681 17.086 43.354 1.00 20.14 W O ATOM 1852 O HOH W 77 36.654 −0.356 21.303 1.00 19.60 W O ATOM 1853 O HOH W 78 33.084 3.541 50.395 1.00 20.52 W O ATOM 1854 O HOH W 79 48.844 22.050 16.012 1.00 19.97 W O ATOM 1855 O HOH W 80 48.656 −2.928 34.698 1.00 20.76 W O ATOM 1856 O HOH W 81 44.932 5.820 25.320 1.00 22.17 W O ATOM 1857 O HOH W 82 31.873 −3.931 33.216 1.00 22.90 W O ATOM 1858 O HOH W 83 44.834 −2.170 24.937 1.00 31.94 W O ATOM 1859 O HOH W 84 39.285 0.729 51.059 1.00 24.54 W O ATOM 1860 O HOH W 85 25.168 −1.488 35.911 1.00 25.84 W O ATOM 1861 O HOH W 86 41.248 −1.515 52.975 1.00 22.30 W O ATOM 1862 O HOH W 87 25.070 13.693 24.590 1.00 23.03 W O ATOM 1863 O HOH W 88 44.389 −6.291 50.027 1.00 22.81 W O ATOM 1864 O HOH W 89 41.774 2.851 24.353 1.00 27.80 W O ATOM 1865 O HOH W 90 36.606 14.144 11.018 1.00 25.46 W O ATOM 1866 O HOH W 91 44.230 8.168 54.303 1.00 33.85 W O ATOM 1867 O HOH W 92 45.880 15.287 55.235 1.00 35.04 W O ATOM 1868 O HOH W 93 29.650 18.425 19.417 1.00 20.98 W O ATOM 1869 O HOH W 94 51.922 4.436 36.410 1.00 25.61 W O ATOM 1870 O HOH W 95 26.692 18.098 19.536 1.00 29.43 W O ATOM 1871 O HOH W 96 45.929 −3.837 56.932 1.00 39.12 W O ATOM 1872 O HON W 97 39.394 18.914 7.326 1.00 31.99 W O ATOM 1873 O HOH W 98 36.622 24.788 15.555 1.00 25.22 W O ATOM 1874 O HOH W 99 46.562 4.351 26.855 1.00 19.74 W O ATOM 1875 O HOH W 100 48.753 17.971 14.821 1.00 20.14 W O ATOM 1876 O HOH W 101 36.333 15.561 8.688 1.00 32.23 W O ATOM 1877 O HOH W 102 23.790 8.703 29.637 1.00 26.40 W O ATOM 1878 O HOH W 103 35.740 20.515 15.207 1.00 24.92 W O ATOM 1879 O HOH W 104 33.980 −5.351 31.541 1.00 27.67 W O ATOM 1880 O HOH W 105 46.968 13.932 50.523 1.00 33.67 W O ATOM 1881 O HOH W 106 38.247 29.301 40.424 1.00 32.89 W O ATOM 1882 O HOH W 107 36.603 3.854 52.414 1.00 36.07 W O ATOM 1883 O HOH W 108 29.336 −5.723 31.437 1.00 28.89 W O ATOM 1884 O HOH W 109 24.706 −6.887 36.659 1.00 48.50 W O ATOM 1885 O HOH W 110 31.473 38.020 15.477 1.00 26.02 W O ATOM 1886 O HOH W 111 45.417 10.652 9.607 1.00 31.22 W O ATOM 1887 O HON W 112 23.315 0.319 16.488 1.00 37.06 W O ATOM 1888 O HOH W 113 26.781 10.307 35.802 1.00 27.62 W O ATOM 1889 O HOH W 114 33.398 15.480 42.028 1.00 32.73 W O ATOM 1890 O HOH W 115 52.462 0.347 46.182 1.00 31.78 W O ATOM 1891 O HOH W 116 48.108 −6.958 36.719 1.00 27.94 W O ATOM 1892 O HOH W 117 45.076 26.135 42.044 1.00 28.97 W O ATOM 1893 O HOH W 118 37.577 32.603 21.541 1.00 28.63 W O ATOM 1894 O HOH W 119 54.350 5.605 35.775 1.00 23.98 W O ATOM 1895 O HOH W 120 37.896 5.652 7.847 1.00 32.99 W O ATOM 1896 O HOH W 121 28.463 −0.754 28.203 1.00 35.81 W O ATOM 1897 O HOH W 122 43.755 18.893 45.269 1.00 26.83 W O ATOM 1898 O HOH W 123 33.542 11.698 35.367 1.00 13.20 W O ATOM 1899 O HOH W 124 48.924 −7.374 43.248 1.00 24.11 W O ATOM 1900 O HOH W 125 48.582 −7.854 40.770 1.00 25.71 W O ATOM 1901 O HOH W 126 43.905 −8.775 48.077 1.00 16.75 W O ATOM 1902 O HOH W 127 43.324 −10.397 50.258 1.00 26.72 W O ATOM 1903 O HOH W 128 49.872 14.459 47.358 1.00 19.45 W O ATOM 1904 O HOH W 129 36.062 22.802 16.227 1.00 21.75 W O ATOM 1905 O HOH W 130 48.888 3.228 26.017 1.00 28.29 W O TER END

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The invention claimed is:
 1. A method to measure the dissociation rate of a ligand that forms a reversible covalent bond with a protein, wherein said protein is an Estrogen Related Receptor alpha (ERR-α), comprising the steps of: (a) measuring by LC/MS a mass for the protein, a mass for a first ligand that forms a reversible covalent thioether bond with the protein at Cys325, and a mass for a competing second ligand that forms a reversible covalent bond with the protein, wherein the competing second ligand has a different mass than the first ligand; (b) mixing the protein and the first ligand in a solution with the first ligand in molar excess of the protein; (c) incubating the protein and the first ligand in the solution to allow for a protein:ligand complex to form; (d) removing an aliquot of the solution and measuring by LC/MS the mass for the protein:ligand complex; (e) adding the competing second ligand to the solution containing the protein:ligand complex, wherein the competing second ligand is in molar excess to the protein:ligand complex and in molar excess to the first ligand; (f) removing aliquots of the solution at time 0 and at regular time intervals; (g) measuring the time-dependent change in the mass of the protein:ligand complex equal to the mass difference of the first ligand and the competing second ligand; and, (h) determining the dissociation rate for the first ligand.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein said first ligand is the following structure:


3. The method of claim 1, wherein the competing second ligand is the following structure: 